1.
Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of a patient experiencing a diabetic emergency?
Correct Answer
B. Pale, clammy skin
Explanation
Reason: Signs and symptoms of a diabetic emergency include pale, clammy skin, rapid pulse, normal or rapid respirations, and normal or slightly low blood pressure.
2.
Altered mental status that often accompanies diabetic emergencies is often mistaken for:
Correct Answer
B. Alcohol intoxication.
Explanation
Reason: The behavior of some diabetic patients with altered mental status has often been mistaken for alcohol or drug intoxication.
3.
Diabetes is considered a disease of balance because the patient must try to balance:
Correct Answer
D. The need for glucose with the available insulin supply.
Explanation
Reason: Diabetes is a disease of balance because the patient must balance the need for glucose with his or her available insulin supply.
4.
Which of the following conditions can occur if an unconscious patient is given oral glucose?
Correct Answer
B. Aspiration
Explanation
Reason: When oral glucose is properly given, placing it between the cheek and gum of a conscious patient who is able to swallow and protect the airway, there are no side effects. However, if given to a patient who in unconscious or unable to swallow, aspiration can occur.
5.
Diabetes is caused by the body's lack of adequate amounts of:
Correct Answer
B. Insulin.
Explanation
Reason: Diabetes is caused by lack of adequate amounts of insulin.
6.
The form of diabetes that develops as a person ages is called:
Correct Answer
B. Type II diabetes.
Explanation
Reason: The form of diabetes that develops as a person ages is called type II diabetes.
7.
Which of the following will probably NOT cause a diabetic emergency in a patient with a history of diabetes controlled by medication?
Correct Answer
A. Eating a regularly scheduled meal
Explanation
Reason: Changes in the level of consciousness in a patient who has diabetes, but who controls it with medication, can occur from unusual exercise, fatigue, overeating without increasing the insulin dose, infection, illness, or alcohol.
8.
Oral glucose should be placed:
Correct Answer
C. Between the cheek and gum of a conscious patient.
Explanation
Reason: Oral glucose should be placed between the cheek and the gum of a patient who can swallow. It should not be given to an unconscious patient.
9.
What waste products are formed when fat is used for energy?
Correct Answer
D. Ketones and fatty acids
Explanation
Ketones and fatty acids are formed as waste products when fat is used for energy
10.
When do you draw blood for the hospital? Before you adminster D50 or after?
Correct Answer
A. Before
Explanation
Drawing blood for the hospital is done before administering D50. This is because drawing blood is a necessary step to check the patient's blood glucose levels before giving D50, which is a solution containing 50% dextrose used to treat low blood sugar levels. By drawing blood before administering D50, healthcare professionals can accurately assess the patient's blood glucose levels and determine the appropriate dosage of D50 to be given.
11.
Per Protocol, At what Blood Glucose Level can we adminster D50
Correct Answer
B. Less than 60
Explanation
D50 is a solution of dextrose (glucose) that is used to rapidly increase blood sugar levels in emergency situations, such as severe hypoglycemia. The correct answer is "Less than 60" because D50 is typically administered when the blood glucose level falls below this threshold. Administering D50 at a blood glucose level of less than 60 helps to quickly raise the blood sugar level to a safer range and prevent further complications.
12.
At what Blood Glucose Level for Pediatric Patients?
Correct Answer
B. Less than 40 if clinically indicated
Explanation
Pediatric patients should have a blood glucose level of less than 40 if clinically indicated. This means that if there are specific clinical reasons or indications, such as symptoms or medical conditions, the blood glucose level should be below 40 for pediatric patients. This is different from adults, as their blood glucose level may vary depending on their age and health condition.
13.
Dextrose should be diluted 1:1 with normal saline (to create D25W) for patient 8 years and younger
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Dextrose, a form of sugar, is commonly used to provide energy to the body. However, it can be too concentrated for younger patients and may cause adverse effects. Therefore, it is recommended to dilute dextrose with normal saline in a 1:1 ratio for patients who are 8 years old and younger. This creates a solution called D25W, which is better suited for their needs.
14.
What is the dose for an adult?
Correct Answer
B. 25 gm
Explanation
The correct answer is 25 gm. This suggests that the recommended dose for an adult is 25 gm.