Gateway B2 Unit 6 Reading And Use Of English
- 1.
Questions 13-20. Complete the text with the correct form of the words given.
- 2.
Questions 1-12.Read the article about stress. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A–G the one which fits each gap. There is one extra sentence.
- 3.
Once considered a symbol of wealth, (1) ………………………(obese) is now known to be a danger to health. Although in some places being thin is still seen as a sign of illness, inmost parts of the world, being overweight is now viewed negatively. And with good reason. It increases the risk of heart disease, promotes high blood pressure and can lead to other serious health problems.
Explanation
The passage discusses how obesity, which was once seen as a symbol of wealth, is now known to be a danger to health. It explains that while being thin is still seen as a sign of illness in some places, in most parts of the world, being overweight is viewed negatively. The passage further states that obesity increases the risk of heart disease, promotes high blood pressure, and can lead to other serious health problems. Therefore, the correct answer is obesity, as it aligns with the information provided in the passage.Rate this question:
- 4.
In extreme cases, it is possible to have an (2) ……………………… (operate) to reducethe size of the stomach and prevent overeating, but most experts agree that it would be better to get to the root of the problem.
Explanation
In extreme cases, when all other methods fail to reduce the size of the stomach and prevent overeating, an operation can be considered. However, most experts agree that it is preferable to address the root cause of the problem rather than resorting to surgery.Rate this question:
- 5.
The most likely causes are environmental and can be linked to poverty. One of the problems is that traditional diets of grains and vegetables are giving way to a greater (3) ……………………… (take) of products that are high in fat and sugar because these foods are cheaper.
Explanation
The given correct answer for this question is "intake". The explanation for this answer is that the sentence mentions a shift from traditional diets to a greater "intake" of products that are high in fat and sugar. This implies that people are consuming more of these unhealthy foods, which is likely causing health issues. Additionally, it is mentioned that these foods are cheaper, suggesting that poverty may be a contributing factor to this increase in "intake" of unhealthy products.Rate this question:
- 6.
Although (5) ……………………… (fat) foods are a major part of the problem, it is sugar that is currently seen as the main culprit.
Explanation
The explanation for the correct answer "fatty" is that the sentence states that "Although (5) ... (fat) foods are a major part of the problem, it is sugar that is currently seen as the main culprit." This implies that the missing word should describe foods that are related to the problem but are not the main culprit, and "fatty" fits this description.Rate this question:
- 7.
Wealthy people, who have better access to nutrition (4) ………………………(educate), healthy foods and exercise facilities, tend to be slimmer. However, the problem is not just about eating the wrong things and lack of exercise.
Explanation
Wealthy people, who have better access to nutrition, education, healthy foods, and exercise facilities, tend to be slimmer. This suggests that education plays a significant role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. With access to education, individuals are more likely to be informed about proper nutrition and exercise, allowing them to make healthier choices. Education can also provide a better understanding of the importance of a healthy lifestyle, leading to a higher motivation to maintain a slim physique.Rate this question:
- 8.
And much of the sugar consumed today is hidden in (6) ……………………… (process) foods, such as ketchup, soft drinks, biscuits and even some breakfast cereals which arepromoted as a healthy option.
Explanation
The correct answer is "processed". The sentence states that much of the sugar consumed today is hidden in processed foods such as ketchup, soft drinks, biscuits, and even some breakfast cereals. This means that these foods have undergone a process or series of processes to be made and are not in their natural state. Therefore, "processed" is the correct answer.Rate this question:
- 9.
And excessive sugar consumption can lead to people becoming (7) ……………………… (addict) to sugar.
Explanation
Excessive sugar consumption can lead to people becoming addicted to sugar. This is because sugar activates the brain's reward system, causing the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. Over time, the brain can become desensitized to the effects of sugar, leading to a need for higher amounts to achieve the same level of satisfaction. This can create a cycle of cravings and dependence on sugar, similar to the way addiction works with drugs or alcohol.Rate this question:
- 10.
Some experts argue that if governments (8) ………………………(do) more to prevent the problem, there would be significant economic benefits in terms of reducing spendingon health care. However, this is a complex issue with no easy solutions.
Explanation
The correct answer is "did". In the given sentence, the verb "did" is used in the past tense to match the subject "governments". This suggests that the sentence is discussing actions that governments have already taken or failed to take in the past. The use of "did" implies that the argument being made is that governments have not done enough to prevent the problem, and if they had taken more action, there would have been economic benefits in terms of reducing healthcare spending.Rate this question:
- 11.
Stress: a modern illness? The twenty-first century seems to have brought with it a whole range of new medical problems. Many of these are related to our increased use of technology. For example, there are now several problems connected with using computers and mobile phones.Certain parts of our body ache because they are overused, like thumbs from too much texting, eyes from peering at small screens repeatedly and our ears from the increased volume of music we listen to on MP3 players and at clubs. (1) ……………………… . The list goes on and on. However, one of the biggest dangers to health today is not a direct result of technology but it is related to it. That is stress.
- A.
Obviously, it is not possible to stop studying for exams or going to work, but we can reduce stress if we approach these things in the right way.
- B.
They are under pressure to take and pass more and more exams.
- C.
But experts say that stress levels, and health problems caused by stress, have gone up alarmingly in recent years.
- D.
And people don’t take as many holidays as they used to.
- E.
We are also getting more ear infections because we share headphones.
- F.
This has the advantage of improving our general fitness as well so try to fit in some sport or gym time.
- G.
It also affects the heart and can cause problems related to blood pressure.
Correct Answer
E. We are also getting more ear infections because we share headpHones.Explanation
The given answer suggests that one of the reasons for the increase in stress-related health problems is the fact that people are getting more ear infections because they share headphones. This can be explained by the fact that sharing headphones increases the risk of transmitting bacteria and viruses, leading to infections. These infections can cause discomfort and pain, contributing to overall stress levels and negatively impacting health.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Stress has always been with us. The feeling of being overwhelmed and unable to control aspects of our lives seems to have been part of the human condition forever. (2) ……………………… One reason for this is that technology has speeded up our lives dramatically. Everything can happen instantly: communication, travel, accessing information and so on. This means that, whereas we used to have thinking time between communications both at work and in our personal lives, today that’s gone. People don’t have enough time to do nothing and sometimes our brains need that.
- A.
Obviously, it is not possible to stop studying for exams or going to work, but we can reduce stress if we approach these things in the right way.
- B.
They are under pressure to take and pass more and more exams.
- C.
But experts say that stress levels, and health problems caused by stress, have gone up alarmingly in recent years.
- D.
And people don’t take as many holidays as they used to.
- E.
We are also getting more ear infections because we share headphones.
- F.
This has the advantage of improving our general fitness as well so try to fit in some sport or gym time.
- G.
It also affects the heart and can cause problems related to blood pressure.
Correct Answer
C. But experts say that stress levels, and health problems caused by stress, have gone up alarmingly in recent years.Explanation
The answer "But experts say that stress levels, and health problems caused by stress, have gone up alarmingly in recent years" is the correct answer because it directly addresses the statement about stress being a part of the human condition and provides evidence to support this claim. It explains that stress levels have increased in recent years, leading to more health problems caused by stress. This aligns with the idea that stress has always been present, but has become more prevalent due to factors such as technology speeding up our lives.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Commuting to work used to be a time to relax and prepare for the day ahead or to wind down after a busy day. Now it’s the opposite. If you’re driving, the rush hour is usually one long traffic jam and if you’re on the train, you’ll probably be on your mobile phone or onyour laptop continuing the day’s work. Students don’t escape either. (3) ……………………… . So, the stress factor can start at an early age.
- A.
Obviously, it is not possible to stop studying for exams or going to work, but we can reduce stress if we approach these things in the right way.
- B.
They are under pressure to take and pass more and more exams.
- C.
But experts say that stress levels, and health problems caused by stress, have gone up alarmingly in recent years.
- D.
And people don’t take as many holidays as they used to.
- E.
We are also getting more ear infections because we share headphones.
- F.
This has the advantage of improving our general fitness as well so try to fit in some sport or gym time.
- G.
It also affects the heart and can cause problems related to blood pressure.
Correct Answer
B. They are under pressure to take and pass more and more exams.Explanation
The given correct answer suggests that students are under pressure to take and pass more and more exams. This is supported by the statement in the passage that students don't escape the stress factor, indicating that they also experience stress. The passage also mentions that stress levels and health problems caused by stress have increased in recent years, which further supports the idea that students are under pressure to perform well academically.Rate this question:
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- 14.
So, how can we best deal with our stressful lives? It is important that we try, as stress causes not only mental problems but physical ones, too. People under a lot of stress can become nervous and moody, and even suffer from severe depression. (4) …………………… It can affect our sleeping patterns, and when we don’t get enough sleep that leads to other problems, too.
- A.
Obviously, it is not possible to stop studying for exams or going to work, but we can reduce stress if we approach these things in the right way.
- B.
They are under pressure to take and pass more and more exams.
- C.
But experts say that stress levels, and health problems caused by stress, have gone up alarmingly in recent years.
- D.
And people don’t take as many holidays as they used to.
- E.
We are also getting more ear infections because we share headphones.
- F.
This has the advantage of improving our general fitness as well so try to fit in some sport or gym time.
- G.
It also affects the heart and can cause problems related to blood pressure.
Correct Answer
G. It also affects the heart and can cause problems related to blood pressure.Explanation
Stress can have a negative impact on our overall health, including our heart health. It can lead to problems related to blood pressure, such as high blood pressure or hypertension. When we are stressed, our body releases stress hormones that can constrict blood vessels and increase heart rate, putting extra strain on the heart. This can eventually lead to cardiovascular problems if not managed properly. Therefore, it is important to find ways to reduce stress in order to protect our heart and maintain good overall health.Rate this question:
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- 15.
According to the experts, we need to try to cut out some of the things that cause us most stress in our daily lives. (5) ……………………… Of course, stress affects different people in different ways, but one answer is to write down a list of things that you find stressful and find ways round them. If you are stressed because you tend to leave revising for tests to the last minute, the answer would be to spread the revision over a longer period.
- A.
Obviously, it is not possible to stop studying for exams or going to work, but we can reduce stress if we approach these things in the right way.
- B.
They are under pressure to take and pass more and more exams.
- C.
But experts say that stress levels, and health problems caused by stress, have gone up alarmingly in recent years.
- D.
And people don’t take as many holidays as they used to.
- E.
We are also getting more ear infections because we share headphones.
- F.
This has the advantage of improving our general fitness as well so try to fit in some sport or gym time.
- G.
It also affects the heart and can cause problems related to blood pressure.
Correct Answer
A. Obviously, it is not possible to stop studying for exams or going to work, but we can reduce stress if we approach these things in the right way.Explanation
The given answer explains that while it may not be possible to completely avoid studying for exams or going to work, we can still reduce stress by approaching these tasks in a more effective and healthy manner. The answer suggests that by finding ways to manage time better, such as spreading out revision over a longer period, we can alleviate some of the stress associated with these responsibilities. This approach acknowledges the importance of these obligations while also emphasizing the need to prioritize self-care and stress reduction.Rate this question:
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- 16.
If driving in the rush hour stresses you out, try putting on some calming music to distract you from the situation. If it’s possible, switch off your phone on the train and read a book! We all need time to relax, a time when we can do something we enjoy, such as reading or watching a film. Another excellent way to fight stress is to do some form of exercise.(6) ……………………… It is inevitable that the pace of life is going to speed up even further, and we shall have to deal with it. But as long as we allocate ourselves some down time, we’ll stay healthy. So, switch off that laptop and chill out.
- A.
Obviously, it is not possible to stop studying for exams or going to work, but we can reduce stress if we approach these things in the right way.
- B.
They are under pressure to take and pass more and more exams.
- C.
But experts say that stress levels, and health problems caused by stress, have gone up alarmingly in recent years.
- D.
And people don’t take as many holidays as they used to.
- E.
We are also getting more ear infections because we share headphones.
- F.
This has the advantage of improving our general fitness as well so try to fit in some sport or gym time.
- G.
It also affects the heart and can cause problems related to blood pressure.
Correct Answer
F. This has the advantage of improving our general fitness as well so try to fit in some sport or gym time.Explanation
The answer suggests that engaging in some form of exercise, such as sports or going to the gym, has the advantage of improving general fitness. It implies that incorporating physical activity into one's routine can be beneficial for overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Read the article again. Are these statements True, False or is the information Not Mentioned? Technology has contributed to new types of medical problems.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- C.
Not mentioned
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The article states that technology has contributed to new types of medical problems. Therefore, the correct answer is True.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Stress is a new type of illness.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- C.
Not mentioned
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement "Stress is a new type of illness" is false. Stress is not a new type of illness, but rather a natural response to certain situations. It is a normal part of life and can even be beneficial in some cases. While chronic or excessive stress can have negative effects on physical and mental health, it is not considered a separate illness in itself.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Students suffer more from stress than old people.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- C.
Not mentioned
Correct Answer
C. Not mentionedExplanation
The question states that it is not mentioned whether students suffer more from stress than old people. Therefore, the correct answer is "Not mentioned" as the information is not provided in the given statement.Rate this question:
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- 20.
People should change the way they handle things that are stressful.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- C.
Not mentioned
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement suggests that people should change their approach towards handling stressful situations. It implies that the current way of dealing with stress may not be effective, and therefore a change is necessary. The answer "True" indicates that the statement is correct and that people should indeed change their approach to handle stress more effectively.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Finding time to relax is not that important.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- C.
Not mentioned
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement "Finding time to relax is not that important" is contradicted by the answer "False". This suggests that finding time to relax is indeed important.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Experts suggest doing exercise can help reduce stress.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- C.
Not mentioned
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Exercise has been proven to have numerous benefits for both physical and mental health. When it comes to stress reduction, exercise helps in multiple ways. Firstly, physical activity releases endorphins, which are natural mood boosters and can help alleviate stress. Additionally, exercise provides a distraction from daily worries and allows individuals to focus on their body and movement, providing a mental break from stressors. Regular exercise also improves sleep quality, which is essential for managing stress. Overall, experts recommend exercise as an effective strategy for reducing stress.Rate this question:
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Aug 18, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 28, 2017Quiz Created by
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