Semester (Science, English, Maths) 7-8 2019

Sulphur Dioxide is a compound because it is formed by the combination of two elements, sulphur and oxygen. It has a chemical formula of SO2, indicating that it consists of one sulphur atom and two oxygen atoms. Compounds are substances composed of two or more different elements chemically bonded together, which is the case for sulphur dioxide.

In a liquid, the particles are arranged irregularly and less tightly packed, allowing them to move freely. Unlike in a solid where the particles are tightly packed and fixed in position, the particles in a liquid have more space between them and can move around more easily. This explains why liquids can flow and take the shape of their container.

The question asks which country was named after an element. The given options are Lithuania, Argentina, Canada, and Brazil. The correct answer is Argentina because it was named after the element silver. This is a common practice in chemistry, where elements are often named after countries or other significant entities. In this case, Argentina was named after the element silver, not Lithuania, Canada, or Brazil.

Xerography, also known as xerography, is a technology of photocopying documents and visual images. It was developed by Charles Floyd Carlson, an American physicist and inventor, in 1938 and patented in 1942. Xerography is widely used today in laser and LED printers as well as in photocopying machines worldwide.

The given answer is "MICROPROCESSOR, microprocessor". The explanation for this answer is that the term "CECSROMIPROSOR" is likely a scrambled version of the word "MICROPROCESSOR". A microprocessor is the central controlling unit of most digital devices, computers, and workstations. It was introduced in the 1970s and has since experienced continuous growth in power and operational speed. Therefore, "MICROPROCESSOR, microprocessor" is the correct answer based on the given information.

Antoine de Saint-Exupery wrote, "... You are the greatest wealth in the world..." about water.

Niels Bohr is the correct answer because he studied the structure of atoms and proposed the model in which atoms have a positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that orbit around it, similar to the way planets orbit the sun in our solar system. This model became known as the Bohr model and was a significant contribution to the field of atomic physics.

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Benjamin Franklin is the correct answer because he was a politician and civic activist who was also a scientist and inventor. He is well-known for his work with electricity and his inventions such as the lightning rod, bifocals, and odometer. Marie Curie was a scientist known for her work in radioactivity, not electricity. Thomas Edison was an inventor known for his work in the field of electricity, but he was not a politician or civic activist.

Albert Einstein is the correct answer because he is a physicist and mathematical genius who is best known for the theory of relativity and the equation E=mc2. This equation demonstrates the relationship between energy (E), mass (m), and the speed of light (c), and is one of the most famous equations in physics. Einstein's theory of relativity revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity, and he is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientific minds in history.

The correct answer is "to study." This is because the sentence is referring to Einstein's actions in the past, specifically his discoveries and contributions. The phrase "to study" indicates his purpose or intention during that time period.

Hydrogen is the chemical element that does not have a permanent residence in the Periodic System of Chemical Elements. This is because hydrogen, unlike other elements, does not fit neatly into any specific group or category in the periodic table. It has unique properties that make it difficult to classify, and its placement in the periodic table has been a subject of debate among scientists. Therefore, hydrogen is considered to not have a permanent residence in the periodic system.

Isaac Newton is the correct answer because he developed the theory of universal gravitation, which explains how the force that pulls two objects together depends on their masses. He also applied this theory to understand the positions of planets in the universe. Thomas Edison and Albert Einstein are not relevant to this explanation as they did not contribute to the theory of universal gravitation.

The given expression is a nested set of brackets with addition operations. Starting from the innermost set of brackets, we can simplify the expression step by step. By evaluating each set of brackets, we can calculate the value of the expression. Following this process, the value of the expression is found to be 127.

The total area of the walkways can be calculated by finding the perimeter of the arrangement of desks and then subtracting the area of the desks themselves. Each row of desks has a length of 6 meters and each desk has a width of 2 meters, so the perimeter of each row is (6+2+6+2) = 16 meters. Since there are three rows, the total perimeter is 3 * 16 = 48 meters. The walkways have a width of 1 meter, so the total area of the walkways is 48 * 1 = 48 square meters. However, this includes the area of the desks, so we need to subtract that. The area of each desk is 6 * 2 = 12 square meters, and since there are six desks, the total area of the desks is 6 * 12 = 72 square meters. Therefore, the total area of the walkways is 48 - 72 = 78 square meters.

The Nobel Prize is an international reward awarded in Sweden. The Nobel Prizes were established by the will of Alfred Nobel, a Swedish inventor, engineer, and industrialist, and they are awarded annually in recognition of outstanding achievements in various fields such as physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, peace, and economic sciences. The Nobel Prize ceremony takes place in Stockholm, Sweden, and is attended by members of the Swedish royal family and distinguished guests from around the world.

The Nobel Prize consists of a medal, a diploma, and a sum of money. This means that the recipients of the Nobel Prize not only receive recognition in the form of a medal and diploma, but they also receive a financial reward. This combination of tangible and intangible rewards makes the Nobel Prize highly prestigious and sought after in various fields of achievement.

The correct answer is "physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and for work in peace." This answer includes the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, and literature, which are commonly recognized as areas of outstanding achievement and contribution to society. Additionally, it mentions the award for work in peace, which acknowledges efforts towards promoting peace and resolving conflicts.

The ceremony is held on 10th December because Alfred Nobel died on that day. This date was chosen to commemorate his death and honor his legacy. Alfred Nobel was the inventor of dynamite and the founder of the Nobel Prizes, which are awarded annually in recognition of outstanding achievements in various fields. By holding the ceremony on the anniversary of his death, it serves as a reminder of his contributions to science and humanity.

Alfred Nobel's invention was connected with dynamite. Dynamite was a high explosive that Nobel invented in the late 19th century. It revolutionized the construction and mining industries, as it provided a safer and more efficient way to blast through rocks and mountains. Nobel's invention of dynamite made him a wealthy man and allowed him to establish the Nobel Prizes, which are awarded annually in recognition of outstanding achievements in various fields.

Marie Curie is the correct answer because she was the first person to be awarded two Nobel Prizes. She discovered the elements Radium and Polonium and made significant contributions to the theory of radioactivity. Thomas Edison and Albert Einstein were both renowned scientists, but they did not make these specific discoveries or contributions.

Galileo Galilei is the correct answer because he provided evidence for Copernicus' theory of heliocentrism, which states that the Sun is fixed in the center of our universe and the Earth and other planets revolve around it. Galileo's observations through his telescope, such as the phases of Venus and the moons of Jupiter, supported this heliocentric model and challenged the prevailing geocentric view of the universe. His work was significant in advancing our understanding of the solar system and revolutionizing the field of astronomy.

The Wright Brothers opened the Wright Cycle Shop in 1892. This is evident from the options provided, where the other options (Wright Bakery, Wright Mechanic, and Wright Printing Shop) do not align with historical records or the achievements of the Wright Brothers. The Wright Brothers were known for their work in aviation, particularly for inventing and building the world's first successful airplane. The establishment of the Wright Cycle Shop is significant because it served as their base for designing and building bicycles, which eventually led to their interest and expertise in aeronautics.

The Wright Brothers experimented with their flying in North Carolina. This location was chosen because it had consistent winds, sandy soil for soft landings, and a remote area for privacy. They conducted their experiments at Kitty Hawk, a small town on the Outer Banks of North Carolina, where they successfully achieved powered flight for the first time in history on December 17, 1903.

The unit of electric current is ampere (Amp). Ampere measures the rate at which electric charge flows in a circuit. It represents the amount of electric charge passing through a point in a circuit per unit time. Without electric current, electricity cannot flow and devices cannot function. Therefore, ampere is the correct unit for measuring electric current.

A light bulb is a device that converts electrical energy into light energy. When electricity flows through the filament of the light bulb, it heats up and emits light. This process is known as incandescence. Therefore, the correct answer is "Changes electrical energy into light energy."

The brothers used a new form of the wings in their plane. This suggests that they made changes to the shape or design of the wings, possibly to improve aerodynamics or stability. By using a different wing form, they were able to innovate and create a more efficient and effective aircraft.

The first flight lasted for 12 seconds. This indicates that the initial flight was very short in duration.

They received a patent for their flying machine. A patent is a legal document that grants exclusive rights to an inventor for their invention, preventing others from making, using, or selling the invention without permission. This indicates that their flying machine was recognized as a unique and innovative creation, worthy of protection and acknowledgement by the patent office.

Force is measured in Newtons. Newton is the unit of measurement for force in the International System of Units (SI). It is named after Sir Isaac Newton and is defined as the amount of force required to accelerate a one-kilogram mass by one meter per second squared. Joules, kilograms, and Pascals are not units of measurement for force.

On the Periodic Table, elements that are in the same vertical column are considered to be in the same group. Groups are also known as families and they have similar chemical properties. Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, which determines their reactivity and chemical behavior. Therefore, elements in the same group tend to exhibit similar characteristics and form similar compounds.

Elements in the same period have the same number of energy levels. The period number in the periodic table indicates the number of energy levels an element's atoms have. Each energy level can hold a specific number of electrons, and elements in the same period have the same number of energy levels, which determines their electronic configuration and chemical properties.

Hydrogen is the lightest element because it has the lowest atomic mass among the options given. It consists of only one proton and one electron, making it the simplest and lightest element in the periodic table. Helium, nitrogen, and neon all have higher atomic masses compared to hydrogen, making hydrogen the correct answer.

Jan Berzelius suggested using the initial letters of Latin names as symbols for chemical elements. The element symbol for tin is Sn, which comes from the Latin name "stannum".

Gold is the correct answer because it is one of the first metals known to man and has been valued for its rare beauty since ancient times. It is also known for its resistance to even the most aggressive acids, making it difficult to dissolve. Due to these qualities, it is often referred to as the "king of metals."

The symbol for mendelevium is Md because it is named after chemist Dmitri Mendeleev.

Silicon is an element because it is a chemical element with the atomic number 14 and symbol Si on the periodic table. It is a hard and brittle crystalline solid, and it is a fundamental building block of many minerals. Silicon is widely used in various industries, including electronics, as it is a semiconductor and has excellent thermal conductivity.

Iron is the correct answer because it is a chemical element that is found in the human body, particularly in the blood. It is estimated that the human body contains about 3 grams of iron, with 2 grams of it being in the blood. Iron has been used by prehistoric people as a material for tools since several millennia BC. Additionally, the Iron Age in human history is named after this element, further indicating its significance.

Galileo was not the first man to prove that planets, the sun, and the moon all circled around Earth. In fact, he was the one who provided evidence to support the heliocentric model, which states that the Earth and other planets revolve around the sun. This model was proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus. Galileo's observations using his telescope further supported this heliocentric view, challenging the prevailing geocentric belief that the Earth was at the center of the universe. Therefore, the statement that Galileo was the first to prove planets, the sun, and the moon circled around Earth is false.

Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879 and had difficulty communicating at a young age. Despite facing challenges, one of his teachers at the Luitpold Gymnasium told him that he would never achieve any success in his life. This suggests that the correct answer is "would never achieve," indicating that the teacher believed Einstein would not be successful in his future endeavors.

The statement is false because Galileo did not buy the most superior telescope in Holland. He actually built his own telescope, which was far superior to any other telescope at the time. Galileo's telescope allowed him to make groundbreaking astronomical observations and discoveries, such as the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus.

The correct answer is True. This is because teaching new theories is not a crime that warrants a life sentence in jail. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that there must have been other factors or crimes involved in his sentencing, such as the potential harm or danger posed by these theories, or other illegal activities that he may have been engaged in.

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This answer is correct because it is the only option that is grammatically correct. The question is asking if the person has ever wondered about something, so the correct phrase to use is "Have you ever wondered." The other options are not grammatically correct and do not fit the context of the question.

Iron is the correct answer because it is a metal commonly found in fallen meteorites. Meteorites are composed of various elements and minerals, and iron is one of the most abundant metals found in them. Iron is also found naturally on Earth and is a common element in the Earth's crust. Its presence in fallen meteorites further supports the idea that iron is a common metal in celestial bodies.

In a chemical reaction, new substances are made. This is because chemical reactions involve the rearrangement of atoms and molecules, resulting in the formation of different compounds. The reactants undergo a chemical transformation, leading to the creation of new products with different properties and compositions. This process is fundamental to the study of chemistry and is the basis for the production of various materials and substances in industries and everyday life.

Phosphorus is called the "element of life and thought" because it is an essential component of DNA, RNA, and ATP, which are all vital for life. It is also present in phospholipids, which are the main building blocks of cell membranes. Additionally, phosphorus plays a crucial role in energy transfer and storage within cells. In terms of thought, phosphorus is involved in the synthesis and release of neurotransmitters in the brain, which are responsible for transmitting signals between nerve cells. Therefore, phosphorus is closely associated with both the biological processes of life and the cognitive processes of thought.

Mendeleev can buy 1 flask for 1 RUB, 3 flasks for 2 RUB, and 5 flasks for 3 RUB. To maximize the number of flasks he can buy, he should buy as many 5-flask sets as possible. He can buy 2 sets of 5 flasks for a total of 6 RUB, leaving him with 2 RUB. With the remaining 2 RUB, he can buy 2 individual flasks. Therefore, the greatest number of flasks Mendeleev can buy for 8 RUB is 13.

Hydrogen is considered the most environmentally friendly fuel because it produces no greenhouse gas emissions when burned. When hydrogen is used in fuel cells, it combines with oxygen to produce electricity, and the only byproduct is water. This makes hydrogen a clean and sustainable energy source, with the potential to significantly reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change.