Bone Tissue Trivia Questions: Quiz!

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Bone Tissue Trivia Questions: Quiz! - Quiz

Bone tissue is a mineralized connective tissue, which employs important functions in the body, such as support and safeguard of other tissues and mineral storage. Bone is a fragile structure depending on the different loading grades, and it depends on the mineral content that also strengthens the bone. Collagen provides the bone with elasticity. No bones about it; this quiz about bone tissue is for you.

Questions and Answers

1.

Bone consists of these issues:
- A.
  
  Bone or osseous tissue, mesothelium, dense connective tissue, epithelium, adipose tissue, and nervous tissue.
- B.
  
  Bone or osseous tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium, adipose tissue, and nervous tissue.
- C.
  
  Bone or osseous tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, adipose tissue, and nervous tissue.
- D.
  
  Bone or osseous tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium and nervous tissue.
Correct Answer
B. Bone or osseous tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium, adipose tissue, and nervous tissue.

Explanation
The correct answer is bone or osseous tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium, adipose tissue, and nervous tissue. This answer is correct because it includes all the different types of tissues that make up bone. Bone or osseous tissue is the main component of bone, while cartilage provides cushioning and support. Dense connective tissue helps to connect and support the bone. Epithelium is the outer layer of the bone, providing protection. Adipose tissue is found within the bone marrow, providing energy storage. Nervous tissue is also present in the bone, allowing for communication and coordination.

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2.

While histology is the study of tissues, osteology is the study of bone structure and the treatment of bone disorders.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Histology is indeed the study of tissues, while osteology specifically focuses on the study of bone structure and the treatment of bone disorders. Therefore, the statement is true as it accurately describes the respective fields of study.

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2
2
3.

What are the functions of bone?
- A.
  
  Support, protection, assistance in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, adipose tissue production.
- B.
  
  Support, protection, cartilage production, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, triglyceride storage.
- C.
  
  Support, protection, assistance in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, glucose storage.
- D.
  
  Support, protection, assistance in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, triglyceride storage.
Correct Answer
D. Support, protection, assistance in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, triglyceride storage.
4.

Consists of developing blood cells, adipocytes, fibroblasts, and macrophages:
- A.
  
  Osteoblasts
- B.
  
  Red bone marrow
- C.
  
  Spongy bone tissue
- D.
  
  Yellow bone marrow
Correct Answer
B. Red bone marrow

Explanation
Red bone marrow consists of developing blood cells, adipocytes, fibroblasts, and macrophages. It is responsible for the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Adipocytes are fat cells, fibroblasts are connective tissue cells, and macrophages are immune cells that help in the defense against pathogens. Red bone marrow is found in the spongy bone tissue of certain bones in the body. Yellow bone marrow, on the other hand, is mainly composed of fat cells and does not have the same role in blood cell production.

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5.

The epiphyseal plate is a thin layer of cartilage covering the epiphysis*
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The epiphyseal plate is a layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the diaphysis to grow in length.

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6.

Bone's shaft or body of a bone; the long cylindrical main portion of the bone is:
- A.
  
  Epiphysis
- B.
  
  Endosteum
- C.
  
  Disphysis
- D.
  
  Articular cartilage
Correct Answer
C. DispHysis

Explanation
The bone's shaft or body, which is the long cylindrical main portion of a bone, is referred to as the diaphysis. In the anatomy of long bones, such as those found in the arms and legs, the diaphysis makes up the central part of the bone, with the ends containing the epiphyses. The diaphysis is primarily composed of compact bone tissue and contains the medullary cavity, which houses bone marrow.

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34
7.

The distal or proximal ends of the bone are:
- A.
  
  Medullary
- B.
  
  Periosteum
- C.
  
  Diphysis
- D.
  
  Epiphysis
Correct Answer
D. EpipHysis

Explanation
The correct answer is Epiphysis. The epiphysis refers to the ends of a bone, specifically the rounded portion at each end. These regions are covered with a layer of cartilage and are important for the growth and development of bones. The epiphysis contains red bone marrow, which is responsible for producing blood cells. It also serves as an attachment point for tendons and ligaments.

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8.

Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis where the bone forms an articulation (joint) with another bone is:
- A.
  
  Medullary
- B.
  
  Epiphysis
- C.
  
  Articular cartilage
- D.
  
  Periosteum
Correct Answer
C. Articular cartilage

Explanation
The correct answer is Articular cartilage. Articular cartilage is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the epiphysis of a bone where it forms a joint with another bone. It provides a smooth surface for the bones to glide against each other, reducing friction and allowing for smooth movement at the joint.

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9.

A tough sheath of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage. It functions in bone growth, assists in fracture repair, protects the bone, helps nourish bone tissue, and serves as an attachment site for tendons and ligaments and is called:
- A.
  
  Periosteum
- B.
  
  Metaphysis
- C.
  
  Endosteum
- D.
  
  Medullary
Correct Answer
A. Periosteum

Explanation
The correct answer is periosteum. The periosteum is a tough sheath of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage. It has multiple functions including bone growth, assisting in fracture repair, protecting the bone, nourishing bone tissue, and serving as an attachment site for tendons and ligaments.

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10.

The space within the diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow in adults is the marrow cavity or the:
- A.
  
  Diaphysis
- B.
  
  Medullary
- C.
  
  Endosteum
- D.
  
  Epiphysis
Correct Answer
B. Medullary

Explanation
The space within the diaphysis of a bone that contains fatty yellow bone marrow in adults is called the medullary cavity. This cavity is located in the middle of the diaphysis and is surrounded by compact bone tissue. It serves as a storage site for yellow bone marrow, which is responsible for fat storage and can also act as a source of energy for the body. The medullary cavity is important for maintaining the structural integrity of the bone and providing support for bodily functions.

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11.

A thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity, contains a single layer of bone forming cells, and a small amount of connective tissue is:
- A.
  
  Endosteum
- B.
  
  Metaphysis
- C.
  
  Articular cartilage
- D.
  
  Periosteum
Correct Answer
A. Endosteum

Explanation
The correct answer is Endosteum. The endosteum is a thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity of bones. It contains a single layer of bone-forming cells called osteoblasts, as well as a small amount of connective tissue. The endosteum plays a role in bone remodeling and repair by providing a surface for osteoblasts to deposit new bone and osteoclasts to resorb old bone. It also contains blood vessels that supply nutrients to the bone tissue.

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12.

Bone tissue, like other connective tissues, contains an abundant matrix of intercellular materials that surround widely separated cells. Unlike other connective tissues, the matrix of bone is very hard.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Bone tissue is a type of connective tissue that is characterized by an abundant matrix of intercellular materials. These materials surround the cells of the bone tissue and provide support and structure. Unlike other connective tissues, the matrix of bone is very hard, due to the presence of minerals such as calcium and phosphate. This hardness gives bone its strength and allows it to withstand forces and protect vital organs. Therefore, the statement that the matrix of bone is very hard is true.

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13.

The hardness of bone results from the presence of inorganic mineral salts, mainly:
- A.
  
  Lacunae
- B.
  
  Hydroxyapatite
- C.
  
  Endosteum
- D.
  
  Canaliculi
Correct Answer
B. Hydroxyapatite

Explanation
The hardness of bone is due to the presence of inorganic mineral salts, mainly hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite is a calcium phosphate compound that provides strength and rigidity to the bone structure. It helps in resisting compression and provides support to the body. The other options mentioned, such as lacunae, endosteum, and canaliculi, are not responsible for the hardness of bone. Lacunae are small spaces in the bone where osteocytes are located, endosteum is the inner lining of the bone, and canaliculi are tiny channels that connect lacunae and allow for the exchange of nutrients between osteocytes.

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14.

Despite its hardness, bone is also flexible, a characteristic that enables it to resist various forces. The flexibility of bone depends upon its collagen fibers. Collagen fibers compose about 50% of the weight of bone. The remaining 50% of the bone matrix is water.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Collagen fibers compose about 25% of the weight of bone. The remaining 25% of the bone matrix is water.

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15.

The cells in bone tissue include:
- A.
  
  Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and articular cartilage.
- B.
  
  Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, lacunae, and osteoclasts.
- C.
  
  Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
- D.
  
  Osteology, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
Correct Answer
C. Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts." This is because these are the main cell types found in bone tissue. Osteogenic cells are responsible for bone formation, osteoblasts produce new bone tissue, osteocytes are mature bone cells that help maintain bone structure, and osteoclasts are involved in bone resorption and remodeling. The other options either include incorrect cell types or do not include all of the necessary cell types.

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16.

Unspecialized stem cells that are derived from mesenchyme, the tissue from which almost all connective tissues are formed. They are the only bone cells to undergo cell divisions; the resulting cells develop into osteoblasts are called:
- A.
  
  Osteoclasts
- B.
  
  Osteocytes
- C.
  
  Osteoblasts
- D.
  
  Osteogenic cells
Correct Answer
D. Osteogenic cells

Explanation
Osteogenic cells are unspecialized stem cells that are derived from mesenchyme, which is the tissue from which almost all connective tissues are formed. These cells are the only bone cells that undergo cell divisions. The resulting cells from these divisions develop into osteoblasts, which are responsible for bone formation. Therefore, the correct answer is osteogenic cells.

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17.

Bone building cells that synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and other organic components needed to build the extracellular matrix of bone tissue, and initiate calcification are:
- A.
  
  Osteogenic cells
- B.
  
  Osteoblasts
- C.
  
  Osteocytes
- D.
  
  Osteoclasts
Correct Answer
B. Osteoblasts

Explanation
Osteoblasts are bone-building cells that synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and other organic components required for the construction of the extracellular matrix of bone tissue. They play a crucial role in initiating calcification, which is the process of depositing calcium and other minerals to make the bone tissue hard and rigid. Osteoblasts are responsible for the formation of new bone and are essential for bone growth and repair.

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18.

Mature bone cells that are the main cells in the bone tissue and maintain it's daily metabolism, such as the exchange of nutrients and wastes with the blood are:
- A.
  
  Osteocytes
- B.
  
  Osteoclasts
- C.
  
  Osteoblasts
- D.
  
  Osteogenic cells
Correct Answer
A. Osteocytes

Explanation
Osteocytes are mature bone cells that play a crucial role in maintaining bone tissue. They are responsible for the daily metabolism of bones, including the exchange of nutrients and waste products with the blood. Osteocytes are embedded within the bone matrix and communicate with each other through tiny channels called canaliculi. They help regulate bone remodeling and repair, as well as sensing mechanical stress and strain on the bones. Overall, osteocytes are essential for the health and maintenance of bone tissue.

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19.

Depending on the size and distribution of spaces between it's hard components, the regions of a bone may be categorized as compact or spongy.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that the statement is true. The regions of a bone can indeed be categorized as either compact or spongy, depending on the size and distribution of spaces between its hard components. Compact bone is dense and solid, with minimal spaces between its components, while spongy bone has a more porous structure with larger spaces. This classification is based on the structural arrangement of the bone tissue and helps to provide strength and support to the skeletal system.

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20.

Bone tissue that contains few spaces and forms the external layer of all bones of the body and the bulk of the diaphysis of long bones is:
- A.
  
  Osteons
- B.
  
  Spongy bone tissue
- C.
  
  Endosteum
- D.
  
  Compact bone tissue
Correct Answer
D. Compact bone tissue

Explanation
Compact bone tissue is the correct answer because it is a dense and solid type of bone tissue that forms the external layer of all bones in the body and makes up the majority of the diaphysis (shaft) of long bones. It is composed of osteons, which are cylindrical structures that contain concentric layers of bone matrix and osteocytes. Compact bone tissue provides strength and support to the skeleton, protects internal organs, and helps with mineral storage and blood cell production.

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21.

Compact bone tissue contains red bone marrow.*
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Compact bone tissue provides protection and support and resists the stresses produced by weight and movement.

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22.

Compact bone tissue is arranged in microscopic units called ________ or haversian systems.
- A.
  
  Hydroxyapatite
- B.
  
  Osteons
- C.
  
  Endosteum
- D.
  
  Trabeculae
Correct Answer
B. Osteons

Explanation
Compact bone tissue is arranged in microscopic units called osteons or haversian systems. Osteons are cylindrical structures that consist of concentric layers of bone tissue called lamellae. These lamellae surround a central canal, which contains blood vessels and nerves. Osteons are responsible for the strength and support of compact bone, as well as the transport of nutrients and waste products.

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23.

Bone tissue which contains many large spaces, composes most of the bone tissue of short, flat, and irregulary shaped bones and most of the epiphysis of long bones is:
- A.
  
  Compact bone tissue
- B.
  
  Osteons
- C.
  
  Spongy bone tissue
- D.
  
  Endosteum
Correct Answer
C. Spongy bone tissue

Explanation
Spongy bone tissue is the correct answer because it is the type of bone tissue that contains many large spaces. It is found in short, flat, and irregularly shaped bones, as well as in the epiphysis (the ends) of long bones. Spongy bone tissue is less dense than compact bone tissue and provides strength and support while also reducing the weight of the bone. It is composed of trabeculae, which are small, needle-like structures that create a network of spaces filled with bone marrow.

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24.

An irregular latticework of thin columns of bone that are microscopic units of spongy bone tissue:
- A.
  
  Hydroxyapatite
- B.
  
  Haversian systems
- C.
  
  Trabeculae
- D.
  
  Concentric lamellae
Correct Answer
C. Trabeculae

Explanation
Trabeculae refers to an irregular latticework of thin columns of bone that are microscopic units of spongy bone tissue. These structures provide support and strength to the bone, as well as help in the distribution of forces and nutrients. They are responsible for the characteristic porous nature of spongy bone, which allows for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products. Trabeculae also play a role in bone remodeling and adaptation to mechanical stress.

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25.

Circular canal in the center of an osteon (haversian system) that runs longitudinally through the bone; the canal contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves is a
- A.
  
  Central (haversian) canal
- B.
  
  Concentric Lamellae
- C.
  
  Lacunae
- D.
  
  Canaliculi
Correct Answer
A. Central (haversian) canal

Explanation
The correct answer is Central (haversian) canal. The central canal is a circular canal that runs through the center of an osteon (haversian system) in a bone. It contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves, which supply nutrients and oxygen to the bone cells and remove waste products. The central canal is surrounded by concentric lamellae, which are layers of mineralized matrix that make up the bone. The lacunae are small spaces between the lamellae that house the bone cells called osteocytes. The canaliculi are tiny channels that connect the lacunae and allow for communication and nutrient exchange between osteocytes.

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26.

Rings of hard, calcified matrix are:
- A.
  
  Osteocyte
- B.
  
  Lacunae
- C.
  
  Concentric Lamellae
- D.
  
  Central (haversian) canal
Correct Answer
C. Concentric Lamellae

Explanation
Concentric lamellae are rings of hard, calcified matrix found in bone tissue. They are arranged around the central (haversian) canal and contain lacunae, which house osteocytes. These lamellae provide strength and support to the bone structure, as well as help in the transportation of nutrients and waste materials through the central canal.

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27.

Small spaces between lamellae which contain osteocytes are:
- A.
  
  Central (haversian) canal
- B.
  
  Canaliculi
- C.
  
  Osteon
- D.
  
  Lacunae
Correct Answer
D. Lacunae

Explanation
Lacunae are small spaces between lamellae that contain osteocytes. Osteocytes are mature bone cells that are responsible for maintaining the bone tissue. These cells are housed within the lacunae and have numerous processes that extend into tiny channels called canaliculi. The canaliculi allow for communication between adjacent osteocytes and facilitate the exchange of nutrients and waste products. Therefore, the correct answer is lacunae.

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28.

Mature bone cells located within a lacuna are:
- A.
  
  Concentric Lamellae
- B.
  
  Osteon (haversian system)
- C.
  
  Canaliculi
- D.
  
  Osteocyte
Correct Answer
D. Osteocyte

Explanation
Osteocytes are mature bone cells that are located within a lacuna. Lacunae are small spaces within the bone matrix where the osteocytes reside. These cells are responsible for maintaining the health and functioning of the surrounding bone tissue. They communicate with each other and with other cells through tiny channels called canaliculi, which allow for the exchange of nutrients and waste products. Osteocytes play a crucial role in bone remodeling and repair processes.

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29.

Microscopic structural units of compact bone made up of a central (haversian) canal plus it's surrounding lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi, an osteocytes are:
- A.
  
  Osteon (haversian system)
- B.
  
  Central (haversian) canal
- C.
  
  Concentric lamellae
- D.
  
  Lacunae
Correct Answer
A. Osteon (haversian system)

Explanation
The correct answer is Osteon (haversian system). An osteon is a microscopic structural unit of compact bone that consists of a central (haversian) canal, concentric lamellae, lacunae, and canaliculi. The central canal contains blood vessels and nerves, while the concentric lamellae are concentric rings of bone matrix that surround the central canal. The lacunae are small spaces within the lamellae that house osteocytes, which are mature bone cells. Canaliculi are tiny channels that connect the lacunae and allow for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between osteocytes and the central canal.

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30.

Canals that extend from the periosteum and contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves; they extend into the central (haversian) canals, medullary cavity, and periosteum are:
- A.
  
  Canaliculi
- B.
  
  Perforating (Volkmann's) canals
- C.
  
  Concentric Lamellae
- D.
  
  Central (haversian) canal
Correct Answer
B. Perforating (Volkmann's) canals

Explanation
Perforating (Volkmann's) canals are canals that extend from the periosteum and contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. They serve as connections between the central (haversian) canals, medullary cavity, and periosteum. These canals play a crucial role in providing nutrients and oxygen to the bone cells and removing waste products. They also facilitate communication between different parts of the bone and help in the repair and remodeling process.

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31.

Intramembranous ossification refers to the formation of bone within hyaline cartilage. In this process, mesenchyme is transformed into chondroblasts which produce a hyaline cartilage matrix that is gradually replaced by bone. Most bones of the body form by this process.*
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The correct answer is endochondral ossification.

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32.

Intramembrane ossification and endochondral ossification are two kinds of ossification that do not lead to differences in the gross structure of mature bones. They are simply different methods of bone formation. Both mechanisms involve the replacement of a preexisting connective tissue with bone.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Intramembrane ossification and endochondral ossification are two different methods of bone formation that do not result in differences in the overall structure of mature bones. Both processes involve the replacement of a preexisting connective tissue with bone. This means that regardless of whether bone is formed through intramembrane ossification or endochondral ossification, the resulting mature bones will have a similar gross structure. Therefore, the statement that these two types of ossification do not lead to differences in the gross structure of mature bones is true.

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33.

The first stage in the development of bone is the migration of the embryonic mesenchymal cells into the area where bone formation is about to begin. These cells increase in number and size and become osteogenic cells. In some skeletal structures where capillaries are lacking, they become chondroblasts; in others where capillaries are present, they become osteoblasts.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
During the development of bone, the first stage involves the migration of embryonic mesenchymal cells to the site where bone formation will occur. These cells then transform into osteogenic cells, which are responsible for bone formation. In some skeletal structures where there are no capillaries, these cells become chondroblasts, while in areas with capillaries, they become osteoblasts. This statement accurately reflects the process of bone development, making the answer "True" correct.

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34.

The osteoblasts are responsible for cartilage formation. Chondroblasts form bone tissue by intramembranous or endochondral ossification.*
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The chondroblasts are responsible for cartilage formation. Osteoblasts form bone tissue by intramembranous or endochondral ossification.

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35.

During childhood, bones throughout the body grow in thickness by appositional growth (deposition of the matrix on the surface), and long bones lengthen by interstitial growth:(the addition of bone material on the diaphyseal plate). Growth in length of bones normally ceases by age 21, although bones may continue to thicken.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Bones grow in thickness through appositional growth, which is the deposition of the matrix on the surface. Long bones, on the other hand, lengthen through interstitial growth, which is the addition of bone material on the diaphyseal plate. Growth in length of bones typically stops by the age of 21, although bones may still continue to thicken. Therefore, the statement "During childhood, bones throughout the body grow in thickness by appositional growth, and long bones lengthen by interstitial growth" is true.

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36.

A layer of hyaline cartilage in the metaphysis of growing bone that consists of four zones is the:
- A.
  
  Zone of calcified cartilage
- B.
  
  Epiphyseal plate
- C.
  
  Zone of resting cartilage
- D.
  
  Zone of proliferating cartilage
Correct Answer
B. EpipHyseal plate

Explanation
The epiphyseal plate is a layer of hyaline cartilage in the metaphysis of growing bone that consists of four zones. These zones include the zone of resting cartilage, where the cells are not actively dividing, the zone of proliferating cartilage, where the cells are rapidly dividing and increasing in number, the zone of hypertrophic cartilage, where the cells are enlarging and maturing, and finally the zone of calcified cartilage, where the cartilage matrix is calcified and replaced by bone. The epiphyseal plate is responsible for longitudinal bone growth in children and adolescents.

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37.

The zone nearest the epiphysis that consists of small, scattered chondrocytes is the:*
- A.
  
  Zone of proliferating cartilage
- B.
  
  Zone of calcified cartilage
- C.
  
  Zone of resting cartilage
- D.
  
  Epiphyseal plate
Correct Answer
C. Zone of resting cartilage

Explanation
The cells do not function in bone growth; they anchor the epiphyseal plate to the epiphysis of the bone.

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38.

The zone that consists of slightly larger chondrocytes arranged like stacks of coins are:
- A.
  
  Hypertonic cartilage
- B.
  
  Zone of resting cartilage
- C.
  
  Zone of proliferating cartilage
- D.
  
  Zone of calcified cartilage
Correct Answer
C. Zone of proliferating cartilage

Explanation
The zone of proliferating cartilage consists of slightly larger chondrocytes arranged like stacks of coins. This zone is responsible for the rapid division and multiplication of chondrocytes, leading to the growth and expansion of the cartilage tissue. As the chondrocytes divide, they push each other apart, forming columns or stacks of cells. This zone is located between the zone of resting cartilage and the zone of hypertonic cartilage in the growth plate of long bones.

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39.

The zone that consists of even larger chondrocytes that are also arranged in columns is the:
- A.
  
  Zone of calcified cartilage
- B.
  
  Zone of hypertrophic cartilage
- C.
  
  Zone of resting cartilage
- D.
  
  Zone of proliferating cartilage
Correct Answer
B. Zone of hypertropHic cartilage

Explanation
The zone that consists of even larger chondrocytes that are also arranged in columns is the Zone of hypertrophic cartilage. In this zone, the chondrocytes undergo hypertrophy or enlargement, and they are arranged in columns. This zone is located between the zone of proliferating cartilage and the zone of calcified cartilage. The hypertrophic chondrocytes play a crucial role in bone growth and development as they contribute to the formation of the primary ossification center.

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40.

The zone that is only a few cells thick and consists mostly of dead chondrocytes because the matrix around them has calcified is the:
- A.
  
  Zone of calcified cartilage
- B.
  
  Zone of hypertrophic cartilage
- C.
  
  Zone of proliferating cartilage
- D.
  
  Zone of resting cartilage
Correct Answer
A. Zone of calcified cartilage

Explanation
The zone that is only a few cells thick and consists mostly of dead chondrocytes because the matrix around them has calcified is the zone of calcified cartilage. This zone is located at the end of the growth plate and serves as a transitional zone between the hypertrophic and ossification zones. In this zone, the chondrocytes undergo apoptosis as the matrix around them becomes calcified. This calcification provides a solid framework for the deposition of bone tissue during the process of endochondral ossification.

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41.

The epiphyseal cartilage cells stop dividing and bone replaces the cartilage. The newly formed bony structure is called epiphyseal line.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The epiphyseal cartilage is responsible for the lengthening of bones during growth. As a person reaches adulthood, the cartilage cells stop dividing and are replaced by bone tissue. This process leads to the formation of a bony structure called the epiphyseal line. Therefore, the statement is true.

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42.

A fracture is any break in a bone.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
A fracture refers to any break in a bone. This can occur due to various reasons such as trauma, injury, or underlying medical conditions. Fractures can range from small cracks in the bone to complete breaks that result in bone displacement. They can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty in movement. Treatment for fractures may involve immobilization, casting, or surgery depending on the severity of the fracture. Therefore, the statement "A fracture is any break in a bone" is true.

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43.

The fractured ends of a bone can be reduced (aligned to their normal positions) by manipulation without surgery. This procedure is called open reduction.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
The correct answer is closed reduction

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44.

A fracture that must be exposed by surgery before the break can be rejoined is a procedure called open reduction.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Open reduction is a surgical procedure that involves exposing a fracture before realigning and rejoining the broken bones. This procedure is necessary for fractures that cannot be properly aligned and fixed without surgical intervention. Therefore, the statement that open reduction is a procedure used to expose a fracture before it can be rejoined is true.

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45.

Bones that have greater length than width, consist of a shaft and a variable number of extremeties (ends) are called: Examples: thigh (femur), leg (tibia and fibula), arm (humerus), forearm (radius and ulna), and finger and toe (phalanges).
- A.
  
  Long
- B.
  
  Short
- C.
  
  Flat
- D.
  
  Irregular
Correct Answer
A. Long

Explanation
Bones that have greater length than width, consist of a shaft and a variable number of extremities (ends) are called long bones. These bones are typically found in the limbs such as the thigh (femur), leg (tibia and fibula), arm (humerus), forearm (radius and ulna), and finger and toe (phalanges). These bones provide support, mobility, and protection for the body.

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46.

Bones that are somewhat cube-shaped, nearly equal in length and width are: Examples: wrist bones and ankle bones.
- A.
  
  Flat
- B.
  
  Long
- C.
  
  Sesamoid
- D.
  
  Short
Correct Answer
D. Short

Explanation
Short bones are bones that are somewhat cube-shaped and nearly equal in length and width. Examples of short bones include wrist bones and ankle bones. Unlike long bones, which are longer than they are wide, short bones have a more equal length and width ratio. Sesamoid bones are small, round bones embedded within tendons, and flat bones are thin and flat, like the bones of the skull. Therefore, the correct answer is short.

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47.

Bones that are generally thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone tissue enclosing a layer of spongy bone tissue are: Example: sternum (breastbone), ribs, and scapulae (shoulder blades).
- A.
  
  Short
- B.
  
  Long
- C.
  
  Irregular
- D.
  
  Flat
Correct Answer
D. Flat

Explanation
Bones that are generally thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone tissue enclosing a layer of spongy bone tissue are called flat bones. Examples of flat bones include the sternum (breastbone), ribs, and scapulae (shoulder blades). These bones provide protection to internal organs and also serve as attachment sites for muscles. They are flat in shape to provide a larger surface area for muscle attachment and to allow for the protection of underlying structures.

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48.

Bones that are very complex in shape; cannot be grouped into the long, short, or flat category are: Example: vertebrae, some facial bones, and calcaneus.
- A.
  
  Sesamoid
- B.
  
  Flat
- C.
  
  Long
- D.
  
  Irregular
Correct Answer
D. Irregular

Explanation
Bones that are very complex in shape and cannot be grouped into the long, short, or flat category are known as irregular bones. These bones typically have unique shapes and do not fit into any specific category. Examples of irregular bones include vertebrae, some facial bones, and the calcaneus.

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49.

Bones that are shaped like a sesame seed; small bones that develop in tendons and are variable in number are: Example: paired patellae (kneecaps).
- A.
  
  Sesamoid
- B.
  
  Irregular
- C.
  
  Flat
- D.
  
  Short
Correct Answer
A. Sesamoid

Explanation
Sesamoid bones are small bones that develop within tendons and are shaped like a sesame seed. They are variable in number and can be found in various locations throughout the body. These bones provide protection and improve the mechanical advantage of tendons, allowing for more efficient movement. Examples of sesamoid bones include the patellae (kneecaps), which are paired sesamoid bones located in the tendons of the quadriceps muscles.

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50.

Sutural bones are small bones in suture between certain cranial bones.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
Sutural bones are indeed small bones that are found in the sutures or joints between certain cranial bones. These bones are also known as wormian bones and can vary in number and shape among individuals. They are considered as accessory bones and are not present in every person. Therefore, the statement "Sutural bones are small bones in suture between certain cranial bones" is true.

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Quiz Edited by
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Sep 18, 2009

Quiz Created by
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Bone Tissue Trivia Questions: Quiz!

Bone consists of these issues:

While histology is the study of tissues, osteology is the study of bone structure and the treatment of bone disorders.

What are the functions of bone?

Consists of developing blood cells, adipocytes, fibroblasts, and macrophages:

The epiphyseal plate is a thin layer of cartilage covering the epiphysis*

Bone's shaft or body of a bone; the long cylindrical main portion of the bone is:

The distal or proximal ends of the bone are:

Thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis where the bone forms an articulation (joint) with another bone is:

The space within the diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow in adults is the marrow cavity or the:

A thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity, contains a single layer of bone forming cells, and a small amount of connective tissue is:

Bone tissue, like other connective tissues, contains an abundant matrix of intercellular materials that surround widely separated cells. Unlike other connective tissues, the matrix of bone is very hard.

The hardness of bone results from the presence of inorganic mineral salts, mainly:

Despite its hardness, bone is also flexible, a characteristic that enables it to resist various forces. The flexibility of bone depends upon its collagen fibers. Collagen fibers compose about 50% of the weight of bone. The remaining 50% of the bone matrix is water.

The cells in bone tissue include:

Unspecialized stem cells that are derived from mesenchyme, the tissue from which almost all connective tissues are formed. They are the only bone cells to undergo cell divisions; the resulting cells develop into osteoblasts are called:

Bone building cells that synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and other organic components needed to build the extracellular matrix of bone tissue, and initiate calcification are:

Mature bone cells that are the main cells in the bone tissue and maintain it's daily metabolism, such as the exchange of nutrients and wastes with the blood are:

Depending on the size and distribution of spaces between it's hard components, the regions of a bone may be categorized as compact or spongy.

Bone tissue that contains few spaces and forms the external layer of all bones of the body and the bulk of the diaphysis of long bones is:

Compact bone tissue contains red bone marrow.*

Compact bone tissue is arranged in microscopic units called ________ or haversian systems.

Bone tissue which contains many large spaces, composes most of the bone tissue of short, flat, and irregulary shaped bones and most of the epiphysis of long bones is:

An irregular latticework of thin columns of bone that are microscopic units of spongy bone tissue:

Circular canal in the center of an osteon (haversian system) that runs longitudinally through the bone; the canal contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves is a

Rings of hard, calcified matrix are:

Small spaces between lamellae which contain osteocytes are:

Mature bone cells located within a lacuna are:

Microscopic structural units of compact bone made up of a central (haversian) canal plus it's surrounding lamellae, lacunae, canaliculi, an osteocytes are:

Canals that extend from the periosteum and contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves; they extend into the central (haversian) canals, medullary cavity, and periosteum are:

Intramembranous ossification refers to the formation of bone within hyaline cartilage. In this process, mesenchyme is transformed into chondroblasts which produce a hyaline cartilage matrix that is gradually replaced by bone. Most bones of the body form by this process.*

Intramembrane ossification and endochondral ossification are two kinds of ossification that do not lead to differences in the gross structure of mature bones. They are simply different methods of bone formation. Both mechanisms involve the replacement of a preexisting connective tissue with bone.

The osteoblasts are responsible for cartilage formation. Chondroblasts form bone tissue by intramembranous or endochondral ossification.*

A layer of hyaline cartilage in the metaphysis of growing bone that consists of four zones is the:

The zone nearest the epiphysis that consists of small, scattered chondrocytes is the:*

The zone that consists of slightly larger chondrocytes arranged like stacks of coins are:

The zone that consists of even larger chondrocytes that are also arranged in columns is the:

The zone that is only a few cells thick and consists mostly of dead chondrocytes because the matrix around them has calcified is the:

The epiphyseal cartilage cells stop dividing and bone replaces the cartilage. The newly formed bony structure is called epiphyseal line.

A fracture is any break in a bone.

The fractured ends of a bone can be reduced (aligned to their normal positions) by manipulation without surgery. This procedure is called open reduction.

A fracture that must be exposed by surgery before the break can be rejoined is a procedure called open reduction.

Bones that have greater length than width, consist of a shaft and a variable number of extremeties (ends) are called: Examples: thigh (femur), leg (tibia and fibula), arm (humerus), forearm (radius and ulna), and finger and toe (phalanges).

Bones that are somewhat cube-shaped, nearly equal in length and width are: Examples: wrist bones and ankle bones.

Bones that are generally thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone tissue enclosing a layer of spongy bone tissue are: Example: sternum (breastbone), ribs, and scapulae (shoulder blades).

Bones that are very complex in shape; cannot be grouped into the long, short, or flat category are: Example: vertebrae, some facial bones, and calcaneus.

Bones that are shaped like a sesame seed; small bones that develop in tendons and are variable in number are: Example: paired patellae (kneecaps).

Sutural bones are small bones in suture between certain cranial bones.