Chemical And Texture Services
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
#2 a strong compact cuticle makes for
- A.
Damaged hair
- B.
Easily permed hair
- C.
Resistant hair
- D.
Porous
Correct Answer
C. Resistant hairExplanation
A strong compact cuticle refers to the outer protective layer of the hair. When the cuticle is strong and compact, it acts as a barrier, preventing damage from external factors such as heat, chemicals, and environmental pollutants. This helps the hair to be more resistant to these damaging factors, leading to healthier and stronger hair.Rate this question:
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- 2.
#3 porous damaged or chemically treated hair requires a perm solution that is
- A.
High pH
- B.
More alkaline
- C.
Stronger
- D.
Less alkaline
Correct Answer
D. Less alkalineExplanation
Porous, damaged, or chemically treated hair is already in a weakened state, so using a perm solution that is less alkaline would be ideal. A less alkaline perm solution will be gentler on the hair, minimizing further damage and reducing the risk of over-processing. It will help to maintain the hair's integrity and prevent excessive breakage.Rate this question:
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- 3.
#4 changing the natural wave pattern of the hair is made possible by the breaking of the
- A.
Side bonds
- B.
Peptide bonds
- C.
End bonds
- D.
Polypeptide chains
Correct Answer
A. Side bondsExplanation
The correct answer is side bonds. Side bonds are responsible for the natural wave pattern of the hair. By breaking these side bonds, the hair can be chemically treated or styled to change its natural wave pattern. Peptide bonds are responsible for the structure of proteins and are not related to hair waves. End bonds and polypeptide chains are not relevant to the natural wave pattern of the hair.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Of the three types of side bonds disufide bonds are the
- A.
Most easily broken
- B.
Strongest
- C.
Weakest
- D.
Most numerous
Correct Answer
B. StrongestExplanation
Disulfide bonds are the strongest type of side bonds among the three mentioned. These bonds are formed between two sulfur atoms in the hair's cortex and are responsible for the hair's strength and elasticity. Disulfide bonds can be broken and reformed through chemical processes such as perming or relaxing the hair. However, compared to the other types of side bonds (hydrogen bonds and salt bonds), disulfide bonds require more energy to break and are therefore considered the strongest.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Salt bonds are easily broken by
- A.
Water
- B.
Blow dryers
- C.
Changes in pH
- D.
High humidty
Correct Answer
C. Changes in pHExplanation
Salt bonds are formed between positively and negatively charged ions in a molecule. These bonds are relatively weak and can be easily broken by changes in pH. When the pH of a solution changes, it affects the charge distribution in the molecule, causing the salt bonds to break. This disrupts the structure and stability of the molecule. Water, blow dryers, and high humidity do not directly affect salt bonds.Rate this question:
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- 6.
#7 an example of a physical change is a
- A.
Chemical relaxing
- B.
Soft curl permanent
- C.
Permanent wave
- D.
Wet set
Correct Answer
D. Wet setExplanation
A wet set is an example of a physical change because it involves temporarily altering the shape or texture of the hair using water and styling products, without permanently changing the chemical composition of the hair. Chemical relaxing, soft curl permanent, and permanent wave, on the other hand, involve chemical processes that permanently change the structure of the hair, making them examples of chemical changes.Rate this question:
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- 7.
#8 hydrogen bonds aee very weak but they account for about _____of the hairs total strength
- A.
1/2
- B.
1/3
- C.
1/4
- D.
1/6
Correct Answer
B. 1/3Explanation
Hydrogen bonds are weak chemical bonds that occur between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen. These bonds play a crucial role in the structure and strength of hair. While they are individually weak, the large number of hydrogen bonds present in a hair strand collectively contribute to its overall strength. The correct answer, 1/3, suggests that hydrogen bonds account for approximately one-third of the total strength of a hair strand.Rate this question:
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- 8.
#12 when treated with chemical texture services coarse hair is usually
- A.
Easier to process
- B.
More susceptible to damage
- C.
Harder to penetrate
- D.
More fragile
Correct Answer
C. Harder to penetrateExplanation
Coarse hair has a larger diameter and a thicker cuticle layer compared to fine hair. When treated with chemical texture services, the thick cuticle layer of coarse hair makes it more difficult for the chemicals to penetrate and alter the hair's structure. Therefore, the correct answer is "harder to penetrate."Rate this question:
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- 9.
#13 the hair texture that is most fragile and easiest to process with permanent waving solution is
- A.
Fine hair
- B.
Porous hair
- C.
Medium hair
- D.
Coarse hair
Correct Answer
A. Fine hairExplanation
Fine hair is the correct answer because it is the hair texture that is most fragile and easiest to process with a permanent waving solution. Fine hair has a smaller diameter and is more delicate compared to other hair textures, making it more susceptible to damage and easier to manipulate with chemical treatments like permanent waving. The smaller size of the hair shaft allows the solution to penetrate more easily, resulting in a more effective and long-lasting curl.Rate this question:
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- 10.
#20 wrapping the hair on small tools increases the
- A.
Tension
- B.
Curl size
- C.
Side bonds broken
- D.
Hydrogen bonds broken
Correct Answer
A. TensionExplanation
Wrapping the hair on small tools increases the tension. When hair is wrapped tightly around small tools, such as curling rods or rollers, it creates tension on the hair strands. This tension helps to reshape the hair and create curls or waves. The tighter the wrapping and the more tension applied, the smaller the curl size will be. Therefore, increasing tension by wrapping the hair on small tools results in smaller curl sizes.Rate this question:
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- 11.
#24 the hair is wrapped at an angle 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section
- A.
Half off base placement
- B.
On base placement
- C.
Cross base placement
- D.
Off base placement
Correct Answer
B. On base placementExplanation
On base placement refers to wrapping the hair around the base section at a 45-degree angle beyond perpendicular. This technique creates maximum lift and volume at the base, making it ideal for creating height and body in hairstyles. It involves wrapping the hair tightly around the base, resulting in a more secure and longer-lasting style.Rate this question:
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- 12.
#30 in spiral perm wrapping technique the hair is wrapped
- A.
In overlapping layers
- B.
At a perpendicular angle
- C.
At an angle other than perpendicular
- D.
From ends to scalp only
Correct Answer
C. At an angle other than perpendicularExplanation
In spiral perm wrapping technique, the hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular. This means that the hair is not wrapped straight up and down, but rather at a diagonal or slanted angle. This technique helps to create spiral-shaped curls that have more movement and volume. By wrapping the hair at an angle, it allows the curls to have a more natural and flowing appearance.Rate this question:
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- 13.
#39 Permanent waving solution breaks the disuflide bonds in the cortex through a chemical reaction called
- A.
Subtraction
- B.
Hydrogenation
- C.
Reduction
- D.
Oxidation
Correct Answer
C. ReductionExplanation
Permanent waving solution breaks the disulfide bonds in the cortex through a chemical reaction called reduction. Reduction involves the gain of electrons or the loss of oxygen, and in this context, it refers to the breaking of the disulfide bonds by adding hydrogen atoms. This process allows the hair to be reshaped and set into a new form. Subtraction, hydrogenation, and oxidation are not the correct terms for this chemical reaction.Rate this question:
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- 14.
#40 in permanent waving solutions thiol compounds act as
- A.
Reducing agents
- B.
Oxidizing agents
- C.
Neutralizing agents
- D.
Alkalizing agents
Correct Answer
A. Reducing agentsExplanation
Thiol compounds in permanent waving solutions act as reducing agents. Reducing agents are substances that donate electrons to another substance, causing it to be reduced. In the context of permanent waving solutions, thiol compounds help to break the disulfide bonds in the hair, allowing it to be reshaped. By donating electrons, thiol compounds reduce the disulfide bonds, making the hair more flexible and able to be curled or waved. This is why thiol compounds are used as reducing agents in permanent waving solutions.Rate this question:
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- 15.
#41 ammonium thioglycolate is produced by adding ___ to thioglycolic acid
- A.
Alcohol
- B.
Neutralizer
- C.
Hydrogen peroxide
- D.
Ammonia
Correct Answer
D. AmmoniaExplanation
Ammonium thioglycolate is produced by adding ammonia to thioglycolic acid. Ammonia reacts with thioglycolic acid to form ammonium thioglycolate.Rate this question:
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- 16.
#44 most of the acid waves in todays salons have a pH between
- A.
6.5 tp 7.0
- B.
7.8 and 8.2
- C.
7.0 to 9.6
- D.
4.5 to 7.0
Correct Answer
B. 7.8 and 8.2 -
- 17.
#45 permanent waves that require heat from an outside source usually a hair dryer are called
- A.
Acid balanced
- B.
Alkaline
- C.
Endothermic
- D.
Exothermic
Correct Answer
C. EndothermicExplanation
Permanent waves that require heat from an outside source, usually a hair dryer, are called endothermic. This is because the term "endothermic" refers to a chemical reaction or process that absorbs heat from the surroundings. In the context of permanent waves, the heat from the hair dryer is necessary to activate the chemicals in the solution and create the desired curl or wave pattern in the hair. Therefore, the correct answer is endothermic.Rate this question:
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- 18.
#47 in permanent waving most most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair within the first
- A.
5 to 10 min
- B.
3 to 5 min
- C.
15 to 30 min
- D.
10 to 15 min
Correct Answer
A. 5 to 10 minExplanation
In permanent waving, the processing time refers to the duration for which the solution is left on the hair to achieve the desired curl or wave. The correct answer, "5 to 10 min," suggests that most of the processing occurs within this time frame. This indicates that the solution effectively penetrates the hair and initiates the chemical reaction required for permanent waving within the first 5 to 10 minutes.Rate this question:
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- 19.
#52 the chemical reaction involved in neutralizing is
- A.
Hydrogenation
- B.
Activating
- C.
Oxidation
- D.
Reduction
Correct Answer
C. OxidationExplanation
The correct answer is oxidation because neutralization reactions typically involve the transfer of electrons from one species to another. In oxidation, there is a loss of electrons, which results in an increase in the oxidation state of the species involved. This process is often associated with the addition of oxygen or the removal of hydrogen. In the context of neutralization, oxidation can occur when an acid reacts with a base, resulting in the formation of water and a salt.Rate this question:
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- 20.
#55 after rinsing out a perm solution from the hair the next step is to
- A.
Remove rods
- B.
Apply more waving solution
- C.
Blot the rod with the towels
- D.
Apply neutralizer
Correct Answer
C. Blot the rod with the towelsExplanation
After rinsing out a perm solution from the hair, the next step is to blot the rod with the towels. This is done to remove excess moisture from the hair and ensure that the perm solution is fully absorbed. Blotting helps in setting the curls and allowing them to take shape properly. It also helps in preventing any dripping or running of the solution, which could lead to uneven results. Once the rods are blotted, the hair can then be further styled or the neutralizer can be applied to complete the perming process.Rate this question:
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- 21.
#56 an opional step after blotting the hair and before applying neutralizer is to
- A.
Apply a preneutralizing conditner
- B.
Wash hair with gentle shampoo
- C.
Rinse a 2nd time
- D.
Apply protective cream
Correct Answer
A. Apply a preneutralizing conditnerExplanation
After blotting the hair, applying a preneutralizing conditioner is an optional step before applying the neutralizer. This conditioner helps to restore the hair's pH balance and prepare it for the neutralizer. It can also help to minimize any potential damage caused by the neutralizer.Rate this question:
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- 22.
#57 the hydrogen atoms in the broken disuslfide bonds are so strongly attracted to the oxygen in the neutralizer that they release their bond with the
- A.
Sulfur atoms
- B.
Nitrogen atoms
- C.
Salt bond
- D.
Sodium
Correct Answer
A. Sulfur atomsExplanation
When disulfide bonds break, the hydrogen atoms in them are highly attracted to the oxygen in the neutralizer. As a result, they release their bond with the sulfur atoms.Rate this question:
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- 23.
#59 it is safe to perm hair that
- A.
Has been colored with metallic haircolor
- B.
Has been treated with hydrixode relaxer
- C.
Shows signs of breakage
- D.
Has been treated with thio relaxer
Correct Answer
D. Has been treated with thio relaxerExplanation
It is safe to perm hair that has been treated with thio relaxer because thio relaxers are compatible with perm solutions. Thio relaxers and perm solutions both work by breaking down the protein structure in the hair, allowing it to be reshaped. Therefore, if the hair has already been treated with a thio relaxer, it is already in a weakened state and can safely undergo a perm. However, it is important to note that perming hair that shows signs of breakage may further damage the hair and should be avoided.Rate this question:
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- 24.
#63 the perm wrap that creates a movement that curves within sectioned out panels is the
- A.
Weave technique
- B.
Straight perm wrap
- C.
Bricklay perm wrap
- D.
Curvature perm wrap
Correct Answer
D. Curvature perm wrapExplanation
The correct answer is the curvature perm wrap. This technique creates a movement that curves within sectioned out panels, resulting in a more natural and flowing look. The other options, such as the weave technique, straight perm wrap, and bricklay perm wrap, do not specifically involve creating a curved movement within sectioned out panels.Rate this question:
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- 25.
#62 the test for metallic salts in the hair immerse at least 20 strands in a mixture of peroxide and
- A.
Thio
- B.
Bleach
- C.
Alcohol
- D.
Ammonia
Correct Answer
D. AmmoniaExplanation
Ammonia is the correct answer because it is commonly used in the test for metallic salts in the hair. When at least 20 strands of hair are immersed in a mixture of peroxide and ammonia, the ammonia helps to break down the metallic salts present in the hair, allowing them to be detected. This test is often used in forensic analysis to determine if someone has been in contact with certain metals or substances.Rate this question:
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- 26.
#67 to determine the proper processing time needed for opitmal curl development you should do
- A.
Preliminary test curls
- B.
A strand test
- C.
An elasticity test
- D.
A patch test
Correct Answer
A. Preliminary test curlsExplanation
To determine the proper processing time needed for optimal curl development, it is important to conduct preliminary test curls. This involves applying the curling product to a small section of hair and leaving it for a specific amount of time. By observing the results, such as the level of curl achieved and the condition of the hair, one can determine the ideal processing time for the desired outcome. This test helps to avoid over-processing or under-processing the hair, ensuring the best results.Rate this question:
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- 27.
#70 chemical hair relaxing is very similar to
- A.
Permanent haircoloring
- B.
Permanent waving
- C.
Hair pressing
- D.
Thermal waving
Correct Answer
B. Permanent wavingExplanation
Chemical hair relaxing involves the use of chemicals to straighten curly or tightly coiled hair. This process is very similar to permanent waving, which is used to create curls or waves in straight hair. Both methods involve the use of chemicals to alter the structure of the hair, resulting in a semi-permanent or permanent change in its texture. On the other hand, permanent haircoloring and hair pressing are different processes that do not involve chemical alteration of the hair's structure.Rate this question:
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- 28.
#72 most relaxers contain the same ingredients used in
- A.
Permanent haircolors
- B.
Temporary haircolors
- C.
Depilatories
- D.
Epilators
Correct Answer
B. Temporary haircolorsExplanation
Most relaxers contain the same ingredients used in temporary haircolors. This is because both relaxers and temporary haircolors require chemicals that can alter the structure of the hair. Relaxers are used to straighten curly or kinky hair, while temporary haircolors are used to add temporary color to the hair. The ingredients in both products help to break down the protein bonds in the hair, allowing for the desired effect. Therefore, it makes sense for most relaxers to contain the same ingredients as temporary haircolors.Rate this question:
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- 29.
#75 thio relaxers
- A.
Have pH above 10
- B.
Use less ATG than in perming
- C.
Harden the hair
- D.
Do not use reducing agent
Correct Answer
A. Have pH above 10Explanation
Thio relaxers have a pH above 10 because the high pH is necessary to break the disulfide bonds in the hair. These bonds are responsible for the hair's natural shape and texture. By raising the pH, the thio relaxer can penetrate the hair shaft and break these bonds, allowing the hair to be reshaped. The high pH also helps to soften the hair and make it more manageable.Rate this question:
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- 30.
#77 hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond and convert it into a lanthionine bond in a process
- A.
Reduction
- B.
Neutralization
- C.
Lanthionization
- D.
Oxidation
Correct Answer
C. LanthionizationExplanation
Lanthionization is the correct answer because hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond and convert it into a lanthionine bond. This process involves the replacement of a sulfur atom with a lanthionine molecule, resulting in the straightening or relaxing of the hair. Reduction, neutralization, and oxidation are not accurate descriptions of this specific process.Rate this question:
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- 31.
#79 the neutralization of hydroxide relaxers involves the use of
- A.
Oxidizing neutralizer
- B.
Acid balanced shampoo
- C.
High pH shampoo
- D.
Hydrogen peroxide
Correct Answer
B. Acid balanced shampooExplanation
The neutralization of hydroxide relaxers involves the use of an acid balanced shampoo. Hydroxide relaxers are highly alkaline and can cause damage to the hair and scalp if not properly neutralized. Acid balanced shampoos help to restore the pH balance of the hair and scalp, ensuring that any remaining alkaline residue from the relaxer is neutralized. This helps to prevent further damage and maintain the health and integrity of the hair.Rate this question:
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- 32.
#80 if you hae treated a clients hair with a hydroxide relaxer it cannot be treated with
- A.
Future hydroxide relaxers
- B.
Thermal waving
- C.
Soft curl permanents
- D.
Permanent haircolor
Correct Answer
C. Soft curl permanentsExplanation
If a client's hair has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer, it cannot be treated with soft curl permanents. This is because hydroxide relaxers chemically alter the hair structure by breaking the disulfide bonds, resulting in straightened hair. Soft curl permanents, on the other hand, are designed to create curls or waves in the hair. Since the hair has already been chemically straightened with a hydroxide relaxer, using a soft curl permanent may not produce the desired results and could potentially cause damage to the hair.Rate this question:
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- 33.
#84 chemcial relaxers marketed as mild alternative relaxers are
- A.
Guanidine hydroxide relaxer
- B.
Sodium hydroxide relaxer
- C.
Lithium hydroxide relaxer
- D.
Low pH relaxer
Correct Answer
D. Low pH relaxerExplanation
A low pH relaxer is considered a mild alternative to other chemical relaxers because it has a lower pH level, which means it is less harsh and damaging to the hair. The lower pH helps to keep the hair's natural moisture balance intact, reducing the risk of over-processing and damage. This type of relaxer is often recommended for individuals with sensitive scalps or those who want a gentler option for straightening their hair.Rate this question:
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- 34.
#86 the application for virgin relaxer begins
- A.
1/4 to 1/2 away from the scalp
- B.
Along the entire strand
- C.
At the scalp
- D.
At the growth
Correct Answer
A. 1/4 to 1/2 away from the scalpExplanation
The correct answer is 1/4 to 1/2 away from the scalp. This means that when applying the virgin relaxer, it should be applied to the hair starting 1/4 to 1/2 inch away from the scalp. This allows for the relaxer to be evenly distributed along the entire strand of hair, ensuring that the hair is relaxed uniformly. Applying the relaxer directly at the scalp or at the growth may result in uneven or inconsistent results.Rate this question:
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- 35.
#88 normalizing solutions are conditioners with an acidic pH that are used in a relaxing proceduce
- A.
Prior to shampooing
- B.
Before applying relaxer
- C.
After shampooing
- D.
Before rinsing out relaxer
Correct Answer
A. Prior to shampooingExplanation
The correct answer is "prior to shampooing." Normalizing solutions are used in a relaxing procedure before shampooing the hair. They are conditioners with an acidic pH that help to restore the hair's natural pH balance after the relaxing process. By using the normalizing solution before shampooing, it helps to prepare the hair for the shampooing step and ensures that the hair is properly cleansed and conditioned.Rate this question:
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- 36.
#92 a jheri curl or soft curl permanent is a combo of a thio relaxer and
- A.
Thermal waving
- B.
A hydroxide perm
- C.
A hydroxide relaxer
- D.
Athio perm
Correct Answer
D. Athio permExplanation
An athio perm is a combination of a thio relaxer and thermal waving. Thio relaxers are used to break and reshape the disulfide bonds in the hair, allowing it to be molded into a new shape. Thermal waving involves using heat to set the hair in the desired style. Therefore, an athio perm combines the use of a thio relaxer and thermal waving to achieve the jheri curl or soft curl permanent hairstyle.Rate this question:
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- 37.
#95 you should not attempt to remove more than ____ of the natural curl with chemical relaxing
- A.
50%
- B.
80%
- C.
30%
- D.
70%
Correct Answer
B. 80%Explanation
When using chemical relaxing to remove the natural curl of hair, it is important not to remove too much of the curl. Removing more than 80% of the natural curl can lead to excessive straightening and potential damage to the hair. It is crucial to maintain some level of natural curl in order to preserve the hair's health and prevent it from becoming overly straight or weakened.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 15, 2011Quiz Created by
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