Chapter 29: Vertebrate Evolution
These questions are taken from a study guide for Biology 102 using the book Biology 10th edition by Sylvia S. Mader.
- 1.
All of the following are characteristics of vertebrates EXCEPT
- A.
A. internal organs.
- B.
B. vertebral columns.
- C.
C. postanal tails.
- D.
D. exoskeletons.
- E.
E. skulls.
Correct Answer
D. D. exoskeletons.Explanation
The correct answer is D. exoskeletons. Vertebrates are animals that have internal skeletons, or endoskeletons, made up of bones or cartilage. They also have internal organs, vertebral columns (backbones), postanal tails, and skulls. However, exoskeletons are characteristic of invertebrates, such as arthropods, not vertebrates.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Vertebrates without jaws would be the
- A.
A. rays.
- B.
B. turtles.
- C.
C. lampreys.
- D.
D. eels.
Correct Answer
C. C. lampreys.Explanation
Lampreys are vertebrates without jaws. They are a type of jawless fish that belong to the class Cyclostomata. Lampreys have a round, sucker-like mouth that they use to attach themselves to other fish and feed on their blood and body fluids. They do not have true jaws like other vertebrates, such as rays, turtles, and eels, which all have well-developed jaws. Therefore, the correct answer is C. lampreys.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The largest group of vertebrates is the
- A.
A. mammals.
- B.
B. fishes.
- C.
C. reptiles.
- D.
D. amphibians.
Correct Answer
B. B. fishes.Explanation
Fishes make up the largest group of vertebrates because there are more species of fishes compared to mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. Fishes are a diverse group of animals that live in various aquatic environments, including freshwater and saltwater. They have adapted to different habitats and evolved a wide range of characteristics and behaviors. This diversity and abundance contribute to fishes being the largest group of vertebrates.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The following are differences between amphibians and reptiles EXCEPT
- A.
A. amphibians have smooth non-scaly skin, whereas reptiles are covered with scales and their skin is dry.
- B.
B. all reptiles respire by the use of lungs, while amphibians use small lungs supplemented by cutaneous respiration
- C.
C. amphibian eggs are laid in water, but reptiles do not require water for reproduction.
- D.
D. reptiles are ectothermic, while amphibians are endothermic.
Correct Answer
D. D. reptiles are ectothermic, while ampHibians are endothermic.Explanation
Amphibians and reptiles have several differences, including their skin type, respiratory system, and reproductive habits. Amphibians have smooth non-scaly skin, while reptiles have scales and dry skin. While all reptiles respire using lungs, amphibians use small lungs supplemented by cutaneous respiration. Amphibian eggs are laid in water, whereas reptiles do not require water for reproduction. However, the statement that reptiles are ectothermic and amphibians are endothermic is incorrect. Both reptiles and amphibians are ectothermic, meaning their body temperature is regulated by external sources. Therefore, the correct answer is D.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which phylum contains the vertebrates?
- A.
A. Arthropoda
- B.
B. Chordata
- C.
C. Annelida
- D.
D. Mollusca
- E.
E. Porifera
Correct Answer
B. B. ChordataExplanation
The correct answer is B. Chordata. Chordata is the phylum that contains the vertebrates. Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone or spinal column. This includes animals such as mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A notochord is
- A.
A. a strip of cartilage that forms a back and tail in all vertebrates.
- B.
B. a stiff dorsal supporting rod.
- C.
C. replaced by the vertebral column during development.
- D.
D. All of the choices are correct.
- E.
E. B and C are correct.
Correct Answer
E. E. B and C are correct.Explanation
A notochord is a stiff dorsal supporting rod that forms in the early embryonic stage of all vertebrates. However, during development, the notochord is replaced by the vertebral column. Therefore, both options B and C are correct.Rate this question:
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- 7.
______ were the first vertebrates to live on land and they evolved from ____.
- A.
A. Amphibians; fish
- B.
B. Reptiles; amphibians
- C.
C. Mammals; reptiles
- D.
D. Amphibians; lancelets
Correct Answer
A. A. AmpHibians; fishExplanation
Amphibians were the first vertebrates to live on land. They evolved from fish.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The most likely ancestors of the vertebrates are
- A.
A. arthropods.
- B.
B. sea squirts.
- C.
C. annelids.
- D.
D. molluscs.
Correct Answer
B. B. sea squirts.Explanation
Sea squirts, also known as tunicates, are considered the most likely ancestors of vertebrates. This is because they share some key characteristics with vertebrates, such as having a notochord during their larval stage and possessing a dorsal nerve cord. These similarities suggest a common ancestor and support the theory that vertebrates evolved from sea squirts.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The four defining characteristics of chordates are
- A.
A. segmentation, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches, and an amniotic egg.
- B.
B. a dorsal hollow nerve cord, a notochord, bilateral symmetry, and mammary glands.
- C.
C. bilateral symmetry, segmentation, a well-developed coelom, and limbs.
- D.
D. a well-developed coelom, pharyngeal pouches, a notochord, and jaws.
- E.
E. pharyngeal pouches, a dorsal nerve cord, a notochord, and a postanal tail.
Correct Answer
E. E. pHaryngeal pouches, a dorsal nerve cord, a notochord, and a postanal tail.Explanation
The correct answer is E. This is because pharyngeal pouches, a dorsal nerve cord, a notochord, and a postanal tail are the four defining characteristics of chordates. These characteristics are present in all chordates at some point in their development, and they help to distinguish chordates from other animal groups.Rate this question:
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- 10.
In some chordates, the _______ is (are) replaced by _______.
- A.
A. pharyngeal pouches; gills
- B.
B. dorsal hollow nerve cord; a ventral solid nerve cord
- C.
C. gill arches; pharyngeal pouches
- D.
D. notochord; a dorsal hollow nerve cord
- E.
E. a vertebral column; notochord
Correct Answer
A. A. pHaryngeal pouches; gillsExplanation
In some chordates, the pharyngeal pouches are replaced by gills. This means that instead of having pouches in their throat region, these chordates have gills for respiration.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of these is NOT one of the characteristics of a vertebrate?
- A.
A. radial symmetry
- B.
B. segmentation
- C.
C. extreme cephalization
- D.
D. closed circulation
- E.
E. coelom
Correct Answer
A. A. radial symmetryExplanation
Radial symmetry refers to the arrangement of body parts around a central axis, like in a starfish or jellyfish. Vertebrates, on the other hand, have bilateral symmetry, meaning their bodies can be divided into two equal halves along a vertical plane. Therefore, radial symmetry is not one of the characteristics of a vertebrate.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The cartilaginous fishes include all EXCEPT
- A.
A. skates.
- B.
B. sharks.
- C.
C. goldfish.
- D.
D. rays.
Correct Answer
C. C. goldfish.Explanation
The cartilaginous fishes are a group of fishes that have skeletons made of cartilage instead of bone. Skates, sharks, and rays are all examples of cartilaginous fishes. Goldfish, on the other hand, are bony fishes and do not belong to the cartilaginous fish group.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The lancelets, or Branchiostoma, are found
- A.
A. in tropical Amazon streams.
- B.
B. as parasites inside the tracts of fish.
- C.
C. very rarely in mountain streams, where they are almost extinct.
- D.
D. commonly in the sandy bottoms of coastal waters around the world.
- E.
E. B and C are correct.
Correct Answer
D. D. commonly in the sandy bottoms of coastal waters around the world.Explanation
Lancelets, also known as Branchiostoma, are commonly found in the sandy bottoms of coastal waters around the world. This means that they are not limited to a specific geographical location or habitat, but rather have a wide distribution. They prefer to live in areas with sandy bottoms, which provide them with a suitable environment for burrowing and feeding. Lancelets are not found in tropical Amazon streams, as mentioned in option A. They are also not parasites inside the tracts of fish, as mentioned in option B. Option C, which states that they are rarely found in mountain streams and are almost extinct, is also incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is option D.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Sharks
- A.
A. lack bony skeletons.
- B.
B. have placoid scales.
- C.
C. have a keen sense of smell.
- D.
D. have teeth derived from epidermal scales.
- E.
E. All of the choices are correct.
Correct Answer
E. E. All of the choices are correct.Explanation
The correct answer is E. All of the choices are correct. Sharks lack bony skeletons, have placoid scales, have a keen sense of smell, and have teeth derived from epidermal scales. This means that all of the given statements about sharks are true.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The jawed fish and all other vertebrates are gnathostomes, which means they have
- A.
A. segmentation.
- B.
B. jaws.
- C.
C. a notochord that develops into a vertebral column.
- D.
D. amniotic eggs.
- E.
E. A and C are correct.
Correct Answer
B. B. jaws.Explanation
Jawed fish and all other vertebrates are classified as gnathostomes, meaning they have jaws. This characteristic sets them apart from other animals and is a defining feature of this group.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The fossil Tiktaalik roseae
- A.
A. provides insight into how the legs of tetrapods evolved.
- B.
B. is a transitional fossil form.
- C.
C. was found in Arctic Canada.
- D.
D. is intermediate between reptiles and mammals.
- E.
E. A, B, and C are correct.
Correct Answer
E. E. A, B, and C are correct.Explanation
The correct answer is E. A, B, and C are correct. The fossil Tiktaalik roseae provides insight into how the legs of tetrapods evolved, as it has features of both fish and land-dwelling animals. It is considered a transitional fossil form, showing a link between fish and tetrapods. Additionally, Tiktaalik roseae was found in Arctic Canada. Therefore, all three statements A, B, and C are correct.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Amphibians evolved from
- A.
A. darters.
- B.
B. sharks.
- C.
C. bass and bluegill.
- D.
D. sturgeon and catfish.
- E.
E. lobe-finned fishes with lungs.
Correct Answer
E. E. lobe-finned fishes with lungs.Explanation
Amphibians evolved from lobe-finned fishes with lungs. This is because lobe-finned fishes were the first vertebrates to develop lungs, allowing them to breathe air. Over time, some lobe-finned fishes adapted to living in shallow water and eventually on land, leading to the evolution of amphibians. This transition from water to land required the development of limbs and other adaptations to survive in terrestrial environments.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The discovery of a living coelacanth off the coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean in 1938 proved that it
- A.
A. was a modern fish unrelated to fossil coelacanths.
- B.
B. was the "missing link" between fish and amphibians.
- C.
C. can now climb onto land and travel some distances.
- D.
D. had changed very little and had not gone extinct.
- E.
E. was both the "missing link" and it could climb onto land and travel.
Correct Answer
D. D. had changed very little and had not gone extinct.Explanation
The discovery of a living coelacanth off the coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean in 1938 proved that it had changed very little and had not gone extinct. This is because coelacanths were previously known only from fossils and were believed to have gone extinct millions of years ago. The discovery of a living coelacanth confirmed that they had survived and remained relatively unchanged over millions of years.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of these characteristics is NOT found in the amphibians?
- A.
A. thin moist skin
- B.
B. two-chambered heart
- C.
C. small inefficient lungs
- D.
D. aquatic larvae
- E.
E. eggs with gelatinous covering
Correct Answer
B. B. two-chambered heartExplanation
Amphibians are known for their thin moist skin, small inefficient lungs, aquatic larvae, and eggs with a gelatinous covering. However, they do not have a two-chambered heart. Instead, amphibians have a three-chambered heart, with two atria and one ventricle. The ventricle partially separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, allowing for some mixing. This is different from the two-chambered heart found in fish and the four-chambered heart found in mammals and birds.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The amphibians' unique contribution to the evolution of land vertebrates was
- A.
A. respiration by gills.
- B.
B. respiration through the skin.
- C.
C. separation of lung/gill and systemic (body) circulation.
- D.
D. development of the tail for propulsion.
- E.
E. the leathery waterproof egg shell.
Correct Answer
C. C. separation of lung/gill and systemic (body) circulation.Explanation
Amphibians played a unique role in the evolution of land vertebrates by developing the separation of lung/gill and systemic (body) circulation. This allowed them to breathe air through lungs while still being able to respire through their skin or gills in water. This adaptation was crucial for their transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats. It enabled them to survive in both environments and paved the way for the development of more advanced respiratory systems in later land vertebrates.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Amphibians were the dominant animal life during the ________ period.
- A.
A. Jurassic
- B.
B. Carboniferous
- C.
C. Devonian
- D.
D. Silurian
- E.
E. Cambrian
Correct Answer
B. B. CarboniferousExplanation
During the Carboniferous period, amphibians were the dominant animal life. This period, which occurred approximately 359 to 299 million years ago, is known for its extensive coal deposits and the development of large forests. The warm and humid climate during this time provided ideal conditions for amphibians, allowing them to thrive and become the dominant animal group. The Carboniferous period marked a significant period of evolution and diversification for amphibians, making it the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The amphibians' common receptacle for the urinary, genital, and digestive canals is the
- A.
A. vulva.
- B.
B. glottis.
- C.
C. cloaca.
- D.
D. tympanum.
- E.
E. operculum.
Correct Answer
C. C. cloaca.Explanation
Amphibians have a common receptacle for their urinary, genital, and digestive canals, which is called the cloaca. The cloaca is a chamber where these systems converge before excretion or reproduction. It is found in many vertebrates, including reptiles, birds, and amphibians. The other options, such as vulva, glottis, tympanum, and operculum, are not related to the common receptacle for these canals in amphibians.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Lungless salamanders lack lungs and breathe through their skins after they lose their gills. You would expect lungless salamanders to
- A.
A. prefer drier habitats.
- B.
B. prefer stagnant water.
- C.
C. be larger than most salamanders.
- D.
D. be restricted to smaller and/or thinner body plans.
Correct Answer
D. D. be restricted to smaller and/or thinner body plans.Explanation
Lungless salamanders lack lungs and rely on their skin for respiration. This suggests that they have evolved to have smaller and/or thinner body plans in order to maximize surface area for gas exchange through their skin. Having a larger or bulkier body would reduce the efficiency of this respiration method. Therefore, it is expected that lungless salamanders would be restricted to smaller and/or thinner body plans.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Most salamanders practice internal fertilization
- A.
A. using spermatophores.
- B.
B. externally in water.
- C.
C. internally by copulation.
- D.
D. just like frogs.
Correct Answer
A. A. using spermatopHores.Explanation
Salamanders practice internal fertilization using spermatophores. Spermatophores are packets of sperm that are deposited by males onto the ground or in water. The female then picks up the spermatophore and uses it to fertilize her eggs internally. This method of fertilization is different from external fertilization in water, copulation, and the fertilization process of frogs.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Reptiles evolved from ______ ancestors and were abundant by the ________ Period.
- A.
A. mammals; Carboniferous
- B.
B. fish; Devonian
- C.
C. echinoderms; Cambrian
- D.
D. amphibians; Permian
Correct Answer
D. D. ampHibians; PermianExplanation
Reptiles evolved from amphibian ancestors and were abundant by the Permian Period. This means that reptiles developed from amphibians and became widespread during the Permian period.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which of these characteristics first developed in reptiles?
- A.
A. amniotic egg
- B.
B. scales on skin
- C.
C. four-legged body
- D.
D. skull and vertebral column
- E.
E. animals living completely on land
Correct Answer
A. A. amniotic eggExplanation
The amniotic egg first developed in reptiles. This type of egg has a specialized membrane called the amnion that surrounds and protects the developing embryo. It allows reptiles to reproduce on land without the need for water, providing a major advantage for survival. The development of the amniotic egg is considered a key adaptation that allowed reptiles to colonize diverse habitats and become successful land-dwelling animals.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The mammal-like reptiles that gave rise to mammals were the
- A.
A. coelacanths.
- B.
B. therapsids.
- C.
C. lampreys.
- D.
D. archaeopteryx.
Correct Answer
B. B. therapsids.Explanation
The correct answer is B. therapsids. Therapsids were a group of mammal-like reptiles that lived during the Permian and Triassic periods. They had many characteristics that were similar to mammals, such as a more advanced jaw structure and differentiated teeth. These reptiles eventually evolved into the first true mammals, making them the ancestors of modern mammals. Coelacanths are a type of fish, lampreys are jawless fish, and archaeopteryx is considered one of the earliest known birds.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Reptiles dominated the Earth for about 170 million years until they died out at the end of the _________ Period.
- A.
A. Cambrian
- B.
B. Cretaceous
- C.
C. Ordivician
- D.
D. Silurian
Correct Answer
B. B. CretaceousExplanation
During the Cretaceous Period, reptiles were the dominant species on Earth. They thrived for approximately 170 million years until they eventually became extinct at the end of this period. The Cretaceous Period is known for its diverse range of reptiles, including dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and marine reptiles. This extinction event marked the end of the Mesozoic Era and paved the way for the rise of mammals and birds in the following Cenozoic Era.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Several lineages of reptiles evolved from a common ancestral stem reptile, each adapting to different ways of life.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because it is well-documented that reptiles have evolved from a common ancestor. Over time, different lineages of reptiles have adapted to various environments and lifestyles, resulting in the wide diversity of reptiles we see today. This process of adaptation and divergence is a fundamental aspect of evolution and has occurred in many other groups of organisms as well.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Based on molecular data and skull features, what reptile(s) has an independent lineage from all other reptiles?
- A.
A. lizards
- B.
B. snakes
- C.
C. turtles
- D.
D. crocodiles
- E.
E. A and D have independent lineages.
Correct Answer
C. C. turtlesExplanation
Turtles have been found to have an independent lineage from all other reptiles based on molecular data and skull features. This suggests that turtles evolved separately from lizards, snakes, and crocodiles, and have distinct characteristics that set them apart from other reptiles.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The fossil record revealed that the largest flying animal to ever live had an estimated wing span of 13.5 meters. This animal is called
- A.
A. Tyrannosaurus.
- B.
B. Thecodont.
- C.
C. Quetzalcoatlus.
- D.
D. Tiktaalik.
Correct Answer
C. C. Quetzalcoatlus.Explanation
The correct answer is C. Quetzalcoatlus. The fossil record has provided evidence that Quetzalcoatlus had an estimated wing span of 13.5 meters, making it the largest flying animal to ever live. The other options, Tyrannosaurus, Thecodont, and Tiktaalik, are not flying animals and do not have the same characteristics as Quetzalcoatlus.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The term archosaurs refers to
- A.
A. crocodilians.
- B.
B. dinosaurs.
- C.
C. lizards.
- D.
D. birds.
- E.
E. A, B, and D are correct.
Correct Answer
E. E. A, B, and D are correct.Explanation
The term archosaurs refers to a group of reptiles that includes crocodilians, dinosaurs, and birds. Crocodilians are a type of reptile that includes crocodiles, alligators, and caimans. Dinosaurs are a group of reptiles that lived millions of years ago and includes well-known species like Tyrannosaurus rex and Triceratops. Birds are a group of animals that evolved from dinosaurs and are characterized by feathers and the ability to fly. Therefore, the correct answer is E, as all three options A, B, and D are correct.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Characteristics of birds include all of the following EXCEPT
- A.
A. aquatic reproduction.
- B.
B. endotherms.
- C.
C. modified reptilian scales as feathers.
- D.
D. hard-shelled eggs.
- E.
E. a modified skeleton with a fused collarbone and a keel.
Correct Answer
A. A. aquatic reproduction.Explanation
Birds do not have aquatic reproduction. They reproduce by laying hard-shelled eggs on land. The other characteristics mentioned are all true for birds. They are endotherms, meaning they can regulate their body temperature internally. They have modified reptilian scales that have evolved into feathers. They also have a modified skeleton with a fused collarbone and a keel, which provides support for their flight muscles.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Generally the respiratory system in birds
- A.
A. is identical to the human breathing system.
- B.
B. is merely accelerated by the flight muscles.
- C.
C. resembles the positive pressure system of a frog.
- D.
D. is a one-way circulation of air so constant oxygen absorption can meet the high oxygen demand.
Correct Answer
D. D. is a one-way circulation of air so constant oxygen absorption can meet the high oxygen demand.Explanation
The correct answer is D. The respiratory system in birds is a one-way circulation of air so constant oxygen absorption can meet the high oxygen demand. This means that air flows in one direction through the respiratory system, allowing for efficient oxygen absorption. This is necessary for birds as they have a high metabolic rate and require a constant supply of oxygen to support their active lifestyle, especially during flight.Rate this question:
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- 35.
All of the following statements concerning birds are true EXCEPT
- A.
A. birds have small, relatively under-developed brains.
- B.
B. some birds do not have the ability to fly.
- C.
C. birds have acute vision.
- D.
D. birds use the sun, stars, and the Earth's magnetic field to guide them.
Correct Answer
A. A. birds have small, relatively under-developed brains. -
- 36.
Mammals are different from birds in all these characteristics EXCEPT
- A.
A. hair.
- B.
B. mammary glands.
- C.
C. constant body temperature.
- D.
D. young born alive.
Correct Answer
C. C. constant body temperature.Explanation
Mammals and birds both have hair (option A) and mammary glands (option B), which are distinguishing characteristics of these two groups. Additionally, mammals give birth to live young (option D). The only characteristic that sets mammals apart from birds is constant body temperature (option C). Unlike birds, mammals are endothermic, meaning they can regulate their body temperature internally.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The organ of nutrition used in fetal development in the most successful mammals is the
- A.
A. mammary gland.
- B.
B. egg.
- C.
C. pouch
- D.
D. placenta.
- E.
E. marsupium.
Correct Answer
D. D. placenta.Explanation
The correct answer is D. placenta. The placenta is the organ of nutrition used in fetal development in mammals. It is responsible for providing oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus, as well as removing waste products. The placenta is formed during pregnancy and connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, allowing for the exchange of substances between the mother and the fetus. This organ plays a crucial role in the growth and development of the fetus, making it the most successful method of nutrition in mammals during fetal development.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The duckbill platypus is different than most mammals because it
- A.
A. lacks hair.
- B.
B. is "cold-blooded."
- C.
C. doesn't secrete milk.
- D.
D. doesn't give birth, but lays eggs.
- E.
E. All of the choices are correct.
Correct Answer
D. D. doesn't give birth, but lays eggs.Explanation
The correct answer is D. The duckbill platypus is different from most mammals because it doesn't give birth, but lays eggs. This is a unique characteristic of the platypus and a key feature that distinguishes it from other mammals. Most mammals give birth to live young, but the platypus lays eggs and hatches them outside of its body. This adaptation is an evolutionary trait that sets the platypus apart from other mammals.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The position of mammals in evolution is best described as
- A.
A. they dominate life in the sea.
- B.
B. they were among the first animals to live on land and their diversity is greater than all living things known.
- C.
C. they arose from mammal-like reptiles in the Jurassic but remained small and insignificant while dinosaurs dominated the land.
- D.
D. mammals gave rise to birds.
- E.
E. All of the choices are correct.
Correct Answer
C. C. they arose from mammal-like reptiles in the Jurassic but remained small and insignificant while dinosaurs dominated the land.Explanation
Mammals are believed to have evolved from mammal-like reptiles in the Jurassic period. During this time, dinosaurs dominated the land and mammals remained small and insignificant. This suggests that mammals were not the dominant life form during this period. Therefore, option C is the best description of the position of mammals in evolution.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Monotremes
- A.
A. are egg laying mammals.
- B.
B. include the anteater and duck-billed platypus.
- C.
C. nurse their young.
- D.
D. All of the above are true.
- E.
E. A and C are true.
Correct Answer
D. D. All of the above are true.Explanation
Monotremes are a group of mammals that lay eggs. They include animals such as the anteater and duck-billed platypus. Additionally, monotremes also nurse their young. Therefore, option D, which states that all of the above statements are true, is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The mammalian lineages include
- A.
A. placental mammals.
- B.
B. marsupials.
- C.
C. monotremes.
- D.
D. All of the above are correct.
- E.
E. None of the above are correct.
Correct Answer
D. D. All of the above are correct.Explanation
The correct answer is D. All of the above are correct. This means that all three options A, B, and C - placental mammals, marsupials, and monotremes - are included in the mammalian lineages. This indicates that all three types of mammals are part of the evolutionary history and classification of mammals.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Marsupials are thought to have arisen in
- A.
A. Australia.
- B.
B. the Americas.
- C.
C. Antarctica.
- D.
D. Eurasia.
Correct Answer
B. B. the Americas.Explanation
Marsupials are thought to have arisen in the Americas because the oldest known marsupial fossils have been found in North America. These fossils date back to the Late Cretaceous period, around 70 million years ago. This suggests that marsupials originated in the Americas and later dispersed to other parts of the world, including Australia. The presence of marsupials in Australia is believed to be the result of a later migration from South America to Antarctica and then to Australia via land bridges that connected these continents millions of years ago.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Marsupials include
- A.
A. spiny anteaters.
- B.
B. kangaroos.
- C.
C. Tasmanian devils.
- D.
D. All of the above are correct.
- E.
E. B and C only are correct.
Correct Answer
E. E. B and C only are correct.Explanation
The correct answer is E. B and C only are correct. This means that kangaroos and Tasmanian devils are the only marsupials included in the given options. Spiny anteaters are not marsupials, so option A is incorrect. Option D is also incorrect because it includes all of the options, while the correct answer specifies that only options B and C are correct.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Predacious meat eaters with large and conical-shaped canines are
- A.
A. cetaceans.
- B.
B. chiroptera.
- C.
C. carnivores.
- D.
D. proboscidea.
Correct Answer
C. C. carnivores.Explanation
The given correct answer is "C. carnivores." Predacious meat eaters with large and conical-shaped canines are referred to as carnivores. Carnivores are animals that primarily feed on meat and have adaptations such as sharp teeth and claws for hunting and capturing prey. Cetaceans are marine mammals such as whales and dolphins, chiroptera refers to bats, and proboscidea includes elephants. Therefore, the most appropriate classification for the given description is carnivores.Rate this question:
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- 45.
All chordates are also vertebrates.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Not all chordates are vertebrates. While all vertebrates are chordates, there are also non-vertebrate chordates such as tunicates and lancelets. These organisms possess the defining characteristics of chordates, such as a notochord and a dorsal nerve cord, but do not have a backbone or vertebral column. Therefore, the statement that all chordates are also vertebrates is false.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The most successful mammals belong to the marsupials group.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The explanation for the answer "False" is that the statement is incorrect. The most successful mammals do not belong to the marsupials group. Success in mammals can be measured in various ways, such as population size, adaptability, and ecological impact. Marsupials, while successful in their own right, do not dominate in these aspects compared to other mammal groups such as rodents, primates, and carnivores. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 47.
In humans the pharyngeal pouches of the embryo develop into auditory tubes, tonsils, thymus glands, and the parathyroid glands.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because during embryonic development in humans, the pharyngeal pouches give rise to various structures including the auditory tubes, tonsils, thymus glands, and the parathyroid glands. These structures play important roles in the respiratory and immune systems, as well as in the regulation of calcium levels in the body.Rate this question:
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Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Mar 12, 2012Quiz Created by
Daw2034
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