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When a
previously reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced, its rate of occurrence
decreases. This procedure is called:
A.
Extinction
B.
Negative reinforcement
C.
Positive punishment
D.
Positive reinforcement
Correct Answer
A. Extinction
Explanation When a behavior is no longer reinforced, its rate of occurrence decreases. This process is known as extinction. Extinction involves withholding the reinforcement that was previously given for the behavior, which leads to a decrease in the behavior over time.
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2.
In Pavlovian terminology, a
stimulus such as food which elicits a response without preliminary training is
called
A.
Primary stimulus
B.
Secondary stimulus
C.
Conditioned stimulus
D.
Discriminative stimulus
Correct Answer
A. Primary stimulus
Explanation A primary stimulus refers to a stimulus that naturally triggers a response without any prior conditioning or training. In Pavlovian terminology, this means that the stimulus, such as food, automatically elicits a response, such as salivation, without the need for any previous associations or learning. This is in contrast to a conditioned stimulus, which is a stimulus that acquires its ability to elicit a response through association with another stimulus. A secondary stimulus refers to a stimulus that is associated with a primary or conditioned stimulus and can also elicit a response. A discriminative stimulus refers to a stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement or punishment.
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3.
This term has been used to
describe the application of operant procedures to change behavior. It is
sometimes confused with procedures such as electroconvulsive shock and drug
therapies and has lead to negative reactions toward applied behavior analysis.
A.
Psychoanalysis
B.
Gestalt therapy
C.
Discovery learning
D.
Behavior modification
Correct Answer
D. Behavior modification
Explanation Behavior modification is the correct answer because it refers to the application of operant procedures to change behavior. This term is often confused with other procedures such as electroconvulsive shock and drug therapies, which has resulted in negative reactions towards applied behavior analysis.
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4.
In the operant
learning model, any event that is generally considered unpleasant (e.g.,
teacher reprimands) but quickly follows a response (e.g., student talk-outs)
and increases the probability of that response is technically called:
A.
A punisher
B.
An antecedent
C.
A releaser
D.
A reinforcer
Correct Answer
D. A reinforcer
Explanation In the operant learning model, a reinforcer is any event that follows a response and increases the probability of that response occurring again. It can be something pleasant or unpleasant, but in this case, it is specifically mentioned that the event is generally considered unpleasant (e.g., teacher reprimands). However, because it quickly follows a response (e.g., student talk-outs) and increases the probability of that response, it is still considered a reinforcer in the operant learning model.
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5.
Data collection and ongoing
evaluation of the effects of ABA programs on student behavior are important
parts of the teacher’s ethical responsibilities
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation Data collection and ongoing evaluation of the effects of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) programs on student behavior are important parts of a teacher's ethical responsibilities. This is because ABA is a scientific approach that focuses on understanding and modifying behavior through systematic observation and measurement. By collecting data and evaluating the effects of ABA programs, teachers can ensure that they are providing effective interventions and making informed decisions to support their students' behavioral needs. This ethical responsibility helps to ensure that teachers are using evidence-based practices and promoting the best outcomes for their students.
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6.
forms of Recognized applied
behavior analysis include
A.
Hypnosis
B.
Drug therapy
C.
Electroconvulsive shock therapy
D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. None of the above
Explanation The given answer "None of the above" is correct because the question asks for forms of recognized applied behavior analysis, and none of the options listed (hypnosis, drug therapy, electroconvulsive shock therapy) are recognized forms of applied behavior analysis. Applied behavior analysis is a scientific approach that focuses on understanding and improving behavior through the application of behavioral principles and techniques.
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7.
_______________________________
consent ensures that program participation was not coerced by threats or
rewards. This type of consent makes it unethical for teachers or
administrators to suggest that, unless a particular procedure is used, children
will have to be placed in more restrictive settings.
Correct Answer voluntary
Explanation The term "voluntary" refers to an action or decision made willingly, without any external pressure or coercion. In the context of the given statement, it means that program participation should be based on the individual's free choice, without any threats or rewards influencing their decision. This ensures that teachers or administrators cannot manipulate or force children into a certain procedure by suggesting that they will be placed in more restrictive settings if they don't comply.
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8.
Individuals with this
philosophical orientation reject any systematic effort to change behavior on
the grounds that it is coercive and a violation of free will and personal
freedom.
A.
Humanists
B.
Constructivists
C.
Existentialists
D.
Behaviorists
Correct Answer
A. Humanists
Explanation Humanists believe in the importance of personal freedom and free will. They reject any attempts to change behavior through coercion or force, as they believe it goes against an individual's autonomy. Instead, they focus on promoting self-actualization and personal growth, emphasizing the importance of individual choice and responsibility.
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9.
Applied behavior
analysis does not lend itself easily to accountability.
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation Applied behavior analysis (ABA) actually lends itself well to accountability. ABA is a scientific approach that focuses on measuring and analyzing behavior in order to make data-based decisions. This emphasis on data collection and analysis allows for accountability, as progress can be objectively measured and evaluated. ABA practitioners regularly track and monitor behavior change, which helps ensure that interventions are effective and accountable. Therefore, the statement that ABA does not lend itself easily to accountability is false.
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10.
Save
Developmental explanations of human behavior are more verifiable
and parsimonious than behavioral explanations of human behavior.
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation Developmental explanations of human behavior are not necessarily more verifiable and parsimonious than behavioral explanations of human behavior. Both types of explanations have their own strengths and limitations. Developmental explanations focus on how individuals' behavior changes and develops over time, while behavioral explanations focus on the immediate causes and consequences of behavior. The verifiability and parsimony of an explanation depend on the specific research methods and evidence used to support it, rather than the type of explanation itself. Therefore, the statement that developmental explanations are more verifiable and parsimonious than behavioral explanations is false.
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11.
One important task of a behaviorist teacher is
to describe their students’ behaviors in observable and ___________________
terms.
Correct Answer measurable
Explanation A behaviorist teacher needs to describe their students' behaviors in observable and measurable terms in order to accurately assess and track their progress. By using measurable terms, the teacher can gather data and evidence to determine if the desired behaviors are being achieved or if adjustments need to be made to their teaching methods. Measurable terms also allow for clear communication and understanding between the teacher, students, and other stakeholders involved in the educational process.
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12.
This operant learning
principle is defined as following a response with a consequence that causes a
decrease in the rate of that response
A.
Negative punishment
B.
Negative reinforcement
C.
Positive punishment
D.
Positive reinforcement
Correct Answer
C. Positive punishment
Explanation Positive punishment is the correct answer because it involves following a response with a consequence that causes a decrease in the rate of that response. This means that something unpleasant or aversive is added or applied after a behavior to decrease the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future. It is a form of punishment that aims to decrease the frequency of a behavior by introducing an undesirable consequence.
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13.
An explanation that provides reliable answers about what students are likely
to do under certain environmental circumstances is said to have:
A.
Inclusiveness
B.
Verifiability
C.
Predictive utility
D.
Parsimony
Correct Answer
C. Predictive utility
Explanation Predictive utility refers to the ability of an explanation to accurately predict the behavior or actions of individuals in specific environmental conditions. It means that the explanation can reliably forecast what students are likely to do in certain circumstances. This suggests that the explanation is practical and useful in understanding and anticipating student behavior, making it a valuable tool for educators and researchers.
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14.
The effective application
of behavioral interventions often reduces the need for more drastic procedures
such as psychosurgery, drug therapy, and electroconvulsive shock.
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation The statement suggests that behavioral interventions can be effective in reducing the need for more extreme procedures like psychosurgery, drug therapy, and electroconvulsive shock. This implies that by implementing behavioral interventions, individuals may experience positive changes in their behavior and mental health, making more invasive procedures unnecessary. Therefore, the answer "true" is correct because it aligns with the information provided in the statement.
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15.
Deprivation and satiation are two kinds of
____________ events that temporarily change the value of reinforcers
Correct Answer setting
Explanation Deprivation and satiation are two kinds of events that temporarily change the value of reinforcers. In the context of this question, "setting" refers to the environment or circumstances in which these events occur. The setting can influence an individual's level of deprivation or satiation, which in turn affects the value or desirability of reinforcers. Therefore, the correct answer is "setting."
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16.
The colleague who used the label
“anal-retentive” to describe Professor Grundy’s organization of his research
material was utilizing which of the following explanations of Grundy’s hoarding
behavior
A.
Biophysical
B.
Developmental
C.
Cognitive
D.
Behavioral
Correct Answer
C. Cognitive
Explanation The colleague who used the label "anal-retentive" to describe Professor Grundy's organization of his research material was utilizing the cognitive explanation of Grundy's hoarding behavior. This suggests that the colleague believes Grundy's hoarding behavior is a result of his thoughts, beliefs, and cognitive processes. The label "anal-retentive" implies that the colleague sees Grundy's behavior as being excessively organized and controlling, which aligns with cognitive explanations that focus on how individuals' thoughts and beliefs influence their behavior.
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17.
Knowing that a student is developmentally disabled because of a chromosomal
disorder tells a teacher everything about how to arrange classroom conditions
to promote learning for that student.
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation The statement suggests that knowing a student has a chromosomal disorder provides all the necessary information for a teacher to arrange classroom conditions for optimal learning. However, this is not true as each student with a chromosomal disorder is unique and may have different learning needs and abilities. It is important for teachers to consider individualized strategies and accommodations based on the specific needs of each student, rather than assuming that a chromosomal disorder alone determines all the necessary classroom arrangements.
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18.
Any behavior
which has an effect on the environment and is controlled by consequent events
is called:
A.
An unconditioned reflex
B.
Operant behavior
C.
Respondent behavior
D.
A releaser
Correct Answer
B. Operant behavior
Explanation Operant behavior refers to any behavior that is influenced by its consequences. It is controlled by the events that follow it, such as rewards or punishments. This behavior is not automatic or reflexive, but rather voluntary and influenced by the outcomes it produces. Unlike respondent behavior, which is elicited by specific stimuli, operant behavior is shaped and modified through reinforcement and punishment. A releaser refers to a specific stimulus that triggers a fixed action pattern in an organism. Therefore, the correct answer is operant behavior.
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19.
In the operant
conditioning model, a stimulus which precedes a behavior is called:
A.
A punisher
B.
A reinforcer
C.
An antecedent
D.
A consequence
Correct Answer
C. An antecedent
Explanation In the operant conditioning model, an antecedent refers to a stimulus that occurs before a behavior. It sets the occasion for the behavior to occur. This stimulus can be a cue, signal, or event that signals the individual to engage in a specific behavior. The antecedent does not directly cause the behavior but rather influences the likelihood of the behavior occurring.
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20.
This type of
behavior can be present at birth, requires no previous learning, or it can be
acquired through systematic arrangement of antecedent events.
A.
Introspective behavior
B.
Operant behavior
C.
Respondent behavior
D.
Neutral stimulus
Correct Answer
C. Respondent behavior
Explanation Respondent behavior refers to a type of behavior that can be present at birth or acquired through the arrangement of antecedent events. It does not require previous learning. This type of behavior is reflexive and involuntary, meaning it is elicited by a specific stimulus without conscious control. Examples of respondent behavior include blinking when a bright light is shined in the eyes or salivating at the sight or smell of food.
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21.
In
an attempt to keep up with his paperwork, Mr. Martin goes ahead and writes
Frankie's IEP goals, objectives, and behavior management plan for the next year
before Frankie's actual IEP meeting. Which ethical rule is Mr. Martin
ignoring?
A.
The right to the most effective treatment procedures available
B.
The right to a therapeutic environment
C.
The right to services whose overriding goal is personal welfare
D.
Programs that teach functional skills
Correct Answer
D. Programs that teach functional skills
Explanation Mr. Martin is ignoring the ethical rule of "Programs that teach functional skills" by writing Frankie's IEP goals, objectives, and behavior management plan before the actual IEP meeting. This rule emphasizes the importance of individualized education programs that focus on teaching functional skills to students. By not involving Frankie and his team in the development of the plan, Mr. Martin is disregarding the collaborative and individualized approach required for effective teaching and learning.
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22.
_______________________________
consent is based upon a full understanding of the planned behavior change
program. Parents and advocates must demonstrate they comprehend all
aspects of the program, including any risk. If necessary, information
must be provided in the native language of those involved.
Correct Answer informed
Explanation The correct answer is "informed." This is because the explanation provided states that consent is based upon a full understanding of the planned behavior change program. This implies that individuals must be informed about all aspects of the program, including any risks involved. Additionally, it mentions that information should be provided in the native language of those involved if necessary. Therefore, the answer "informed" aligns with the idea that consent is based on being well-informed.
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23.
Behaviorists say the goal
of applied behavior analysis is to increase a student's ability to make choices
and exercise options.
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation The given statement is true. Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is a therapeutic approach that focuses on understanding and modifying behavior. One of the main goals of ABA is to increase an individual's ability to make choices and exercise options. By using behavior analysis techniques, such as reinforcement and prompting, ABA aims to teach individuals new skills and behaviors, empowering them to have more control over their actions and decisions.
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24.
Winett and Winkler (1972)
examined published articles reporting the application of ABA procedures and
concluded that the technology of applied behavior analysis was being used
primarily to:
A.
Improve academic performance
B.
Develop self-control behaviors
C.
Enhance language skills
D.
Establish "law and order" in the classroom
Correct Answer
D. Establish "law and order" in the classroom
Explanation Winett and Winkler (1972) conducted a study on the application of ABA procedures and found that the primary use of applied behavior analysis was to establish "law and order" in the classroom. This suggests that ABA techniques were being implemented to promote discipline and create a structured and controlled environment within the educational setting. The study implies that ABA was not primarily focused on improving academic performance, developing self-control behaviors, or enhancing language skills, but rather on maintaining order and discipline in the classroom.
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25.
One way for teachers to
facilitate the ethical use of ABA procedures is to involve other
people-especially parents and students--in assessing the significance of the
target behavior, the appropriateness of the procedures, and the importance of
the results of any behavioral intervention. This process is called:
___________ _________________.
Correct Answer social validation
Explanation Teachers can facilitate the ethical use of ABA procedures by involving other individuals, such as parents and students, in assessing the significance of the target behavior, the appropriateness of the procedures, and the importance of the results of any behavioral intervention. This process is referred to as social validation.
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26.
Consider the following two objectives:
Given a worksheet with 20 division problems with two-digit dividends and
single-digit divisors, Lauren will write the correct answer in the appropriate
place on the radical with 90% accuracy for 4 consecutive days.
Given a worksheet with 20 division problems with two-digit dividends and
single-digit divisors, Lauren will write the correct answer in the appropriate
place on the radical (within 20 minutes) with 90% accuracy for 4
consecutive days.
By adding a time limit (within 20 minutes), the teacher is moving from
acquisition to increasing the ___________________ of Lauren's
performance.
Correct Answer fluency
Explanation By adding a time limit, the teacher is moving from acquisition to increasing the fluency of Lauren's performance. This means that the teacher is not only expecting Lauren to write the correct answers with accuracy but also within a specific time frame. Fluency refers to the ability to perform a task quickly and accurately, and by setting a time limit, the teacher is emphasizing the importance of speed and efficiency in completing the division problems.
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27.
This dimension
of behavior refers to the number of times a response occurs within a given
period of time or per opportunity.
A.
Latency
B.
Rate or percentage
C.
Duration
D.
Intensity
Correct Answer
B. Rate or percentage
Explanation Rate or percentage refers to the number of times a response occurs within a given period of time or per opportunity. This dimension of behavior focuses on the frequency or occurrence of a behavior, rather than the duration, intensity, or latency of the behavior.
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28.
Which component is missing
from the following objective? Jason will fill the ice cube tray
independently during 4 out of 5 sessions.
A.
All the components are present (i.e., none missing)
B.
Condition
C.
Target behavior
D.
Criteria for acceptable performance
Correct Answer
B. Condition
Explanation The missing component from the objective is the "condition". The objective states that Jason will fill the ice cube tray independently during 4 out of 5 sessions, but it does not specify any conditions under which this will occur. The condition could be something like "without any assistance" or "within a specified time frame". Without the condition, the objective is incomplete and lacks important information about the circumstances under which the target behavior should occur.
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29.
___________________ is the ability to perform
a behavior or response over time without any reteaching.
Correct Answer maintenance
Explanation Maintenance is the ability to perform a behavior or response over time without any reteaching. It refers to the sustained proficiency or competence in a skill or knowledge area without the need for continuous instruction or practice.
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30.
This dimension
of behavior refers to the time that elapses between an antecedent and a
response.
A.
Intensity
B.
Rate
C.
Latency
D.
Duration
Correct Answer
C. Latency
Explanation Latency refers to the time that elapses between an antecedent and a response. It measures the delay or the amount of time it takes for a behavior to occur after the stimulus or trigger is presented. In this context, intensity refers to the strength or force of a response, rate refers to the frequency or number of responses in a given time period, and duration refers to the length of time a behavior persists.
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31.
This part of a
behavioral objective specifies the context under which the behavior is to
occur, including the instructions, materials, and setting. It may also
include types of assistance available to students.
A.
The operational defintion
B.
The condition statement
C.
The target behavior
D.
The criterion statement
Correct Answer
B. The condition statement
Explanation The condition statement in a behavioral objective specifies the context under which the behavior is to occur. It includes instructions, materials, and setting, as well as any types of assistance available to students. This statement provides the necessary information for understanding the specific circumstances in which the behavior is expected to be demonstrated.
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32.
The statement, 'point to the
correct answer,' is an example of this component of a behavioral
objective. This component is called the: ______ __________.
Correct Answer target behavior
Explanation The statement "point to the correct answer" is an example of the target behavior component of a behavioral objective. The target behavior refers to the specific action or skill that is being assessed or measured in a given situation. In this case, the target behavior is the act of pointing to the correct answer, which is the desired outcome or action expected from the individual.
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33.
An operational
definition may contain a long list of specific behaviors considered to
represent the broader behavior in question (e.g., on-task)
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation An operational definition is a clear and concise description of how a specific behavior or concept will be measured or observed. In this case, the operational definition includes a long list of specific behaviors that are considered to represent the broader behavior of being "on-task." This means that the definition provides specific criteria for what behaviors would be considered as being on-task, allowing for consistent and objective measurement of this behavior. Therefore, the statement is true.
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34.
Which of the following is
NOT an appropriate target behavior for an objective?
A.
Understand the value of coins
B.
Increase the number of times student raises her hand during a 30-minute lesson
C.
Independently operate a microwave oven
D.
Point to the correct algebraic formula
Correct Answer
A. Understand the value of coins
Explanation The objective is to identify a target behavior that is NOT appropriate. The other three options - increase the number of times student raises her hand during a 30-minute lesson, independently operate a microwave oven, and point to the correct algebraic formula - are all specific, observable behaviors that can be measured. However, "understand the value of coins" is not a specific behavior that can be directly observed or measured.
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35.
A behavioral
objective has four components. These are:
Correct Answer
B. Learner, target behavior, conditions, criteria
Explanation This answer is correct because it accurately identifies the four components of a behavioral objective. The learner refers to the person who will be performing the target behavior. The target behavior is the specific action or skill that the learner is expected to demonstrate. The conditions refer to the specific circumstances or environment in which the target behavior will be performed. And finally, the criteria are the specific standards or measures that will be used to determine if the learner has successfully met the objective.
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36.
Teachers write behavioral objectives only to
change behavioral excesses (e.g., too much talking during
independent work).
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation The statement suggests that teachers write behavioral objectives solely to address behavioral excesses, such as excessive talking during independent work. However, this is not true. Behavioral objectives are written by teachers to outline specific, measurable, and observable behaviors that students should be able to demonstrate after a lesson or activity. These objectives can be used to address a variety of learning goals and outcomes, not just behavioral excesses.
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37.
Behavioral objectives often
address the latency dimension of a behavior. Which of the following
is NOT an acceptable latency statement?
A.
No longer than one hour from when the test begins
B.
Within 20 seconds after a physical prompt is given
C.
Within 10 seconds after cue to begin
D.
Remain in seat for 10 minutes
Correct Answer
D. Remain in seat for 10 minutes
Explanation The given statement "remain in seat for 10 minutes" is not an acceptable latency statement because it does not specify a time frame or duration within which the behavior should occur. Latency statements typically describe the time it takes for a behavior to occur after a specific event or cue. In this case, the statement should specify the time it takes for the individual to remain in their seat after a particular event or cue, such as "within 10 seconds after being asked to sit down" or "within 5 minutes after the start of the class."
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38.
Which level of
learning (Bloom, 1956), is represented by the following behavioral objective:a coin and the verbal cue,
"What is the name of this?," George will state the appropriate label
on 18 Given out of 20 trial for five consecutive sessions.
A.
Analysis
B.
Application
C.
Comprehension
D.
Knowledge
Correct Answer
D. Knowledge
Explanation The given behavioral objective represents the level of knowledge in Bloom's taxonomy. In this objective, George is expected to state the appropriate label for a coin when asked about its name. This requires him to recall and remember the information about the coin's name, indicating a basic level of knowledge.
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39.
Behavioral
objectives often address the rate of a behavior. Which of the
following is NOT an acceptable rate statement?
A.
Solve 20 problems correctly each session
B.
Work for 2 hours without taking a break
C.
Complete 4 reports per grading period
D.
Read 30 words correctly per minute
Correct Answer
B. Work for 2 hours without taking a break
Explanation This statement is not an acceptable rate statement because it does not specify a measurable behavior or a specific rate. It only states a duration of time without any indication of what the person should be doing during that time. The other options provide clear and measurable rate statements such as solving a certain number of problems correctly, completing a specific number of reports, or reading a certain number of words per minute.
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40.
After a student has reached the acquisition
level stated in a behavioral objective, teachers should be concerned
with the next level in the hierarchy of response competence. This
level refers to the appropriateness of the rate at which a student is
accurately performing the newly acquired response. This level of the
response competence hierarchy is called ___________.
Correct Answer fluency
Explanation After a student has reached the acquisition level stated in a behavioral objective, teachers should be concerned with the next level in the hierarchy of response competence. This level refers to the appropriateness of the rate at which a student is accurately performing the newly acquired response. This level of the response competence hierarchy is called fluency.
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41.
_________________ refers to
the ability to perform-and adapt, if necessary-the behavior under conditions
different from those in place during acquisition.
Correct Answer generalization
Explanation Generalization refers to the ability to apply and adjust learned behavior in situations that may be different from the ones in which the behavior was initially learned. It involves using knowledge and skills in new or unfamiliar contexts, demonstrating flexibility and adaptability. Generalization allows individuals to transfer what they have learned to various situations and environments, enhancing their overall learning and problem-solving abilities.
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42.
All the required components
are included in this behavioral objective:
Joe will write in cursive
handwriting, 20 fourth grade spelling words from dictation by the resource
teacher, with no more than two errors for 3 consecutive weeks.
A.
True
B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation The given statement is true. The behavioral objective clearly states that Joe will write in cursive handwriting, 20 fourth-grade spelling words from dictation by the resource teacher, with no more than two errors for 3 consecutive weeks. This objective includes all the necessary components, such as the specific task (writing in cursive handwriting), the number of words (20), the source of the words (dictation by the resource teacher), the maximum number of errors allowed (no more than two), and the duration of the task (3 consecutive weeks).
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43.
The process of refining
broad generalizations into specific, observable, measurable behaviors is known
as:
A.
Individualizing
B.
Specifying
C.
Pinpointing
D.
Modifying
Correct Answer
C. Pinpointing
Explanation Pinpointing refers to the process of refining broad generalizations into specific, observable, measurable behaviors. It involves narrowing down and specifying the behaviors that need to be observed or measured in order to accurately assess or understand a situation or phenomenon. This process helps in making the generalizations more precise and concrete, allowing for a more accurate analysis or evaluation.
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44.
Conditions are ______________ stimuli related to
the target behavior.
Correct Answer antecedent
Explanation Conditions are antecedent stimuli related to the target behavior. Antecedents are events or situations that occur before the target behavior and can influence its occurrence. They can include cues, prompts, instructions, or environmental factors that signal or trigger the behavior. By manipulating the antecedent conditions, one can increase or decrease the likelihood of the target behavior occurring.
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45.
Which component is missing
from the following objective? When presented with a textbook and the
verbal directive to read a specific page, Allison will open her book and begin
reading.
A.
Conditions under which the behavior is to be displayed
B.
Target behavior
C.
Learner
D.
Criteria for acceptable performance
Correct Answer
D. Criteria for acceptable performance
Explanation The missing component from the objective is "criteria for acceptable performance." This component specifies the standards or expectations that need to be met in order to determine whether Allison's behavior of opening her book and beginning to read is considered acceptable. It provides a clear benchmark for evaluating her performance.
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46.
Behavioral objectives are important elements of:
A.
Behavioral objectives are important elements of:
B.
Individualized transition plans (ITPs)
C.
Behavioral intervention plans (BIPs)
D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation Behavioral objectives are important elements of both individualized transition plans (ITPs) and behavioral intervention plans (BIPs). ITPs are personalized plans that outline goals and strategies to help individuals with disabilities transition from school to adulthood. Behavioral objectives are crucial in ITPs as they help identify specific behaviors that need to be addressed and improved upon to ensure a successful transition. Similarly, BIPs are plans designed to address challenging behaviors and provide strategies for improvement. Behavioral objectives play a vital role in BIPs as they help define the target behaviors and set clear goals for behavior change. Therefore, the correct answer is all of the above.
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47.
Directly
observable behaviors include:
A.
To identify, to apply, to be aware
B.
To name, to point to, to read orally
C.
To think, to analyze, to determine
D.
To discover, to understand, to appreciate
Correct Answer
B. To name, to point to, to read orally
Explanation Directly observable behaviors refer to actions or behaviors that can be seen or witnessed directly without any interpretation or inference. These behaviors include naming objects or things, pointing to specific items, and reading aloud. These actions can be easily observed and verified by others without any additional explanation or analysis.
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48.
Within Bloom's
(1956) hierarchy of learning, which of the following levels requires use of
methods, concepts, or theories in various concrete situations? An example
of this level of learning would be the FSU practicum student who uses ABA
techniques in her classroom to observe and record behavior.
A.
Synthesis
B.
Analysis
C.
Application
D.
Evaluation
Correct Answer
C. Application
Explanation The level of learning that requires the use of methods, concepts, or theories in various concrete situations is application. This level involves applying knowledge and skills to solve problems or complete tasks in real-life situations. In the given example, the FSU practicum student is using applied behavior analysis (ABA) techniques in her classroom to observe and record behavior, which demonstrates the application of theoretical knowledge in a practical setting.
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49.
This dimension
of behavior refers to the length of time from the start to the finish of a
response.
A.
Intensity
B.
Duration
C.
Latency
D.
Rate or percentage
Correct Answer
B. Duration
Explanation Duration refers to the length of time from the start to the finish of a response. It is a measure of how long a behavior lasts. Intensity, on the other hand, refers to the strength or force of a behavior. Latency refers to the time it takes for a behavior to begin after a stimulus is presented. Rate or percentage refers to the frequency or proportion of a behavior occurring within a specific time frame. Therefore, duration is the most appropriate dimension of behavior that relates to the length of time from start to finish.
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50.
This part of a
behavioral objective specifies the standards for determining when the objective
has been accomplished.
A.
None of the above
B.
The target behavior
C.
The criterion statement
D.
The condition statement
Correct Answer
C. The criterion statement
Explanation The criterion statement is the part of a behavioral objective that specifies the standards for determining when the objective has been accomplished. It outlines the specific criteria or measures that will be used to assess whether the desired behavior has been achieved. This statement helps to provide clarity and objectivity in evaluating the success of the objective.
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