Food And Nutrition 3rd Edition - Chapter 30 Testbank
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The Food and Nutrition testbanks consist of multiple choice questions that test your knowledge of the topics covered in the book. You can use these questions to check your understanding as you read through each chapter, or practise for your exam.
The Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Monash University is acknowledged for its contribution to these questions.
- 1.
Normal body fat for a young adult male is usually what proportion of body weight?
- A.
5-10%
- B.
10-18%
- C.
20-25%
- D.
25-30%
- E.
30-50%
Correct Answer
B. 10-18%Explanation
The normal body fat for a young adult male is usually around 10-18% of their body weight. This range is considered healthy and is necessary for various bodily functions. Having too little body fat can lead to health issues, while having too much can increase the risk of obesity-related diseases. Therefore, maintaining a body fat percentage within the 10-18% range is ideal for a young adult male.Rate this question:
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- 2.
When estimating body composition, two indirect laboratory methods with a greater degree of uncertainty are:
- A.
Underwater weighing and measurement of body potassium
- B.
Underwater weighing and measurement of body water
- C.
Measurement of body potassium and measurement of body water
- D.
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and body impedance analysis (BIA)
- E.
Skinfold thickness and body mass index
Correct Answer
D. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and body impedance analysis (BIA)Explanation
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and body impedance analysis (BIA) are both indirect laboratory methods used for estimating body composition. These methods have a greater degree of uncertainty compared to other methods mentioned in the options. DEXA measures bone mineral density and can also estimate fat and lean mass, while BIA measures the resistance of electrical current through the body to estimate body fat percentage. Both methods have limitations and can provide varying results depending on factors such as hydration levels and body positioning. Therefore, they are considered to have a greater degree of uncertainty in estimating body composition.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of the following would be considered to indicate the highest health risk for a Caucasian male?
- A.
BMI 23, waist measurement of 95cm
- B.
BMI 25, waist measurement of 93cm
- C.
BMI 23, waist measurement of 105cm
- D.
BMI 25, waist measurement of 93cm
- E.
BMI 27, waist measurement of 90cm
Correct Answer
C. BMI 23, waist measurement of 105cmExplanation
The correct answer is BMI 23, waist measurement of 105cm. This combination indicates a higher health risk for a Caucasian male because a waist measurement above 102cm is considered high risk for cardiovascular diseases and other health issues. Even though the BMI is lower compared to other options, the high waist measurement suggests a higher accumulation of abdominal fat, which is associated with increased health risks.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Frank is 80 years old. What BMI would be considered healthy for his age?
- A.
20kg/m2
- B.
18kg/m2
- C.
30kg/m2
- D.
26kg/m2
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. 26kg/m2Explanation
For an 80-year-old individual like Frank, a BMI of 26kg/m2 would be considered healthy. BMI is a measure of body fat based on height and weight, and it is used to assess whether a person has a healthy weight for their height. A BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 is generally considered healthy for adults, but as people age, a slightly higher BMI may be more appropriate to account for factors such as muscle loss and decreased bone density. Therefore, a BMI of 26kg/m2 falls within the healthy range for Frank's age.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Genetic and hormonal factors thought relevant in the development of obesity include:
- A.
Leptin resistance
- B.
The thrifty genotype
- C.
Elevated adipokines
- D.
Spontaneous activity
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "All of the above" because genetic and hormonal factors play a significant role in the development of obesity. Leptin resistance refers to the body's inability to respond to the hormone leptin, which regulates appetite and metabolism. The thrifty genotype hypothesis suggests that certain genetic traits related to energy storage and metabolism contribute to obesity. Elevated adipokines, which are hormones secreted by fat cells, can also contribute to obesity by affecting appetite and metabolism. Finally, spontaneous activity, or the lack thereof, can be influenced by genetic and hormonal factors and contribute to weight gain.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Visceral fat is thought to be:
- A.
More of a health risk than subcutaneous fat
- B.
Less of a health risk than subcutaneous fat
- C.
Influenced very little by heredity
- D.
The least readily available when energy is required from fat
- E.
The least active metabolically
Correct Answer
A. More of a health risk than subcutaneous fatExplanation
Visceral fat is considered to be more of a health risk than subcutaneous fat. This is because visceral fat is located deep within the abdominal cavity, surrounding vital organs such as the liver, pancreas, and intestines. It has been linked to various health problems, including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain types of cancer. In contrast, subcutaneous fat is located just beneath the skin and is generally considered to be less harmful. While both types of fat play a role in energy storage, visceral fat is associated with a higher risk of metabolic complications and overall poor health.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Studies have shown that:
- A.
Fat loss can only be achieved with regular long sessions of walking (e.g. 30 minute sessions) as opposed to several short daily sessions (e.g. three ten minute sessions)
- B.
Exercise programs are less effective than energy restriction programs in terms of weight loss in the long term
- C.
Diets which markedly restrict food energy intake cause an increase in metabolic rate thus contributing to weight loss
- D.
Those who maintain a lower plane of energy balance (less in and less out) live longer and have a lower coronary mortality
- E.
Energy restriction without exercise results in both loss of fat and lean mass
Correct Answer
E. Energy restriction without exercise results in both loss of fat and lean massExplanation
This statement suggests that when someone restricts their energy intake without engaging in exercise, they will experience a loss of both fat and lean mass. This means that their body will not only lose stored fat but also muscle mass. This is important to consider because losing muscle mass can have negative effects on overall health and metabolism. Therefore, it is recommended to combine energy restriction with exercise to promote fat loss while preserving lean muscle mass.Rate this question:
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- 8.
When advising the majority of individuals on weight control, which of the following would be important to remember?
- A.
Advice should address all aspects of diet, exercise and health
- B.
Weight loss should be the main focus
- C.
Energy intake should be reduced by 50% to allow weight loss of approximately two kilograms per week
- D.
Fat intake should be limited to no more than ten percent of energy intake
- E.
Low carbohydrate and food combining diets are useful and effective strategies
Correct Answer
A. Advice should address all aspects of diet, exercise and healthExplanation
When advising individuals on weight control, it is important to remember that advice should address all aspects of diet, exercise, and health. This means that weight control is not just about focusing on weight loss alone, but also considering overall well-being and adopting a balanced approach that includes a healthy diet, regular exercise, and maintaining good health. It is also important to note that there is no one-size-fits-all approach, and individual needs may vary. Therefore, addressing all aspects of diet, exercise, and health is essential for effective weight control.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Skinfold measurements are used to measure body fat and are more accurate than BMI for individuals who are:
- A.
Morbidly obese
- B.
Exercising
- C.
Body building
- D.
Significantly underweight
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Body buildingExplanation
Skinfold measurements are used to measure body fat by measuring the thickness of skinfolds at different areas of the body. This method is more accurate than BMI for individuals who are body building because BMI does not take into account muscle mass. Body builders often have high muscle mass and low body fat, so using skinfold measurements provides a more accurate assessment of their body composition.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which foods have the lowest satiety value?
- A.
High protein foods
- B.
High fat foods
- C.
Carbohydrate foods with a low glycaemic index
- D.
High fibre foods
- E.
Carbohydrate foods with a high glycaemic index
Correct Answer
A. High protein foodsExplanation
High protein foods have the lowest satiety value because they are quickly digested and absorbed by the body, leading to a rapid decrease in hunger and a shorter feeling of fullness. This is because protein stimulates the release of satiety hormones, such as peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide-1, which help to regulate appetite and reduce food intake. In contrast, high fat foods, carbohydrate foods with a low glycaemic index, high fibre foods, and carbohydrate foods with a high glycaemic index tend to have a higher satiety value as they take longer to digest and provide a longer-lasting feeling of fullness.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which foods may have a negative effect with respect to weight loss:
- A.
Artificially sweetened foods
- B.
Probiotics/prebiotics
- C.
Tea
- D.
Fish high in omega three fatty acids
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Artificially sweetened foodsExplanation
Artificially sweetened foods may have a negative effect on weight loss because they often contain artificial sweeteners, which can increase cravings for sugary foods and lead to overeating. Additionally, some studies have suggested that artificial sweeteners may disrupt the body's natural ability to regulate calorie intake, potentially leading to weight gain. Therefore, consuming artificially sweetened foods may hinder weight loss efforts.Rate this question:
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May 08, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Feb 21, 2011Quiz Created by
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