Learn About Human Embryology Quiz Questions
Embryology test. Good luck!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Conception is assumed to occur at _________ plus 14 days.
Explanation
Conception is assumed to occur at the Last Menstrual Period plus 14 days because it is based on the average length of a woman's menstrual cycle, which is typically 28 days. The assumption is that ovulation, when the egg is released and can be fertilized, occurs around day 14 of the cycle. Therefore, conception is believed to occur around this time, adding 14 days to the start of the last menstrual period.Rate this question:
- 2.
First day of bleeding as day 1 of the cycle
Explanation
The correct answer is "menses" because it refers to the first day of bleeding as day 1 of the menstrual cycle. This term is commonly used to describe the monthly shedding of the uterine lining in women, which typically lasts for a few days. By considering the first day of bleeding as day 1, healthcare professionals can track and monitor the duration and regularity of a woman's menstrual cycle.Rate this question:
- 3.
Date of ovulation occurs _____ days after menses
Explanation
The date of ovulation occurs around 14 days after the start of menses. Ovulation is the release of an egg from the ovary, and it typically occurs in the middle of a woman's menstrual cycle. The average menstrual cycle is about 28 days long, with ovulation occurring on day 14. However, it is important to note that every woman's cycle is different, and the timing of ovulation can vary.Rate this question:
- 4.
Fertilization, Cleavage, Migration and Implantation, formation of bilaminar disc
Explanation
The given sequence of events, fertilization, cleavage, migration and implantation, and formation of the bilaminar disc, describes the early stages of embryonic development. Fertilization occurs when the sperm and egg fuse to form a zygote. Cleavage is the rapid division of the zygote into multiple cells. Migration and implantation refer to the movement of the embryo to the uterus and its attachment to the uterine wall. Finally, the formation of the bilaminar disc marks the development of two distinct layers in the embryo. Therefore, the term "pre-embryo" is an appropriate description for this stage of development before the formation of a fully developed embryo.Rate this question:
- 5.
Weeks 1-2 - Fertilization, Cleavage, Migration and Implantation, formation of bilaminar disc
Explanation
The term "pre-embryo" refers to the early stage of development after fertilization but before the formation of the bilaminar disc. During this stage, the fertilized egg undergoes cleavage, where it divides into multiple cells, and then migrates and implants into the uterine wall. The formation of the bilaminar disc, which consists of two layers of cells, marks the next stage of embryonic development. Therefore, the term "pre-embryo" accurately describes the developmental stage mentioned in the given information.Rate this question:
- 6.
Development of organs and systems, except Nervous System
Explanation
The correct answer is "Embryo" because during the development of an organism, all of its organs and systems start forming from the embryo stage, except for the nervous system. The nervous system develops later in the process. This is a crucial stage in the development of an organism as it lays the foundation for the formation of various organs and systems that are essential for its survival and functioning.Rate this question:
- 7.
Weeks 3-8 - Development of organs and systems, except Nervous System
Explanation
The given answer "Embryo" is correct because during weeks 3-8 of development, the major organs and systems of the body start to form. This includes the development of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, and reproductive system. However, the nervous system develops later, starting around week 8. Therefore, the correct answer is "Embryo" as it accurately represents the stage of development during weeks 3-8, where organs and systems are developing except for the nervous system.Rate this question:
- 8.
Viability, increasein size; development of external genitalia
Explanation
The term "fetus" refers to the stage of prenatal development after the embryo stage and before birth. During this stage, the fetus continues to grow and increase in size. It also undergoes various developmental changes, including the development of external genitalia. Therefore, the given answer correctly identifies the term "fetus" as the stage of development that involves viability, increase in size, and the development of external genitalia.Rate this question:
- 9.
Weeks 9-38 - Viability, increasein size; development of external genitalia
Explanation
The given answer "Fetus" is correct because it accurately describes the stage of development that occurs between weeks 9-38. During this time, the embryo undergoes significant changes and is referred to as a fetus. The fetus becomes viable, meaning it has the potential to survive outside the womb, and it also increases in size. Additionally, the development of external genitalia is a notable milestone during this stage.Rate this question:
- 10.
266 days/38 weeks/9 months
Explanation
Parturition refers to the process of giving birth to offspring. The given answer, "parturition," is correct because it provides different units of time (266 days, 38 weeks, 9 months) that are commonly associated with the duration of pregnancy in humans. This suggests that the question is asking for a term related to childbirth or the act of giving birth, which is accurately represented by the term "parturition."Rate this question:
- 11.
When does fertilization occur?
Explanation
Fertilization occurs on day 14 of the menstrual cycle because this is typically when ovulation occurs. Ovulation is the release of a mature egg from the ovary, and it usually happens around day 14 in a 28-day menstrual cycle. Fertilization occurs when sperm meets the released egg in the fallopian tube, and it is during this process that pregnancy can occur. Therefore, day 14 of the menstrual cycle is the most likely time for fertilization to occur.Rate this question:
- 12.
Pre-embryonic period?
Explanation
The pre-embryonic period refers to the first two weeks of development after fertilization. During this time, the fertilized egg undergoes multiple cell divisions and forms a blastocyst. The blastocyst then implants into the uterine wall. This period is crucial for the formation of the embryo and the establishment of the placenta. Therefore, the correct answer is week 1 and week 2.Rate this question:
- 13.
Formation of what during the Embryonic Period?
Explanation
During the Embryonic Period, the formation of various structures occurs. The trilaminar disc refers to the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) that develop during this stage. Somites are segments that form along the neural tube and give rise to the vertebrae and muscles. Branchial arches are structures that develop in the head region and eventually form the jaw and face. Limbs also begin to form during this period. Additionally, the resorption of the tail takes place, as the embryo transitions from having a tail to developing a more human-like form.Rate this question:
- 14.
Teratogen is any substance that
Explanation
The correct answer is "crosses the placental blood barrier, and development abnormalities." This answer accurately describes a teratogen. A teratogen is any substance that can pass through the placental blood barrier, which is the protective barrier between the mother's blood and the fetus, and cause abnormalities in fetal development. This means that teratogens have the potential to negatively affect the growth and formation of the baby, leading to birth defects or other developmental issues.Rate this question:
- 15.
Crosses the placental blood barrier, and development abnormalities.
Explanation
A teratogen is a substance or agent that can cause abnormalities in the development of a fetus when it crosses the placental blood barrier. The given answer states that the substance crosses the placental blood barrier and causes development abnormalities, which aligns with the definition of a teratogen.Rate this question:
- 16.
How many classes are there for Teratogens
Explanation
There are four classes of teratogens. Teratogens are substances or agents that can cause birth defects or developmental abnormalities in an embryo or fetus. These four classes include physical agents (such as radiation or temperature extremes), infectious agents (such as viruses or bacteria), chemical agents (such as drugs or chemicals), and maternal conditions (such as poorly controlled diabetes or certain autoimmune diseases). Each class of teratogens has its own specific effects on fetal development and can pose risks at different stages of pregnancy.Rate this question:
- 17.
Classes of Teratogens
Explanation
The correct answer includes four classes of teratogens: chemicals, drugs, infectious bacteria and viruses, and radiation. Teratogens are substances or factors that can cause abnormalities or birth defects in developing embryos or fetuses. Chemicals such as alcohol, tobacco, and certain medications can have teratogenic effects. Drugs, both legal and illegal, can also be teratogens. Infectious bacteria and viruses, such as rubella or Zika virus, can harm the developing fetus. Lastly, exposure to radiation, such as X-rays or nuclear radiation, can also be teratogenic. These teratogens can have detrimental effects on the developing embryo or fetus, leading to various birth defects or developmental disorders.Rate this question:
- 18.
Chemical classes of Teratogen are
Explanation
The correct answer is alcohol and nicotine. Alcohol and nicotine are both known teratogens, substances that can cause birth defects or developmental abnormalities in a fetus. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome, which can result in physical, behavioral, and cognitive impairments. Nicotine, found in tobacco products, can also have harmful effects on fetal development, including an increased risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, and developmental issues. It is important for pregnant individuals to avoid alcohol and nicotine to ensure the health and well-being of their unborn child.Rate this question:
- 19.
Drugs classes of Teratogen are
Explanation
The correct answer includes tranquilizers, antidepressants, and antibiotics. These drug classes are known to have teratogenic effects, meaning they can cause harm to a developing fetus if taken during pregnancy. Tranquilizers are used to treat anxiety and can potentially lead to birth defects. Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), have been associated with an increased risk of certain birth defects. Antibiotics, particularly those in the tetracycline and fluoroquinolone classes, can interfere with fetal bone and teeth development. It is important for pregnant women to consult with their healthcare provider before taking any medications to ensure the safety of their unborn child.Rate this question:
- 20.
During Pregnancy in the US, the average number of medications prescribed is
Explanation
During pregnancy in the US, it is common for women to be prescribed an average of 6 medications. This could be due to various factors such as pre-existing medical conditions, pregnancy-related complications, or the need for prenatal vitamins and supplements. It is important for pregnant women to follow their healthcare provider's instructions and only take medications that are deemed safe during pregnancy to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby.Rate this question:
- 21.
Extra-embryonic
Explanation
The term "extra-embryonic" refers to structures or tissues that are outside of the developing embryo itself. The trophoblast is a specific type of cell layer that forms during early embryonic development and is part of the extra-embryonic structures. It plays a crucial role in implantation of the embryo into the uterus and later develops into the placenta. Therefore, the trophoblast is the correct answer as it is directly related to the concept of extra-embryonic development.Rate this question:
- 22.
The system that began developing first is the
Explanation
The nervous system is the system in the body that began developing first. It is responsible for transmitting signals between different parts of the body, allowing for communication and coordination. The development of the nervous system is crucial for the functioning of other systems and organs in the body. It plays a vital role in controlling bodily functions, responding to stimuli, and regulating behavior. As one of the earliest systems to develop, the nervous system sets the foundation for the growth and functioning of the rest of the body.Rate this question:
- 23.
Neural tube is highly susceptible ________.
Explanation
The neural tube is highly susceptible to teratogens. Teratogens are substances or factors that can cause abnormalities or malformations in the developing fetus. These can include drugs, alcohol, certain infections, and environmental factors. The neural tube is the embryonic structure that eventually develops into the brain and spinal cord, making it particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of teratogens. Exposure to teratogens during the critical period of neural tube development can lead to serious birth defects and neurological disorders.Rate this question:
- 24.
Second most common development abnormality
Explanation
Neural tube defects are the second most common development abnormality. This refers to a group of birth defects that occur when the neural tube, which forms the baby's brain, spinal cord, and spinal column, does not close properly during early pregnancy. These defects can vary in severity, with the most common types being spina bifida and anencephaly. Spina bifida occurs when the spinal column does not close completely, while anencephaly is a condition where a major part of the brain and skull is missing. These defects can have significant implications for the baby's health and development.Rate this question:
- 25.
First most common development abnormality
Explanation
Turner's Syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects females, where one of the X chromosomes is either partially or completely missing. This condition leads to various developmental abnormalities, making it the most common one. Symptoms may include short stature, infertility, heart defects, and learning disabilities. Early diagnosis and appropriate medical intervention can help manage the associated health issues and provide support for affected individuals.Rate this question:
- 26.
To avoid Neural Tube defects the U.S. Public Health Service recommends that all women of child-bearing age supplement the
Explanation
The U.S. Public Health Service recommends that women of child-bearing age supplement their diet with B Vitamin, Folate, at twice the recommended daily allowance (RDA) in order to prevent Neural Tube defects. This is because Folate plays a crucial role in the development of the neural tube in a fetus, which eventually becomes the baby's brain and spinal cord. By increasing the intake of Folate, the risk of these birth defects can be significantly reduced.Rate this question:
- 27.
Important features of fetal period in week 12-13
Explanation
During the fetal period in weeks 12-13, one of the important features is the differentiation of external genitalia. This means that the reproductive organs of the fetus start to develop and take on male or female characteristics. This is a crucial stage in the development of the baby's sexual organs and is an indicator of their biological sex.Rate this question:
- 28.
Important features of fetal period in week 14-16, month 4
Explanation
During the fetal period, which occurs between week 14 and 16 (month 4) of pregnancy, one of the important features is that the bony skeleton becomes visible on radiography. This means that the bones of the developing fetus can be seen using imaging techniques such as X-rays. This is a significant milestone in fetal development as it indicates the growth and ossification of the skeletal system. It allows healthcare professionals to assess the progress and health of the fetus, ensuring that everything is developing as expected.Rate this question:
- 29.
Important features of fetal period in week 21-38?
Explanation
During the fetal period in weeks 21-38, important features include the presence of vernix caseosa, which is a protective substance covering the baby's skin, weight gain as the baby continues to grow and develop, and the deposition of fat in the superficial fascia, which helps to insulate and protect the baby. These features are significant for the baby's development and preparation for life outside the womb.Rate this question:
- 30.
Is the waxy or cheese-like white substance found coating the skin of newborn humans
Explanation
Vernix caseosa is the waxy or cheese-like white substance found coating the skin of newborn humans. It is composed of sebum, dead skin cells, and lanugo hair. This substance acts as a protective barrier for the baby's delicate skin, preventing it from becoming dehydrated in the amniotic fluid. It also has antimicrobial properties, helping to protect the baby from infections. Vernix caseosa is usually absorbed into the baby's skin within a few days after birth, but its presence at birth indicates that the baby was born at full term.Rate this question:
- 31.
Vernix caseosa is
Explanation
Vernix caseosa refers to the waxy or cheese-like white substance that covers the skin of newborn humans. This substance serves as a protective layer, providing moisture and insulation to the baby's delicate skin. It also helps in regulating the baby's body temperature and preventing dehydration. Vernix caseosa is typically present at birth but gradually diminishes over time.Rate this question:
- 32.
Is fine, downy hair
Explanation
Lanugo refers to the fine, downy hair that covers the body of a developing fetus. This hair is usually shed before birth, but in some cases, it may persist after birth. Lanugo is more commonly seen in premature babies, who may have this hair on their shoulders, back, and forehead. It serves as insulation for the developing fetus and helps regulate their body temperature.Rate this question:
- 33.
Lanugo is
Explanation
Lanugo refers to fine, downy hair. This type of hair is commonly found on the bodies of fetuses and newborn babies. It serves as insulation to help regulate their body temperature. Lanugo typically sheds and is replaced by coarser hair as the baby grows and develops.Rate this question:
- 34.
Important features of fetal period in week 26-38?
Explanation
During the fetal period, which occurs between weeks 26 and 38 of pregnancy, one of the important features is the presence of lanugo. Lanugo refers to the fine, downy hair that covers the fetus's body during this stage of development. This hair serves as insulation and helps to regulate the fetus's body temperature. It also helps to protect the delicate skin. Lanugo is usually shed before birth, but its presence during the fetal period is a normal and necessary part of development.Rate this question:
- 35.
The most important event during the Fetal Period is the development of
Explanation
The most important event during the Fetal Period is the development of viability. Viability refers to the stage of fetal development when the fetus has the potential to survive outside the womb. This typically occurs around 24-28 weeks of gestation. It is a crucial milestone as it signifies that the fetus has developed enough to have a chance of survival if born prematurely. During this period, the organs and systems continue to mature, preparing the fetus for life outside the womb.Rate this question:
- 36.
Size of the Fetus at end of First Trimester?
Explanation
The size of the fetus at the end of the first trimester is typically described as being approximately one hand-width or 1 hand width. This measurement is often used as a general estimate to give an idea of the size of the fetus during this stage of pregnancy. It helps to visualize the size and development of the fetus, as the hand-width measurement is something that most people can easily understand and relate to.Rate this question:
- 37.
Size of the Fetus at end of Second Trimester?
Explanation
The correct answer is "one hand-length" or "1 hand length". This refers to the average size of a fetus at the end of the second trimester, which is typically around 10-12 inches in length. The measurement is commonly used as a reference point to estimate the size of the fetus during this stage of pregnancy.Rate this question:
- 38.
Size of the Fetus at end of Third Trimester?
Explanation
The correct answer is "fingertips to elbow." During the third trimester of pregnancy, the fetus grows significantly in size. By the end of this trimester, the fetus is approximately the length from the fingertips to the elbow of the mother. This measurement gives an estimate of the size of the fetus and is commonly used to track fetal growth and development.Rate this question:
- 39.
In what week does viability normally developed
Explanation
Viability, in the context of pregnancy, refers to the point at which a fetus has the potential to survive outside of the womb. Generally, this occurs around the 26th week of pregnancy. At this stage, the fetus has developed enough that its organs and systems are capable of functioning independently. This is why the correct answer is the 26th week.Rate this question:
- 40.
Viability normally develops when the fetus length is ____nm
Explanation
Viability refers to the ability of a fetus to survive outside the womb. The given answer of 250 nm suggests that viability typically develops when the fetus reaches a length of 250 nanometers. This length is likely a reference to a specific stage of fetal development, such as the end of the embryonic period when the fetus is transitioning into the fetal stage. However, without additional context or information, it is difficult to provide a more detailed explanation.Rate this question:
- 41.
Viability normally develops when the fetus weight ____ gm
Explanation
Viability normally develops when the fetus weight reaches 500 grams.Rate this question:
- 42.
When do lungs develop?
Explanation
During the embryonic period, which occurs during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy, the lungs begin to develop. The process starts with the formation of the respiratory diverticulum, a small outgrowth from the foregut. This diverticulum then elongates and branches, forming the bronchial tree. By the end of the embryonic period, the basic structure of the lungs, including the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli, has been established. However, it is important to note that lung development continues throughout the fetal period and even after birth.Rate this question:
- 43.
What week do lung become functional?
Explanation
The correct answer is 26 or 26th. This suggests that the lungs become functional during the 26th week of development. This is a crucial milestone in fetal development as it marks the point at which the lungs are capable of supporting breathing and gas exchange. Prior to this week, the lungs are not fully developed and are not able to function independently.Rate this question:
- 44.
The ______ becomes "Viable" when the lungs become functional
Explanation
The term "fetus" refers to the stage of development in the womb when the organs, including the lungs, become functional. Therefore, the fetus becomes "viable" when the lungs are able to support breathing and other necessary functions outside of the womb.Rate this question:
- 45.
There are ___ right lung lobes
Explanation
The correct answer is 3 because the right lung is divided into three lobes: the superior, middle, and inferior lobes. Each lobe has its own function and is responsible for different respiratory processes. The division of the lung into lobes allows for efficient oxygen exchange and helps in maintaining proper respiratory function.Rate this question:
- 46.
There are ___ left lung lobes
Explanation
The statement "There are 2 left lung lobes" indicates that there are two lobes in the left lung.Rate this question:
- 47.
Each lung lobe is partitioned into independent "______" segments
Explanation
Each lung lobe is partitioned into independent "bronchopulmonary" segments. The term "bronchopulmonary" refers to the combination of the bronchi (the main air passages in the lungs) and the pulmonary (related to the lungs) segments. These segments are distinct and separate from each other within the lung lobes, allowing for independent functioning and distribution of air and blood supply. This partitioning helps to ensure efficient ventilation and oxygenation of the lungs.Rate this question:
- 48.
The functional unites of the bronchopulmonary segments are small air-filled sacs called
Explanation
The bronchopulmonary segments are functional units of the lungs, and they contain small air-filled sacs called alveoli. These alveoli are responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during respiration. They have thin walls and a large surface area, which allows for efficient gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream. The alveoli play a crucial role in ensuring that oxygen is delivered to the body's tissues and that carbon dioxide is removed.Rate this question:
- 49.
Diffusion and exchange of gases occurs across the type ____ cells membrane
- 50.
Type ____ Cells produce 'Surfactant'
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