1.
The circular fibers of the fibrous joint capsule of the hip are called the:
Correct Answer
C. Zona orbicularis.
Explanation
The correct answer is zona orbicularis. The zona orbicularis refers to the circular fibers of the fibrous joint capsule of the hip. It helps to reinforce the hip joint and provide stability during movement. The acetabular labrum is a different structure that helps deepen the hip socket. The iliofemoral ligament is a strong ligament that helps prevent hyperextension of the hip joint. The ligamentum teres is a small ligament that connects the femur to the acetabulum, but it is not specifically related to the circular fibers of the joint capsule.
2.
Questions 30 through 32 refer to the figure below of a coronal, T1-weighted MRI of the right hip.Which arrow is pointing to the ligamentum teres?
Correct Answer
B. D
3.
Questions 26 through 29 refer to the figure below of an axial, T1-weighted MRI of the right hip.Which arrow is pointing to the rectus femoris muscle?
Correct Answer
A. A
4.
Questions 21 through 24 refer to the figure below of an axial CT of the knee.Which arrow points to the biceps femoris muscle?
Correct Answer
B. B
Explanation
The correct answer is B because the arrow is pointing to a muscle that is located on the lateral side of the knee, which is consistent with the location of the biceps femoris muscle. The biceps femoris is one of the hamstring muscles and is located on the back of the thigh.
5.
Which muscle is the longest muscle of the body?
Correct Answer
D. Sartorius
Explanation
The Sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in the body. It is a long, thin muscle that runs from the hip to the knee. It is responsible for flexing and rotating the hip and knee joints. The other muscles listed are not as long as the Sartorius muscle.
6.
What structure forms a bridge over the intertubercular groove for protection of the long head of the biceps tendon?
Correct Answer
C. Transverse humeral ligament
Explanation
The transverse humeral ligament forms a bridge over the intertubercular groove to protect the long head of the biceps tendon. This ligament holds the tendon in place and prevents it from dislocating or becoming impinged during shoulder movements. It acts as a protective barrier, ensuring the stability and proper function of the biceps tendon.
7.
In the figure below of a coronal MR of the knee, which arrow points to the posterior cruciate ligament?
Correct Answer
B. D
Explanation
Arrow D points to the posterior cruciate ligament in the coronal MR image of the knee.
8.
Questions 26 through 29 refer to the figure below of an axial, T1-weighted MRI of the right hip.Which arrow is pointing to the gluteus medius muscle?
Correct Answer
C. B
Explanation
The arrow pointing to the gluteus medius muscle is B. This can be determined by comparing the location of the arrow with the anatomy of the hip. The gluteus medius muscle is located on the lateral side of the hip, and arrow B is pointing to a structure in that area. The other arrows are not pointing to structures that correspond to the location of the gluteus medius muscle.
9.
The major stabilizing element of the distal radioulnar joint is the:
Correct Answer
D. Triangular fibrocartilage complex.
Explanation
The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is the major stabilizing element of the distal radioulnar joint. It is a complex structure composed of several ligaments, a fibrocartilaginous disc, and a meniscus. The TFCC helps to maintain the stability and proper alignment of the joint, allowing for smooth and coordinated movement between the radius and ulna bones. The intercarpal, ulnar collateral, and radial collateral ligaments are important for the stability of other joints in the wrist, but they are not the primary stabilizers of the distal radioulnar joint.
10.
Questions 21 through 24 refer to the figure below of an axial CT of the knee.Which arrow points to the infrapatellar fat pad (Hoffa's fat pad)?
Correct Answer
A. A
Explanation
Arrow A points to the infrapatellar fat pad (Hoffa's fat pad). This fat pad is located anteriorly to the patellar tendon and posteriorly to the patella. It helps to cushion and protect the knee joint during movement.
11.
Which tendons merge to form a conjoined tendon referred to as the pes anserinus?
Correct Answer
C. Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus
Explanation
The correct answer is Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus. The pes anserinus is a conjoined tendon located on the medial aspect of the knee. It is formed by the convergence of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus tendons. The pes anserinus provides stability and support to the knee joint during movements such as flexion and rotation.
12.
Questions 41 through 44 refer to the figure below of an axial, T1-weighted MRI of the right distal femur.CWhich arrow is pointing to the semimembranosus muscle?
Correct Answer
A. C
Explanation
The correct answer is C. In the given figure, the arrow pointing to the semimembranosus muscle is C.
13.
Questions 30 through 32 refer to the figure below of a coronal, T1-weighted MRI of the right hip.Which arrow is pointing to the acetabulum?
Correct Answer
B. A
Explanation
The correct answer is A because the arrow is pointing to the area of the image that corresponds to the acetabulum. The acetabulum is the socket of the hip joint where the femur (thigh bone) articulates. In the given image, the arrow is pointing to the rounded, concave region that is characteristic of the acetabulum.
14.
Which ligament extends from the medial femoral condyle to the posterior aspect of the tibia?
Correct Answer
A. Posterior cruciate
Explanation
The ligament that extends from the medial femoral condyle to the posterior aspect of the tibia is called the posterior cruciate ligament. It is one of the major ligaments in the knee joint and plays a crucial role in stabilizing the knee by preventing the tibia from sliding too far backward in relation to the femur.