1.
Which of the following is not a function of the skin?
Correct Answer
D. LympH Production
Explanation
The skin is responsible for various functions, including sensation, hydration, and absorption. However, lymph production is not one of the functions of the skin. Lymph production is primarily carried out by the lymph nodes and lymphatic system, which play a crucial role in the immune system. The skin does not produce lymph but rather acts as a barrier and protective layer for the body.
2.
The outer layer of the skin is the _____.
Correct Answer
B. Epidermis
Explanation
The correct answer is Epidermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin. It is composed of multiple layers of cells and serves as a protective barrier against external factors such as bacteria, UV radiation, and chemicals. The epidermis also contains melanocytes which produce melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Additionally, the epidermis plays a role in regulating body temperature and preventing water loss.
3.
The _____ insulates the body.
Correct Answer
A. Subcutaneous Tissue
Explanation
The subcutaneous tissue is a layer of fat and connective tissue that lies beneath the skin. It acts as an insulator for the body, helping to regulate body temperature and protect internal organs.
4.
The acid mantle helps prevent _____.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
The acid mantle is a protective layer on the skin's surface that helps maintain its pH balance. This acidic barrier helps prevent the entry of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, which can cause infections. It also helps prevent the entry of dirt particles, which can clog pores and lead to acne. Additionally, the acid mantle helps to retain moisture in the skin, preventing dryness and chapping. Therefore, all of the given options are correct as the acid mantle plays a role in preventing all of these issues.
5.
The _____ is called the "true skin".
Correct Answer
C. Dermis
Explanation
The dermis is referred to as the "true skin" because it is the layer of skin that lies beneath the epidermis. It is responsible for providing structural support to the skin and contains important structures such as blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and sensory receptors. The dermis also plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature and protecting the body from external threats.
6.
Which of the following is not true about dark skin?
Correct Answer
A. It has more melanocytes.
Explanation
Dark skin has more melanin, which is the pigment responsible for the color of the skin. Melanocytes are the cells that produce melanin, and the amount of melanocytes in the skin is relatively the same regardless of skin color. Therefore, it is not true that dark skin has more melanocytes.
7.
_____ is a light tapping or slapping movement applied with the fingertips.
Correct Answer
B. Tapotement
Explanation
Tapotement is a technique in massage therapy that involves a light tapping or slapping movement applied with the fingertips. It is often used to stimulate and invigorate the muscles, increase circulation, and promote relaxation. This technique can help to relieve tension and improve overall well-being.
8.
A facial massage can _____.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
A facial massage can have multiple benefits such as increasing blood circulation to the skin, which helps deliver more oxygen and nutrients to the cells. It can also stimulate glandular activity, promoting the release of natural oils and improving the overall health of the skin. Additionally, a facial massage can improve the texture of the skin by promoting lymphatic drainage and reducing puffiness. Therefore, all of the given options are correct.
9.
The most popular method of permanent hair removal is _____.
Correct Answer
A. Thermolysis
Explanation
Thermolysis is the most popular method of permanent hair removal because it uses heat to destroy the hair follicles, preventing future hair growth. This method is quick, efficient, and relatively painless compared to other methods. It works by delivering a high-frequency current to the hair follicle, which generates heat and destroys the cells responsible for hair growth. Thermolysis is effective on all hair types and colors, making it a versatile option for permanent hair removal.
10.
A/An _____ face is characterized by a broad, straight forehead and hairline, with a broad jaw line.
Correct Answer
D. Square
Explanation
A square face is characterized by a broad, straight forehead and hairline, with a broad jawline. This means that the width of the forehead and jawline are relatively equal, giving the face a strong and angular appearance. The term "square" refers to the shape of the jawline, which is often more prominent and defined in individuals with this face shape.
11.
The stratum corneum is the ____ layer of the skin.
Correct Answer
B. Toughest
Explanation
The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the skin and acts as a protective barrier. It is composed of dead skin cells and is responsible for preventing water loss and protecting against external irritants. This layer is known to be tough and resilient, making it the toughest layer of the skin.
12.
In the _____ layer, the cells become irregularly shaped and have a spiny appearance.
Correct Answer
D. Stratum Spinosum
Explanation
The correct answer is Stratum Spinosum. In this layer of the skin, the cells undergo changes and become irregularly shaped with a spiny appearance. This layer is located above the Stratum Basale and below the Stratum Granulosum. The cells in the Stratum Spinosum are connected by desmosomes, which give them a spiny appearance when viewed under a microscope. These cells play a role in providing strength and support to the skin.
13.
The effects of the aging process can be seen in the skin's _____.
Correct Answer
A. Dermis
Explanation
The aging process affects the skin's dermis. The dermis is the layer of skin beneath the epidermis and is responsible for providing strength and elasticity to the skin. As we age, the dermis becomes thinner and loses its ability to produce collagen and elastin, resulting in wrinkles, sagging, and loss of firmness in the skin. Therefore, the effects of aging, such as wrinkles and sagging, can be seen in the dermis.
14.
The sudoriferous glands function to do all of the following except _____.
Correct Answer
A. Producing oil
Explanation
The sudoriferous glands, also known as sweat glands, have several functions including helping regulate body temperature, excreting waste, and helping to maintain the proper pH of the skin. However, they do not produce oil. Oil is produced by the sebaceous glands, which are different from the sudoriferous glands.
15.
The acid mantle is a mixture of oil and _____.
Correct Answer
D. Sweat
Explanation
The acid mantle is a protective layer on the surface of the skin that helps maintain its pH balance and protect against harmful bacteria. It is primarily composed of a mixture of oil and sweat. Sweat contains various substances like water, salt, and other minerals. Therefore, the correct answer is sweat.
16.
Light and dark skin differ in the _____.
Correct Answer
A. Rate and amount of melanin produced
Explanation
Light and dark skin differ in the rate and amount of melanin produced. Melanin is the pigment responsible for skin color, and individuals with darker skin produce more melanin than those with lighter skin. The rate at which melanin is produced also affects skin color, with higher rates resulting in darker skin tones. The number of melanocytes, which are the cells that produce melanin, and the number of epidermal cells may vary between individuals, but they do not directly determine the difference in skin color between light and dark skin.
17.
Overexposure to the sun can cause _____.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Overexposure to the sun can cause burning, wrinkling, and peeling. When the skin is exposed to excessive sunlight, it can lead to sunburn, which is characterized by redness, pain, and sometimes blistering. Prolonged sun exposure can also accelerate the aging process of the skin, causing wrinkles to develop. Additionally, sunburned skin may start to peel as it heals. Therefore, all of the mentioned effects can occur due to overexposure to the sun.
18.
The American Academy of Dermatology recommends a sunscreen of at least _____.
Correct Answer
B. 15 SPF
Explanation
The American Academy of Dermatology recommends a sunscreen of at least 15 SPF. This is because SPF (Sun Protection Factor) measures the level of protection against UVB rays, which are responsible for sunburns. A sunscreen with 15 SPF blocks about 93% of UVB rays, providing a good level of protection. Higher SPF values offer slightly more protection, but the difference becomes marginal above 30 SPF. Therefore, 15 SPF is considered the minimum recommended level for effective sun protection.
19.
Visible symptoms are called _____.
Correct Answer
C. Objective
Explanation
Visible symptoms are called "objective" because they can be observed and measured by others. Unlike subjective symptoms, which are based on personal experiences and feelings, objective symptoms are tangible and can be confirmed by multiple individuals. In the context of this question, the term "objective" refers to symptoms that are outwardly visible and can be objectively assessed by healthcare professionals or other observers.
20.
Petrissage is a _____.
Correct Answer
B. Light or heavy kneading, rolling of the muscle
Explanation
Petrissage refers to a massage technique that involves kneading and rolling of the muscles. It can be performed with varying degrees of pressure, ranging from light to heavy. This technique helps to increase blood flow, relax muscles, and improve flexibility.
21.
____ have many different benefits, which include hydration, tightening of the poors, and reduction of excess oil.
Correct Answer
B. Facial masks
Explanation
Facial masks have many different benefits such as hydration, tightening of the pores, and reduction of excess oil. When applied to the skin, facial masks provide deep hydration, helping to nourish and moisturize the skin. They also contain ingredients that can help to tighten the pores, making them appear smaller and less noticeable. Additionally, facial masks often have oil-absorbing properties, which can help to reduce excess oil on the skin, leading to a more balanced complexion. Overall, facial masks are a great addition to a skincare routine, offering multiple benefits for healthier, more radiant skin.
22.
____ colors seem to advance, making features or areas appear larger or more prominent.
Correct Answer
A. Lighter
Explanation
Lighter colors have the tendency to advance, meaning they appear closer to the viewer. This optical illusion can create the perception of larger or more prominent features or areas. In contrast, darker colors tend to recede, making them appear further away. Complimentary colors, which are opposite each other on the color wheel, do not necessarily have an effect on the advancement or recession of features. Therefore, the correct answer is "Lighter."
23.
Oily skin is usually characterized by _____.
Correct Answer
B. All over shiny look
Explanation
Oily skin is usually characterized by an all over shiny look. This is because the sebaceous glands in the skin produce excess oil, known as sebum, which gives the skin a shiny appearance. Oily skin can also be prone to acne and enlarged pores due to the excess oil production.
24.
You shed approx. ___ cells daily.
Correct Answer
A. 5 billion
Explanation
On average, a person sheds approximately 5 billion cells daily. This is because our skin cells constantly regenerate and shed off as new cells are produced. The shedding of cells is a natural process that helps to keep our skin healthy and renew itself.
25.
Sensory nerve fibers in the skin react to _____.
Correct Answer
B. Cold temperatures
Explanation
Sensory nerve fibers in the skin react to cold temperatures. These nerve fibers are responsible for transmitting signals from the skin to the brain, allowing us to feel and perceive cold sensations. When cold temperatures are detected by these nerve fibers, they send electrical signals to the brain, which then interprets this information as the sensation of cold.
26.
Eye tabbing involves ____.
Correct Answer
D. Applying individual lashes
Explanation
Eye tabbing involves applying individual lashes. This technique is used to enhance the appearance of the eyelashes by adding individual extensions to each natural lash. Unlike strip eyelashes, which are applied across the entire lash line, eye tabbing focuses on adding extensions to specific lashes, resulting in a more natural and customizable look. Tinting eyelashes involves coloring the natural lashes to make them appear darker. Removing artificial lashes refers to taking off any previously applied false lashes.
27.
The ____ produces sweat.
Correct Answer
B. Sudoriferous glands
Explanation
Sudoriferous glands are responsible for producing sweat. These glands are found all over the body and play a crucial role in regulating body temperature. Sweat is composed mainly of water, along with electrolytes and other substances. It is released through the pores of the skin when the body needs to cool down, such as during physical activity or when the surrounding temperature is high. Sebaceous glands, on the other hand, produce sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the skin and hair. Eccrine glands are a type of sudoriferous gland that is responsible for producing sweat that helps regulate body temperature. Scarf skin is not a term related to sweat production.
28.
The ____ prevents the skin from drying or chapping.
Correct Answer
C. Acid mantle
Explanation
The acid mantle refers to the thin, protective layer on the surface of the skin that helps maintain its pH balance and prevents the skin from drying or chapping. It is composed of a combination of sebum, sweat, and natural skin oils, which create a slightly acidic environment that inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria and fungi. This protective barrier also helps to retain moisture in the skin, keeping it hydrated and healthy.
29.
Nerves for the skin are found in the ____.
Correct Answer
B. Subcutaneous layer
Explanation
The subcutaneous layer is the correct answer because it contains nerves that are responsible for transmitting sensations from the skin to the brain. This layer is located beneath the dermis and consists of fat cells, blood vessels, and nerves. The nerves in the subcutaneous layer play a crucial role in detecting touch, temperature, and pain, making it an essential part of the sensory system in the skin.
30.
A facial massage cannot ____.
Correct Answer
A. Decrease circulation of blood supply to the skin
Explanation
A facial massage cannot decrease circulation of blood supply to the skin because massage techniques involve applying pressure and manipulating the muscles and tissues, which in turn increases blood flow and circulation to the area. Therefore, it is not possible for a facial massage to have a negative effect on blood supply to the skin.
31.
Cleansing lotion removes ____.
Correct Answer
C. Impurities from the skin
Explanation
Cleansing lotion is designed to remove impurities from the skin. It does so by using various ingredients such as enzymes and alphahydroxy acids, which help to break down and remove dead skin cells. While a granular product can also be used to exfoliate and remove dead skin cells, the use of enzymes and alphahydroxy acids in cleansing lotion provides a gentler and more effective way to cleanse the skin and remove impurities. Therefore, the correct answer is that cleansing lotion removes impurities from the skin.
32.
Squamous cells are found in the ___ layer of the skin.
Correct Answer
C. Stratum lucidum
Explanation
The stratum lucidum is the correct answer because squamous cells are found in this layer of the skin. The stratum lucidum is a thin, translucent layer of the epidermis that is found only in certain areas of the body, such as the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. Squamous cells are flat, scale-like cells that make up the majority of the epidermis, and they are particularly abundant in the stratum lucidum.
33.
On the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet only, there is another skin layer that is called the stratum ____.
Correct Answer
C. Lucidum
Explanation
The correct answer is lucidum because the stratum lucidum is a thin, clear layer of skin found only on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. It is located between the stratum granulosum and the stratum corneum. This layer of skin helps to provide additional protection and support to these areas of the body, which are subjected to constant pressure and friction.
34.
In seborrhea, the appearance of the skin is ____.
Correct Answer
B. Oily and shiny
Explanation
In seborrhea, the skin produces excessive amounts of sebum, which is an oily substance. This leads to the skin appearing oily and shiny.
35.
After hte massage cream has been removed, the face should be sponged with a/an ____.
Correct Answer
C. Toner
Explanation
After the massage cream has been removed, the face should be sponged with a toner. Toner helps to remove any remaining residue from the cream, as well as any dirt or impurities that may be left on the skin. It also helps to balance the pH levels of the skin, tighten the pores, and prepare the skin for further skincare products or treatments. Using a toner after removing the cream ensures that the skin is clean, refreshed, and ready for the next steps in the skincare routine.
36.
The toughest layer of the epidermis is the ____.
Correct Answer
C. Stratum corneum
Explanation
The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis and is composed of dead skin cells that are constantly shed and replaced. It acts as a protective barrier against environmental factors such as UV radiation, chemicals, and pathogens. This layer is tough and provides strength and durability to the skin, making it the toughest layer of the epidermis.
37.
A disease lasting a long time is described as ____.
Correct Answer
C. Chronic
Explanation
A disease lasting a long time is described as chronic. Chronic diseases are characterized by their long duration and slow progression. They often require ongoing medical attention and management. Unlike acute diseases, which have a sudden onset and short duration, chronic diseases can last for months or even years. Examples of chronic diseases include diabetes, heart disease, and arthritis.
38.
The major effects of the skin's aging take place in the dermis.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The dermis is the second layer of the skin and is responsible for providing support and elasticity. As we age, the dermis undergoes various changes such as a decrease in collagen and elastin production, leading to the formation of wrinkles, sagging skin, and loss of firmness. Additionally, the dermis also houses blood vessels, nerves, and sweat glands, which can also be affected by the aging process. Therefore, it can be concluded that the major effects of skin aging occur in the dermis.
39.
The seven basic functions of the skin are sensation, hydration, absorption, regulation, ____, excretion, and respiration.
Correct Answer
A. Protection
Explanation
The skin serves as a protective barrier for the body, shielding it from external factors such as harmful microorganisms, UV radiation, and physical injuries. It acts as a first line of defense against potential threats, preventing them from entering the body and causing harm. Additionally, the skin also helps in maintaining the body's internal environment by regulating temperature and preventing excessive loss of fluids. Therefore, protection is an essential function of the skin.
40.
The skin has ___ basic functions.
Correct Answer
B. 7
Explanation
The skin has seven basic functions.
41.
Sudoriferous glands produce ____.
Correct Answer
A. Sweat
Explanation
Sudoriferous glands are responsible for producing sweat. Sweat is a clear, odorless liquid that is excreted through the skin. It helps regulate body temperature by cooling the body as it evaporates. Sweat also contains small amounts of waste products, such as urea and salt. Therefore, the correct answer is sweat.
42.
Except for the ____, the skin is the most complex organ.
Correct Answer
C. Brain
Explanation
The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It controls and coordinates all bodily functions, including thoughts, emotions, and movement. It is responsible for processing sensory information, making decisions, and storing memories. The skin, although important for protection and sensation, is not as complex as the brain in terms of its structure and functions.
43.
____ is a massage movement that involves a light, gentle stroking or circular motion.
Correct Answer
B. Effleurage
Explanation
Effleurage is a massage movement that involves a light, gentle stroking or circular motion. This technique is commonly used at the beginning and end of a massage session to warm up and relax the muscles. It helps to increase blood circulation, promote relaxation, and prepare the body for deeper massage techniques. Effleurage is often performed with the palms of the hands or fingertips, using long, sweeping motions along the body. It is a soothing and comforting technique that can help reduce tension and promote a sense of well-being.
44.
_____ are drying masks made from a mineral powder base such as clay, sand, zinc oxide, or mud.
Correct Answer
A. Siccative mask
Explanation
Siccative masks are drying masks made from a mineral powder base such as clay, sand, zinc oxide, or mud. These masks help to absorb excess oil and impurities from the skin, leaving it feeling refreshed and mattified. The other options, fruit mask, mint mask, and tea mask, do not specifically refer to drying masks made from mineral powder bases.
45.
Permanent hair removal requires the use of _____.
Correct Answer
B. Electricity
Explanation
Permanent hair removal requires the use of electricity because it is commonly achieved through methods such as electrolysis or laser hair removal. Electrolysis involves using an electric current to destroy the hair follicles, while laser hair removal uses intense pulses of light that are converted into heat energy to target and disable the hair follicles. Both methods rely on the use of electricity to effectively remove hair and inhibit its regrowth.
46.
What is the term used for symptoms that are visible?
Correct Answer
A. Objective
Explanation
Objective is the term used for symptoms that are visible. Objective symptoms are those that can be observed or measured by others, such as a doctor or healthcare provider. These symptoms can be seen, heard, felt, or measured in some way, and are not influenced by personal opinions or interpretations. In contrast, subjective symptoms are those that are experienced or felt by the individual themselves, and cannot be directly observed or measured by others.
47.
Hives are an example of ____.
Correct Answer
D. Wheals
Explanation
Hives are an example of wheals. Wheals are raised, itchy, and often red or white in color. They are typically caused by an allergic reaction or an immune response to certain substances. Hives can vary in size and shape and may appear and disappear quickly. They can be triggered by various factors such as medications, foods, insect bites, or infections.
48.
____ are solid masses in the skin.
Correct Answer
B. Tumors
Explanation
Tumors are solid masses in the skin that can vary in size and appearance. They can be benign or malignant and may arise from different types of cells in the skin. Tumors can be a result of abnormal cell growth and can be classified into various types based on their characteristics. These solid masses can be felt and seen on the skin surface and may require medical evaluation and treatment depending on their nature and potential risks.
49.
____ is the result of a lesion extending in to the dermis or deeper.
Correct Answer
C. Scars
Explanation
Scars are the result of a lesion extending into the dermis or deeper. When the skin is injured, the body produces collagen fibers to repair the damage. If the injury penetrates deep into the dermis, the body may produce an excess amount of collagen, resulting in a scar. Scars can vary in appearance, texture, and color depending on the severity of the injury and individual factors.
50.
This stain in the skin is caused by the dilation of the small blood vessels in the skin.
Correct Answer
D. Naevus
Explanation
A naevus, also known as a mole, is a common skin condition characterized by a stain in the skin caused by the dilation of small blood vessels. This dilation leads to the formation of a pigmented spot on the skin. Unlike scars, calluses, and verrucas, which are caused by different factors such as injuries or infections, a naevus is specifically associated with the dilation of blood vessels in the skin. Therefore, the correct answer is naevus.