Elderly Nutrition MCQ Quiz And Answers

The correct answer is "All of the above." This means that all the reasons mentioned in the options can contribute to why getting groceries at the store may be difficult for the elderly. They may not have access to transportation, making it challenging for them to travel to the store. Carrying heavy grocery bags from the car to their house can be physically demanding for them. Additionally, they may have difficulty visually reading food labels and counting money due to age-related vision problems or cognitive impairments.

Whole wheat bread is a preferred food source of carbohydrates because it is made from whole grains, which contain all parts of the grain including the bran, germ, and endosperm. This means that whole wheat bread is higher in fiber and nutrients compared to white pasta, eggs, and lean meats. Carbohydrates are an important source of energy for the body, and whole wheat bread provides a slow release of energy due to its complex carbohydrate content.

If a resident is acting out during a meal, it is important to try to figure out why they are acting out. This is because there may be underlying reasons for their behavior, such as discomfort, pain, or frustration. By understanding the cause of their behavior, appropriate measures can be taken to address their needs and ensure their well-being. Walking away or laughing would not address the resident's needs, while walking away until you can calm down does not address the resident's needs or attempt to understand the reason behind their behavior.

Seating the resident by a window is not an important before meal activity to perform. Hand washing is crucial to ensure proper hygiene and prevent the spread of germs. Making sure the resident is in a comfortable position is important for their overall well-being and to ensure they can eat comfortably. Checking the residents' therapeutic and texture-modified diet is essential to ensure they receive the appropriate food based on their dietary needs. However, seating the resident by a window does not directly impact their meal preparation or consumption.

As individuals age, their ability to synthesize vitamin D from sunlight decreases, leading to an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. Additionally, elderly individuals may have reduced stomach acid production, which can impair the absorption of vitamin B12 from food. Therefore, the elderly are at an increased risk for deficiency of both vitamin D and B12.

A resident on a diabetic diet should consume cake in moderation because it is high in sugar and carbohydrates, which can cause a spike in blood sugar levels. Diabetics need to carefully manage their blood sugar levels to prevent complications, so it is important to limit intake of sugary foods like cake. Instead, lean chicken, green beans, and lean beef are better choices as they are low in sugar and carbohydrates and can provide protein and nutrients without causing large fluctuations in blood sugar levels.

Malnutrition can lead to prolonged wound healing because the body requires adequate nutrients, such as proteins, vitamins, and minerals, to support the healing process. When a person is malnourished, their body lacks these essential nutrients, which can impair the body's ability to repair and regenerate tissues. As a result, wounds may take longer to heal, increasing the risk of infection and other complications.

Severe food allergies are not a factor that may lead to the loss of self-feeding ability. Factors such as stroke, dysphagia, and general weakness can contribute to difficulties in self-feeding. Stroke can cause physical impairments that affect coordination and muscle control necessary for feeding. Dysphagia refers to swallowing difficulties, which can make it challenging to eat independently. General weakness can result from various medical conditions and can impact the ability to perform tasks such as feeding oneself. However, severe food allergies do not directly affect the physical ability to self-feed.

The correct answer is that the sink handle should not be turned off with a bare hand. This is because after washing hands, touching the sink handle with bare hands can contaminate the hands again. It is recommended to use a paper towel or tissue to turn off the sink handle to maintain cleanliness and hygiene.

As individuals age, their resting metabolic rate (RMR) decreases. RMR refers to the energy expended by the body for the maintenance of normal body functions and homeostasis. This decrease in RMR with age is primarily due to a decrease in muscle mass and an increase in fat mass. Muscle tissue is more metabolically active than fat tissue, meaning it requires more energy to maintain. Therefore, as muscle mass decreases and fat mass increases with age, the body's energy expenditure at rest decreases, leading to a lower RMR.

A mechanically altered diet is typically recommended for individuals who have difficulty chewing or swallowing. It consists of foods that are soft, easy to chew, and easy to swallow. Ground beef, mashed potatoes, and oatmeal can all be easily modified to fit this diet by adjusting their texture and consistency. However, a dinner roll is typically firm and requires more chewing, making it less suitable for someone on a mechanically altered diet.

Vitamins do not yield energy because they are not a source of calories. While they are essential for various bodily functions and play a crucial role in metabolism, they do not provide energy directly. Energy is primarily obtained from macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Vitamins function as coenzymes or cofactors in metabolic reactions, facilitating the conversion of food into energy, but they themselves do not contribute to energy production.

As individuals age, their body composition tends to shift, with an increase in fat mass and a decrease in fat-free mass. This means that as people get older, they tend to accumulate more fat in their bodies while losing muscle mass. This shift in body composition can be attributed to various factors such as hormonal changes, decreased physical activity, and a decrease in metabolic rate.

Encouraging the resident to try certain foods is not an example of minimal assistance because it involves actively persuading and influencing the resident's food choices. Minimal assistance typically refers to providing basic physical support or aid without actively influencing or directing the resident's actions.

Tasting the resident's food is not a proper way to check the temperature of the food and beverages. It is unhygienic and can lead to contamination. The other options mentioned are valid methods to check the temperature: dipping a clean fork or spoon into the food and placing a drop on the back of your hand, placing a hand above the food to feel the steam, and having the kitchen take the temperature of the food.

The correct answer is Juice Plus because the question asks for examples of nutritional supplements discussed in the education, and Juice Plus is not mentioned or discussed.

As people age, various changes occur in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. These changes include a decrease in gastric acid production, a decrease in saliva production, and an increased risk of dental caries. However, the absorption of fluid in the large intestines does not decrease with age. This means that the large intestines continue to absorb fluid effectively, even as a person gets older.

Washing hands vigorously for 15 seconds is not an example of a food and feeding safety precaution when assisting a resident. While washing hands is an important hygiene practice, the specific action of washing hands vigorously for 15 seconds is not directly related to food and feeding safety. The other options, such as holding a mug and utensils by the handles and not opening condiment packages with bare hands, are all examples of precautions that can help prevent contamination and ensure food safety.

The verbal cue "Remember to chew" is not a good example because it is redundant and unnecessary. When someone is eating, it is already implied that they should chew their food. This cue does not provide any additional information or guidance, making it ineffective and potentially annoying to the person being spoken to.