Earth Science Grade 7 Chapter 2 Section1-2

A mountain is a landform with high elevation and high relief. It is characterized by its tall and steep peaks, often reaching great heights above sea level. Mountains are formed through tectonic forces and volcanic activity, resulting in the uplift and folding of the Earth's crust. Due to their high elevation, mountains often experience cooler temperatures and different climate zones as compared to surrounding areas. They are also important ecosystems, supporting a diverse range of plant and animal species. Mountains are popular destinations for outdoor activities such as hiking, climbing, and skiing.

The correct answer is "globe" because a globe is a three-dimensional representation of the Earth's surface. It accurately depicts the shape of the Earth, including its continents, oceans, and other geographical features. A globe is often used for educational purposes, as it provides a realistic and interactive way to learn about the Earth's geography and understand its relationship with other countries and regions.

The given answer, "map," accurately describes a flat model of all or part of Earth's surface as seen from above. A map is a visual representation that provides a bird's-eye view of geographical features, landmarks, and locations. It allows individuals to navigate, plan routes, and gain a better understanding of the Earth's surface. Maps can be used for various purposes, such as navigation, education, research, and exploration.

A plateau is a landform that is characterized by its high elevation and relatively flat or level surface. It is often found between mountains or hills and is formed by the process of erosion or volcanic activity. Plateaus can vary in size and shape and can be found on every continent. They are commonly used for agriculture, as their level surface provides ideal conditions for farming. The correct answer, plateau, accurately describes this type of landform.

The question asks for a type of landform that is NOT a main type. A region is not considered a main type of landform. Main types of landforms include plains, mountains, and plateaus. A region refers to a larger area that may contain different types of landforms within it, but it is not a specific type of landform itself.

A plain is a type of landform characterized by its nearly flat or gently rolling hills and low relief. It lacks significant variations in elevation, making it relatively flat compared to other landforms. Plains are often formed by the deposition of sediment over time, such as by rivers or glaciers. They can also be created through the gradual erosion of higher elevated areas. Plains are typically found in areas with less tectonic activity and are commonly used for agriculture due to their fertile soil and ease of cultivation.

A mountain range refers to a group of mountains that share similar characteristics such as shape, structure, and age. This means that the mountains in a mountain range are likely to have similar appearances, geological formations, and were formed during the same period of time. The term "mountain range" is used to describe a collection of mountains that are connected and form a continuous line or series.

The statement is true because the Equator is an imaginary line that runs horizontally around the Earth, dividing it into two equal halves - the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere. The Northern Hemisphere is located above the Equator, while the Southern Hemisphere is located below it. This division is based on the Earth's rotation and the tilt of its axis.

Latitude and longitude are the coordinates used to determine the location of any point on the Earth's surface. By using these coordinates, one can pinpoint the exact position of a place, including a small town in the middle of Turkey where camping is possible. Therefore, the statement that the location of any point on the Earth's surface can be expressed with latitude and longitude is true.

Topography refers to the physical features of an area, including its elevation, relief, and landforms. It provides a detailed description of the surface of a region, such as mountains, valleys, rivers, and plains. This information is important for various purposes, such as urban planning, engineering projects, and understanding the natural environment. Therefore, the given answer "topography" accurately describes the concept of studying an area's elevation, relief, and landforms.

The lines of latitude and longitude create a coordinate system that covers the entire Earth's surface. By using these lines, one can determine the exact location of any point on the planet. This grid system is widely used in navigation, cartography, and GPS technology to accurately pinpoint positions on Earth. Therefore, the statement is true.

In the context of the given information, symbols are used to represent features on Earth's surface. Symbols are visual representations that convey meaning or information. They are commonly used in maps, where different shapes and pictures are used as symbols to represent various features such as mountains, rivers, cities, and landmarks. These symbols help in understanding and interpreting the information presented on a map, making it easier to navigate and comprehend the features of Earth's surface.

A large area of land where the topography is made up of mainly one type of landform is referred to as a region. In this context, region denotes a specific geographical area characterized by its distinct landform.

Elevation refers to the height of a point on Earth's surface above sea level. It is a measure of how high or low a location is in relation to sea level. This term is commonly used to describe the vertical distance between a point on the Earth's surface and mean sea level. Therefore, elevation is the most appropriate term in this context to describe the height above sea level of a point on Earth's surface.

A landform refers to a feature of the Earth's surface, such as a hill or valley, that is created by the various processes that shape the topography. It is a broad term that encompasses the physical characteristics and formations found on the land. Landforms can vary in size and shape and are a result of natural forces like erosion, deposition, and tectonic activity. They play a crucial role in determining the overall landscape and are integral to understanding the geography of a region.

The term "relief" refers to the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points of a given area. It is commonly used in cartography to represent the topography of a region. In this context, relief helps to visually depict the variations in landforms such as mountains, valleys, and plains. Plateau, on the other hand, refers to a flat elevated area with steep sides, while cartography is the study and practice of making maps.

The statement is false because the baselines for measuring distances on Earth are actually the Prime Meridian and the Equator, not the Prime Perimeter. The Prime Meridian is the line of longitude that passes through Greenwich, England, and is used as the starting point for measuring longitude. The Equator is the line of latitude that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres and is used as the starting point for measuring latitude.

The correct answer is key and legend. In cartography, a key or legend is a section of a map that explains the symbols used on the map and their meanings. It helps the map reader understand the representation of different features or elements on the map. The key or legend typically includes a list of symbols or colors along with a brief description or explanation of what they represent. This information is crucial for interpreting the map accurately and comprehensively.

The Equal-Area projection shows the relative sizes of Earth's land masses accurately. Unlike other projections, such as the Mercator or Conic, which distort the size of land masses, the Equal-Area projection preserves the true size of land areas. This means that countries and continents are represented in proportion to their actual size, making it a useful projection for studying and comparing land areas.

The Mercator projection is a cylindrical map projection that preserves the shape of land masses and makes lines of latitude and longitude appear as straight parallel lines. This projection is known for its distortion in size, particularly towards the poles, but it is widely used for navigation purposes due to the straight and parallel lines it creates, making it easier to measure distances and plot courses accurately.

Maps and globes are drawn to accurately represent topography and other features of Earth's surface. Symbols are used to represent different features such as mountains, rivers, and cities, making it easier for users to interpret the map. Scale, on the other hand, is used to show the relationship between distances on the map and actual distances on the Earth's surface. By using a scale, users can accurately measure distances and understand the relative size and distance between different features on the map.

Latitude is a geographic coordinate that measures the distance in degrees north or south of the Equator. The Equator is considered the starting line or reference point for measuring latitude. Each degree of latitude is approximately 111 kilometers apart, not 90 kilometers. Therefore, the correct statements are that the Equator is the starting line and latitude measures distance in the north and south of the Equator.

The Prime Meridian is located at Greenwich, England. It runs in a half circle from the North Pole to the South Pole, dividing the Earth into the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere. If you were to start at the Prime Meridian and travel along it, you would cover a distance of 340 degrees before returning back to your starting point.

Longitude is a geographic coordinate that measures the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface. It is measured in degrees east and west of the Prime Meridian, which is the reference line for longitude. There are 360 lines of longitude that run north to south and converge at the Poles. Therefore, the given answer is correct.