Endocrine System Quiz: MCQ Trivia!

1.

What is the type of glands that secrete hormones: called ductless glands?

A.

Endocrine Glands
B.

Exocrine Glands
C.

Bio-rhythms

Correct Answer
A. Endocrine Glands

Explanation
Endocrine glands are the type of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, without the use of ducts. These hormones then travel to target cells or organs in the body, where they regulate various physiological processes and maintain homeostasis. Unlike exocrine glands, which secrete their products through ducts, endocrine glands release hormones that act as chemical messengers and have widespread effects throughout the body. This is why endocrine glands are referred to as ductless glands. Bio-rhythms, on the other hand, refer to the natural cycles or patterns of physiological or behavioral processes in living organisms, and are not directly related to the type of glands that secrete hormones.

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2.

What are the types of glands that secrete into ducts: examples include sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and glands that secrete digestive enzymes?

A.

Receptor
B.

Tropic Hormones
C.

Exocrine Glands

Correct Answer
C. Exocrine Glands

Explanation
Exocrine glands are the types of glands that secrete into ducts. Examples of exocrine glands include sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and glands that secrete digestive enzymes. Unlike endocrine glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, exocrine glands release their secretions through ducts that lead to body surfaces or cavities. These glands play a crucial role in maintaining various bodily functions, such as regulating body temperature, lubricating the skin, and aiding in digestion.

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3.

What are the hormones that are "aimed at" a target?

A.

Biorhythms
B.

Tropic Hormones
C.

Receptor

Correct Answer
B. Tropic Hormones

Explanation
Tropic hormones are the hormones that are "aimed at" a target. These hormones are secreted by one endocrine gland and travel through the bloodstream to another endocrine gland, where they stimulate the production and release of another hormone. Tropic hormones play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes in the body by targeting specific organs or tissues.

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4.

What describes this pattern of hormone secretion: cortisol secretion is highest in the morning and lowest in the evening?

A.

Negative Feedback Control
B.

Biorhythms
C.

Second Chemical Messenger

Correct Answer
B. Biorhythms

Explanation
Biorhythms refers to the natural cycles or patterns that occur in the body, including hormone secretion. In this case, cortisol secretion follows a specific pattern where it is highest in the morning and lowest in the evening. This pattern is a part of the body's natural rhythm and is regulated by internal biological processes. Therefore, the correct answer is Biorhythms.

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5.

What are endocrine seretions that are classified as proteins, protein-like substances, or steroids?

A.

Endocrine Glands
B.

Target Tissue
C.

Hormones

Correct Answer
C. Hormones

Explanation
Hormones are endocrine secretions that are classified as proteins, protein-like substances, or steroids. They are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands and are released into the bloodstream to travel to target tissues. Hormones play a vital role in regulating various physiological processes in the body, such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and mood.

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6.

What describes a specific tissue or organ to which a hormone binds?

A.

Target Tissue
B.

Hormones
C.

Receptor

Correct Answer
A. Target Tissue

Explanation
The term "target tissue" refers to a specific tissue or organ in the body that is affected by a particular hormone. When a hormone is released into the bloodstream, it travels to its target tissue and binds to specific receptors on the cells of that tissue. This binding triggers a series of biochemical reactions that ultimately lead to the hormone's intended effects on the target tissue. In this context, the target tissue is the site where the hormone exerts its physiological actions.

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7.

What describes, for example, this sequence of events: corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which in turn stimulates the secretion of cortisol; as the blood level of cortisol increases, it shuts off the further secretion of ACTH and CRH?

A.

Second Chemical Messenger
B.

Tropic Hormones
C.

Negative Feedback Control

Correct Answer
C. Negative Feedback Control

Explanation
This sequence of events describes negative feedback control. Negative feedback control is a regulatory mechanism in which the output of a process inhibits or reduces the activity of the same process. In this case, the increase in cortisol levels inhibits the further secretion of ACTH and CRH, creating a feedback loop that helps maintain homeostasis.

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8.

Circadian rhythm is an example of:

A.

Biorhythm
B.

Tropic Hormones
C.

Receptor

Correct Answer
A. Biorhythm

Explanation
Circadian rhythm refers to the biological process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and other physiological and behavioral processes in a 24-hour cycle. Biorhythm is a term used to describe the natural cycles or rhythms that occur in living organisms. Since circadian rhythm is a type of natural rhythm that occurs in living organisms, it can be categorized as a biorhythm.

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9.

Jet lag and night shift work alter what pattern of hormone secretion?

A.

Second Chemical Messenger
B.

Biorhythm
C.

Negative Feedback Control

Correct Answer
B. Biorhythm

Explanation
Jet lag and night shift work can disrupt the body's natural biorhythm or circadian rhythm. Biorhythm refers to the regular pattern of hormone secretion and other physiological processes that occur over a 24-hour cycle. When individuals experience jet lag or work night shifts, their sleep-wake cycle is disrupted, causing a misalignment between their internal body clock and the external environment. This disruption can lead to alterations in hormone secretion patterns, including melatonin, cortisol, and other hormones that regulate sleep, metabolism, and other bodily functions.

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10.

Hormones bind to what special areas in the cell or on the surface of the cell membrane of the target tissue?

A.

Receptor
B.

Target Tissue
C.

Tropic Hormones

Correct Answer
A. Receptor

Explanation
Hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane or within the cell of the target tissue. These receptors are specific proteins that are designed to recognize and bind to the hormone molecules. Once the hormone binds to its receptor, it triggers a series of cellular responses that ultimately lead to the desired effect of the hormone on the target tissue. Therefore, the correct answer is "Receptor".

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11.

The menstrual cycle is an example of:

A.

Tropic Hormones
B.

Endocrine Glands
C.

Biorhythms

Correct Answer
C. Biorhythms

Explanation
The menstrual cycle is an example of biorhythms because it is a natural, recurring process that occurs in females and involves hormonal fluctuations and physiological changes. Biorhythms refer to the regular, cyclical patterns that occur in living organisms, such as sleep-wake cycles, circadian rhythms, and reproductive cycles. The menstrual cycle follows a specific pattern, involving the release of hormones from the endocrine glands, which regulate the reproductive system and prepare the body for potential pregnancy. Therefore, the menstrual cycle is a clear example of biorhythms in the human body.

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