Glomerulonephritis

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    In acute Glomerulonephritis the most common cause of infection is:

    • Syphilis
    • Measles
    • Steptococcus
    • Toxoplasmosis
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About This Quiz

This quiz focuses on Glomerulonephritis, a renal disease characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli. It covers causes, symptoms, and complications such as uremia, and provides guidance on when to seek medical attention, enhancing understanding and management of the condition.

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  • 2. 

    Glomeular damage allows what substance to enter the urine?

    • Protein

    • Bile

    • Neutrophils

    • Lipids

    Correct Answer
    A. Protein
    Explanation
    Glomerular damage refers to damage to the glomeruli, which are tiny blood vessels in the kidneys responsible for filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood. When the glomeruli are damaged, they may become permeable to substances that are normally not filtered, such as proteins. As a result, proteins can enter the urine, leading to a condition called proteinuria. This can be an indication of kidney dysfunction or disease.

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  • 3. 

    Glomerulonephritis is a renal disease characterized by:

    • Inflammation of the glomeruli.

    • Stricture of the glomeruli.

    • Destruction of the glomeruli.

    • Hypertension.

    Correct Answer
    A. Inflammation of the glomeruli.
    Explanation
    Glomerulonephritis is a renal disease characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli. The glomeruli are tiny blood vessels in the kidneys that help filter waste and excess fluid from the blood. Inflammation of the glomeruli can impair their function, leading to problems with urine production and filtration. This inflammation can be caused by various factors, such as infections, autoimmune disorders, or certain medications. Symptoms of glomerulonephritis may include blood in the urine, proteinuria, swelling, and high blood pressure. Treatment aims to manage the underlying cause and reduce inflammation to preserve kidney function.

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  • 4. 

    Patients with acute glomerulonephritis may have mild hypertension due to:

    • Increased intravascular pressure.

    • Retention of sodium and fluid.

    • Increased heart rate due to fever.

    • Elevated liver enzymes.

    Correct Answer
    A. Retention of sodium and fluid.
    Explanation
    Patients with acute glomerulonephritis may have mild hypertension due to the retention of sodium and fluid. Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, which can lead to impaired filtration and increased reabsorption of sodium and fluid. This retention of sodium and fluid can cause an increase in blood volume and subsequently result in hypertension. The other options, such as increased intravascular pressure, increased heart rate due to fever, and elevated liver enzymes, are not directly related to the development of hypertension in acute glomerulonephritis.

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  • 5. 

    Having an incidence of acute glomerulonephritis is less common after having a systemic streptococcal infection.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The given statement is false. Acute glomerulonephritis is actually more common after having a systemic streptococcal infection. This is because certain strains of streptococcus bacteria can trigger an immune response that causes inflammation in the glomeruli of the kidneys. This inflammation can lead to symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis, such as blood in the urine, swelling, and high blood pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

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  • 6. 

    The diagnostic test that allows for precise diagnosis and planning of treatment for glomerulonephritis is a renal biopsy.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    A renal biopsy is a diagnostic test that involves taking a small sample of kidney tissue to examine it under a microscope. In the case of glomerulonephritis, which is an inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, a renal biopsy is crucial for precise diagnosis and treatment planning. By analyzing the kidney tissue, doctors can determine the specific type and severity of glomerulonephritis, which helps in developing an appropriate treatment plan tailored to the individual patient's needs. Therefore, the statement that a renal biopsy allows for precise diagnosis and planning of treatment for glomerulonephritis is true.

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  • 7. 

    In a patient diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis the presence of nausea, vomiting, or anorexia may indicate what complication.

    • Acute Renal Failure

    • Uremia

    • Sepsis

    • Wenckebach periodicity

    Correct Answer
    A. Uremia
    Explanation
    Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are common symptoms of uremia, which is a complication that can occur in a patient diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis. Uremia is a condition where waste products normally excreted by the kidneys build up in the bloodstream. This can lead to various symptoms, including gastrointestinal disturbances like nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Therefore, the presence of these symptoms in a patient with acute glomerulonephritis may indicate the development of uremia.

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  • 8. 

    A patient discharged with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis should be instructed to call the doctor if they gain how much weight?

    • 2 pounds in a day.

    • 2 pounds in a week.

    • 10 pounds in a day.

    • 2 kilograms in a day.

    Correct Answer
    A. 2 pounds in a day.
    Explanation
    Patients with glomerulonephritis may experience fluid retention and edema, which can lead to rapid weight gain. A weight gain of 2 pounds in a day is significant and may indicate worsening of the condition. It is important for the patient to notify their doctor if they experience this level of weight gain in order to receive appropriate medical attention and management.

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  • 9. 

    Common symptoms seen with glomerulonephritis include all of the following:

    • Hematuria

    • Decreased GFR.

    • Fatigue

    • Elevated LFTs.

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Hematuria
    A. Decreased GFR.
    A. Fatigue
    Explanation
    Glomerulonephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, which are tiny structures in the kidneys responsible for filtering waste and excess fluid from the blood. Hematuria, or the presence of blood in the urine, is a common symptom of glomerulonephritis due to damage to the glomeruli. Decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is another common symptom, as it indicates a decrease in the kidney's ability to filter waste products. Fatigue is also seen in glomerulonephritis, likely due to the body's immune response and the buildup of waste products in the blood. Elevated LFTs (liver function tests) are not typically associated with glomerulonephritis and may indicate a different underlying condition.

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  • 10. 

    On discharge a patient diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis should be taught about the following topics:

    • Fluid and sodium restriction.

    • Daily weights and blood pressures.

    • Antibiotic dosage and regimen.

    • Uremic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or anorexia.

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Fluid and sodium restriction.
    A. Daily weights and blood pressures.
    A. Antibiotic dosage and regimen.
    A. Uremic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or anorexia.
    Explanation
    After being diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis, it is important for the patient to be educated about various topics to manage their condition effectively. Fluid and sodium restriction is crucial to prevent fluid overload and manage blood pressure. Monitoring daily weights and blood pressures helps in assessing fluid status and detecting any changes. Knowledge about antibiotic dosage and regimen is necessary to ensure proper treatment of the underlying infection. Lastly, being aware of uremic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or anorexia helps the patient identify and report any worsening of their condition.

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Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Feb 24, 2013
    Quiz Created by
    Lueckjf

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