Derivatives And 1d Motion

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  • 1/10 Questions

    A cannonball is launched from the prow of a ship such that its height above water is given by h(t) = 10 + 207t – 4.9t2. Which equation could you solve to find (directly) the time when the cannonball reaches its maximum height?

    • H(t) = 0
    • H'(t)=0
    • H''(t)=0
    • H(t) = h'(t)
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About This Quiz

How well do you do with derivatives and 1d motion? Do you believe you can pass this quiz? With this quiz, you should determine the relationships between acceleration and position and speed and velocity. You will also be expected to understand the nature of velocity with respect to time and solve equations concerning acceleration. This quiz may be challenging, but it is worth a shot.

Derivatives And 1d Motion - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    A cannonball is launched from the prow of a ship such that its height above water is given by h(t) = 10 + 207t – 4.9t2. What is the maximum vertical velocity of the cannonball for its flight through the air? 

    • ~5 m/s

    • ~10 m/s

    • ~200 m/s

    • ~2200 m/s

    Correct Answer
    A. ~200 m/s
    Explanation
    The maximum vertical velocity of the cannonball can be determined by finding the derivative of the height function with respect to time and setting it equal to zero. Taking the derivative of h(t) = 10 + 207t - 4.9t^2 gives us v(t) = 207 - 9.8t. Setting v(t) = 0 and solving for t, we find t = 21.12 seconds. Substituting this value back into the derivative, we find v(21.12) = 207 - 9.8(21.12) = 207 - 207.36 = -0.36 m/s. Since the velocity is negative, it means the cannonball is at its maximum height at this time. Therefore, the maximum vertical velocity of the cannonball is approximately 200 m/s.

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  • 3. 

    Which statement correctly describes the relationship between speed and velocity?

    • Speed is the rate of change of velocity.

    • Velocity is the rate of change of speed.

    • Velocity is the accumulation of speed.

    • Speed is the magnitude of velocity.

    Correct Answer
    A. Speed is the magnitude of velocity.
    Explanation
    The statement "Speed is the magnitude of velocity" is correct because speed refers to the rate at which an object covers distance, while velocity refers to the rate at which an object changes its position in a specific direction. Speed is a scalar quantity, meaning it only has magnitude, while velocity is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. Therefore, speed is the magnitude of velocity, indicating how fast an object is moving regardless of its direction.

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  • 4. 

    The position of a particle moving along the x-axis is given by x(t) = t(t – 5)2. What is the particle's average velocity during the time interval [0,4]?

    • 0

    • 1

    • –3.5

    • –7

    Correct Answer
    A. 1
    Explanation
    The average velocity of a particle is calculated by finding the change in position divided by the change in time. In this case, we are given the position function x(t) = t(t-5)^2, and we need to find the average velocity during the time interval [0,4]. To calculate this, we first find the change in position by plugging in the values of t=4 and t=0 into the position function and subtracting the results. Then, we divide the change in position by the change in time, which is 4-0=4. After performing the calculations, we find that the average velocity is 1.

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  • 5. 

    Which statement correctly describes the relationship between position and acceleration?

    • Acceleration is the rate of change of position.

    • Position is the second derivative of acceleration with respect to time.

    • Acceleration is the time derivative of the rate of change of position.

    • Position and acceleration are not related. It's velocity which is the derivative of position wirh respect to time.

    Correct Answer
    A. Acceleration is the time derivative of the rate of change of position.
    Explanation
    Acceleration is the time derivative of the rate of change of position. This means that acceleration measures how quickly the rate of change of position is changing over time. It indicates how fast an object's velocity is changing.

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  • 6. 

    The position of a particle moving along the x-axis is given by x(t) = t(t – 5)2. What is the particle's acceleration at t=2?

    • –12

    • –8

    • –3

    • Not enough information

    Correct Answer
    A. –8
    Explanation
    The particle's acceleration at t=2 can be found by taking the second derivative of the position function with respect to time. Taking the derivative of x(t) = t(t-5)^2 twice, we get x''(t) = 2(t-5) - 2(t-5) = -8. Therefore, the particle's acceleration at t=2 is -8.

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  • 7. 
    The graphs show the position, velocity, and acceleration of an object moving on a line.  - ProProfs

    The graphs show the position, velocity, and acceleration of an object moving on a line. 

    • Graph A is the position, Graph B is the velocity, Graph C is the acceleration

    • Graph C is the position, Graph B is the velocity, Graph A is the acceleration

    • Graph B is the position, Graph A is the velocity, Graph C is the acceleration

    • Graph A is the position, Graph C is the velocity, Graph B is the accleration

    Correct Answer
    A. Graph C is the position, Graph B is the velocity, Graph A is the acceleration
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Graph C is the position, Graph B is the velocity, Graph A is the acceleration. This is because the position graph (Graph C) shows the object's displacement over time, the velocity graph (Graph B) shows the rate at which the position is changing, and the acceleration graph (Graph A) shows the rate at which the velocity is changing.

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  • 8. 
    The acceleration function for an object undergoing rectilinear motion is a(t) = 3t2+t – 3. Which of the following functions could represent the velocity function for the object?  - ProProfs

    The acceleration function for an object undergoing rectilinear motion is a(t) = 3t2+t – 3. Which of the following functions could represent the velocity function for the object? 

    • A(t)

    • B(t)

    • C(t)

    • D(t)

    • F(t)

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. A(t)
    A. F(t)
    Explanation
    The velocity function is the integral of the acceleration function. By integrating a(t) = 3t^2 + t - 3, we can find the velocity function. The integral of 3t^2 is t^3, the integral of t is (1/2)t^2, and the integral of -3 is -3t. Combining these integrals, we get v(t) = t^3 + (1/2)t^2 - 3t + C, where C is a constant of integration. Since the question asks for which functions could represent the velocity function, any function of the form v(t) = t^3 + (1/2)t^2 - 3t + C would be a valid answer. Therefore, A(t) and F(t) could both represent the velocity function.

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  • 9. 

    A cannonball is launched from the prow of a ship such that its height above water is given by h(t) = 10 + 207t – 4.9t2. What is the maximum vertical speed of the cannonball for its flight through the air? 

    • –207.5 m/s

    • –207 m/s

    • 207 m/s

    • 207.5 m/s

    Correct Answer
    A. 207.5 m/s
    Explanation
    The maximum vertical speed of the cannonball can be determined by finding the derivative of the height function with respect to time and setting it equal to zero. Taking the derivative of h(t) = 10 + 207t - 4.9t^2 gives us v(t) = 207 - 9.8t. Setting v(t) equal to zero and solving for t, we find t = 21.12 seconds. Substituting this value back into the velocity function, we get v(21.12) = 207 - 9.8(21.12) = 207 - 207.376 = -0.376 m/s. Since the velocity is negative, it means the cannonball is at its highest point and about to start falling. Therefore, the maximum vertical speed of the cannonball is 207 m/s.

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  • 10. 

    Which of the following can be found starting by taking the derivative of velocity with respect to time? Mark ALL that apply. (No integration allowed...i.e., no claiming it can be found by taking the derivative and then undoing the derivative!)

    • Instantaneous acceleration

    • Average acceleration

    • Average velocity

    • Maximum velocity

    • Displacement

    • Speed

    • Intervals of increasing or decreasing velocity

    • Intervals when the object is moving forward vs. backward

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Instantaneous acceleration
    A. Maximum velocity
    A. Intervals of increasing or decreasing velocity
    Explanation
    By taking the derivative of velocity with respect to time, we can find the instantaneous acceleration. This is because acceleration is defined as the rate of change of velocity with respect to time.

    We can also find the maximum velocity by taking the derivative of velocity. The maximum velocity occurs at the point where the derivative of velocity is equal to zero or undefined.

    Finally, by analyzing the derivative of velocity, we can determine intervals of increasing or decreasing velocity. If the derivative is positive, the velocity is increasing, and if the derivative is negative, the velocity is decreasing.

    Therefore, the correct answers are instantaneous acceleration, maximum velocity, and intervals of increasing or decreasing velocity.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 19, 2020
    Quiz Created by
    I-heng_mccomb
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