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O latim é a língua usada para a nomenclatura científica dos seres vivos.
A.
Verdadeiro
B.
Falso
Correct Answer
A. Verdadeiro
Explanation The statement is true because Latin is indeed used for the scientific naming of living organisms. This practice is known as binomial nomenclature, and it was developed by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century. Latin was chosen as the language for scientific names because it is a dead language, meaning it is no longer spoken as a native language by any community. This ensures that the scientific names remain stable and universally understood across different languages and cultures.
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4.
Considere:I. Homo erectus.II. Homo sapiens.Podemos dizer que os indivíduos acima pertencem:
Explanation Os indivÃduos acima pertencem ao mesmo gênero porque ambos são classificados como Homo, indicando que são membros do gênero Homo.
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5.
Considere os quatro nomes científicos a seguir relacionados.1. 'Lystrophis dorbignyi'2. 'Didelphis albiventris'3. 'Didelphis marsupialis'Em relação a eles, é CORRETO afirmar que
Explanation The correct answer is that taxa 2 and 3 are different species but of the same genus. This is because the scientific names "Didelphis albiventris" and "Didelphis marsupialis" both belong to the genus "Didelphis", indicating that they are closely related and share a common ancestor. However, they are different species within that genus, as indicated by the specific epithets "albiventris" and "marsupialis".
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6.
Deve-se a Lineu a regra de nomenclatura binominal para identificar cada organismo. Nesta regra, entre outras recomendações, fica estabelecido que devemos escrever:
Procarionte, eucarionte, protista, animal e vegetal
C.
Protista, alga, protozoário, plantae e animalia
D.
Monera, protista, fungi, plantae e animalia.
Correct Answer
D. Monera, protista, fungi, plantae e animalia.
Explanation The correct answer groups living organisms into five biological kingdoms: monera, protista, fungi, plantae, and animalia. This classification system separates organisms based on their cellular structure, mode of nutrition, and other characteristics. The monera kingdom includes prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria. The protista kingdom consists of eukaryotic organisms that do not fit into the other kingdoms, such as algae and protozoa. Fungi are a separate kingdom that includes organisms like mushrooms and yeast. The plantae kingdom includes plants, while the animalia kingdom includes animals.
Explanation The correct answer is Fungo Orelha de Pau. This is because Fungo Orelha de Pau is a type of fungus, which belongs to the kingdom Fungi. Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by decomposing organic matter in their environment. The other options, Pantera, Abacateiro, and Goiabeira, are not fungi but rather refer to a type of animal (Panther), a type of tree (Avocado tree), and a type of fruit tree (Guava tree), respectively.
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11.
É um ser vivo do reino plantae:
A.
Onça
B.
Peixe
C.
Tomateiro
D.
CianofÃceas
Correct Answer
C. Tomateiro
Explanation The correct answer is "Tomateiro" because it is a plant and belongs to the plant kingdom, also known as "Plantae". The other options, such as "Onça" (jaguar), "Peixe" (fish), and "CianofÃceas" (cyanobacteria), do not belong to the plant kingdom.
Explanation The correct answer is that the category of genus is superior to species. In the classification system of living organisms, genus is a higher taxonomic rank than species. Genus represents a group of closely related species that share common characteristics, while species refers to a specific type of organism that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. The hierarchy in the classification system goes from kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, to species. Therefore, the statement is correct.
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14.
O Museu Emílio Goeldi abriga centenas de animais da fauna amazônica, acessíveis à visitação pública. Lá podemos apreciar a graciosidade do macaco aranha Ateles paniscus. De acordo com a classificação de Lineu (1758), o nome científico desse macaco refere:
Explanation The individuals Homo erectus, Homo sapiens, and Homo sapiens neanderthalensis belong to the same genus. This is because they are all classified under the genus Homo, which is a taxonomic rank higher than species but lower than family or class.
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16.
“Após os atentados terroristas de 11 de setembro de 2001 ao World Trade Center (Nova Iorque) e ao Pentágono (Washington), os norte-americanos estão atentos aos ataques com armas bacteriológicas. Casos de contaminação por antraz em vários estados americanos estão sendo investigados. Em 1984, os Estados Unidos também sofreram um ataque de terrorismo biológico, quando os seguidores de uma seita contaminaram um grande número de pessoas com salmonela em uma cidade do Estado de Oregon”. Os organismos utilizados como armas na guerra bacteriológica citados acima pertencem ao reino:
A.
Fungi.
B.
Protista.
C.
Monera.
D.
Plantae.
Correct Answer
C. Monera.
Explanation The correct answer is Monera. Monera is a kingdom that includes bacteria, which are single-celled organisms that can be used as biological weapons. The question mentions cases of contamination by anthrax and a previous terrorist attack where a large number of people were contaminated with salmonella. Both anthrax and salmonella are bacteria, which belong to the kingdom Monera.
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17.
Dois seres vivos pertencentes à mesma ordem são necessariamente:
Explanation Two living beings belonging to the same order are necessarily of the same class. In biological classification, organisms are grouped into a hierarchical system that includes kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. The class is a higher taxonomic rank than the order, so if two organisms belong to the same order, they must also belong to the same class.
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18.
Qual dos seguintes grupos inclui organismos mais relacionados entre si?