Golongan Viiia (Gas Mulia)
- 1.
Pernyataan di bawah ini yang merupakan sifat gas mulia adalah....
- A.
Terletak dalam sistem periodik pada periode kedelapan
- B.
Nomor atom terkecil adalah 8
- C.
Sangat reaktif
- D.
Elektron pada kulit terluarnya 8, kecuali He
- E.
Merupakan molekul diatomik
Correct Answer
D. Elektron pada kulit terluarnya 8, kecuali HeExplanation
The correct answer is "elektron pada kulit terluarnya 8, kecuali He". This is because the statement refers to the octet rule, which states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have a full outer shell of 8 electrons. Noble gases are known for having a full outer shell, except for helium which has only 2 electrons in its outer shell. Therefore, the statement correctly identifies the characteristic of noble gases having 8 electrons in their outer shell, except for helium.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Gas mulia yang paling banyak terdapat di udara adalah....
- A.
Helium
- B.
Neon
- C.
Argon
- D.
Kripton
- E.
Xenon
Correct Answer
C. ArgonExplanation
Argon is the correct answer because it is the most abundant noble gas in the Earth's atmosphere. It makes up about 0.93% of the atmosphere, making it the third most abundant gas after nitrogen and oxygen. Helium, neon, krypton, and xenon are also noble gases, but they are present in much smaller quantities in the atmosphere.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Pasangan unsur gas mulia di bawah ini yang senyawanya telah dapat disintesis adalah....
- A.
Helium dan Kripton
- B.
Xenon dan Argon
- C.
Xenon dan Kripton
- D.
Helium dan Xenon
- E.
Helium dan Neon
Correct Answer
C. Xenon dan KriptonExplanation
Xenon and Krypton are noble gases that have been able to form compounds or synthesised compounds. This means that they can react with other elements to form chemical compounds, unlike other noble gases such as Helium and Neon which are generally inert and do not readily form compounds. Therefore, the correct answer is Xenon and Krypton.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Jari-jari terbesar dari unsur-unsur gas mulia adalah....
- A.
Neon
- B.
Argon
- C.
Kripton
- D.
Xenon
- E.
Radon
Correct Answer
E. RadonExplanation
The correct answer is Radon because it has the largest atomic radius among the noble gases. Atomic radius generally increases down a group in the periodic table, and since Radon is located at the bottom of the noble gases group, it has the largest atomic radius compared to Neon, Argon, Krypton, and Xenon.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Pernyataan yang salah mengenai gas mulia adalah....
- A.
Helium merupakan gas mulia yang paling ringan
- B.
Radon bersifat radioaktif
- C.
Xenon merupakan gas mulia yang paling banyak disintesis senyawa-senyawanya
- D.
Eenergi ionisasi neon lebih tinggi daripada energi ioniasasi kripton
- E.
Semua elektron valensi gas mulia berjumlah 8
Correct Answer
E. Semua elektron valensi gas mulia berjumlah 8Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that all noble gases have 8 valence electrons, except for helium which has only 2. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom and they determine the chemical properties of an element. Therefore, the statement that all valence electrons of noble gases add up to 8 is incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Gas mulia merupakan unsur yang sangat stabil karena... .
- A.
Energi ionisasinya rata-rata kecil
- B.
Tidak dapat bereaksi dengan unsur lain
- C.
Jumlah elektron terluarnya selalu delapan
- D.
Memiliki konfigurasi elektron yang stabil
- E.
Jari - jari atomnya relatif besar l
- F.
Jari - jari atomnya relatif besar l
Correct Answer
D. Memiliki konfigurasi elektron yang stabilExplanation
Gas mulia merupakan unsur yang sangat stabil karena memiliki konfigurasi elektron yang stabil. Konfigurasi elektron yang stabil pada gas mulia terdiri dari delapan elektron di kulit terluar, kecuali helium yang memiliki konfigurasi stabil dengan dua elektron. Karena konfigurasi elektron yang stabil, gas mulia cenderung tidak bereaksi dengan unsur lain dan memiliki energi ionisasi yang relatif kecil. Selain itu, jari-jari atom gas mulia relatif besar, yang juga berkontribusi pada stabilitasnya.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Manakah sifat gas mulia yang makin berkurang dengan bertambahnya nomor atom....
- A.
Volume atom
- B.
Jari jarri atom
- C.
Energi ionisasi
- D.
Kerapatan
- E.
Kereaktifan
Correct Answer
C. Energi ionisasiExplanation
Energi ionisasi adalah energi yang diperlukan untuk menghilangkan elektron dari atom atau ion yang netral. Semakin tinggi nomor atom, semakin banyak elektron yang ada dalam atom dan semakin rapat mereka terikat. Oleh karena itu, semakin tinggi nomor atom, semakin sulit untuk menghilangkan elektron dan energi ionisasi akan meningkat. Jadi, dengan bertambahnya nomor atom, energi ionisasi akan semakin meningkat.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Suatu zat dapat bersenyawa dengan unsur gas mulia, maka unsur tersebut bersifat....
- A.
Asam kuat
- B.
Basa kuat
- C.
Reduktor kuat
- D.
Amoter
- E.
Oksidator kuat
Correct Answer
E. Oksidator kuatExplanation
The correct answer is "Oksidator kuat". This means that the substance is a strong oxidizing agent. This suggests that the substance has a high tendency to gain electrons and undergo reduction reactions, making it a powerful oxidizing agent.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Untuk memperoleh gas mulia dapat dilakukan melalui ....
- A.
destilasi bertingkat udara cair
- B.
Pencairan udara dan penguapan gas mulia
- C.
Pendinginan udara kemudian didestilasi
- D.
penyulingan udara murni
- E.
Pemurnian udara dan penguapan gas mulia
Correct Answer
A. destilasi bertingkat udara cairExplanation
The correct answer is "destilasi bertingkat udara cair". This is because the process of obtaining noble gases can be done through fractional distillation of liquid air. Fractional distillation involves separating the components of a liquid mixture based on their different boiling points. In this case, the different components of air, including noble gases, can be separated by cooling and condensing the air to liquid form, and then gradually heating it to vaporize and collect the different gases.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Unsur gas mulia yang terdapat paling banyak di alam semesta adalah.....
- A.
Xenon
- B.
Kripton
- C.
Argon
- D.
Neon
- E.
Helium
Correct Answer
E. HeliumExplanation
Helium is the correct answer because it is the most abundant noble gas in the universe. It is found in large quantities in stars, especially during the process of nuclear fusion. Helium is also present in gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn. Although other noble gases like xenon, krypton, argon, and neon are also found in the universe, helium is the most plentiful.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Helium tergolong gas mulia, sebab ....
- A.
Bernomor atom 2
- B.
Elektronnya mengisi orbital s
- C.
Elektron valensinya 2
- D.
Sifatnya mirif Neon
- E.
Pada suhu kamar berwujud gas
Correct Answer
D. Sifatnya mirif NeonExplanation
Helium tergolong gas mulia karena sifatnya mirip dengan Neon.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Gas mulia dinyatakan sebagai molekul monoatomik, sebab ....
- A.
Molekul-molekulnya terdiri atas satu atom
- B.
Setiap atom gas mulia saling berikatan membentuk molekul
- C.
Bagian terkecil dari unsur gas mulia adalah molekul
- D.
Atom gas mulia sebenarnya berupa molekul
- E.
Atom-atom gas mulia membentuk molekul kovalen
Correct Answer
A. Molekul-molekulnya terdiri atas satu atomExplanation
The correct answer is "Molekul-molekulnya terdiri atas satu atom" because gas mulia, such as helium, neon, and argon, exist as individual atoms and do not form molecules. These atoms are stable and do not need to bond with other atoms to achieve a full outer electron shell. Therefore, they exist as monoatomic gases.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Pernyataan yang benar tentang jari-jari atom gas mulia adalah ....
- A.
Dari atas ke bawah dalam golongan makin kecil
- B.
Jari-jari atom helium lebih besar dari neon
- C.
Argon jari-jarinya hampir sama dengan kripton
- D.
Dari periode 1 hingga 5 xenon jari-jarinya terpanjang
- E.
Radon jari-jarinya lebih kecil dari xenon, karena radioaktif
Correct Answer
D. Dari periode 1 hingga 5 xenon jari-jarinya terpanjangExplanation
The correct answer states that from period 1 to period 5, xenon has the longest atomic radius. This is because as you move down a group or period in the periodic table, the atomic radius generally increases. Therefore, since xenon is located in period 5, its atomic radius is expected to be longer than elements in the previous periods.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Energi ionisasi gas mulia relatif tinggi, sebab ....
- A.
Gas mulia sulit menangkap elektron
- B.
Potensial reduksinya relatif rendah
- C.
Lebih sulit mengalami oksidasi dibanding reduksi
- D.
Lebih sulit menangkap elektron daripada melepas elektron
- E.
Sangat sulit melepaskan elektron terluarnya
Correct Answer
E. Sangat sulit melepaskan elektron terluarnyaExplanation
The correct answer suggests that noble gases have a high ionization energy because they find it very difficult to release their outermost electrons. This is because noble gases have a full valence shell, making them highly stable and less likely to undergo chemical reactions. As a result, they require a significant amount of energy to remove an electron from their outermost shell, leading to a high ionization energy.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Kereaktifan unsur-unsur gas mulia berikut yang benar adalah ....
- A.
Kemampuan bereaksi semua gas mulia sama
- B.
Xenon lebih reaktif daripada argon
- C.
Kripton tidak dapat direaksikan dengan unsur manapun
- D.
Senyawa helium, neon, argon belum dapat dibuat
- E.
Xe lebih mudah direaksikan dengan oksigen daripada fluor
Correct Answer
B. Xenon lebih reaktif daripada argonExplanation
Xenon is more reactive than argon because xenon can form compounds with other elements, while argon is considered inert and does not readily react with other substances. This is due to the difference in their electron configurations. Xenon has a larger atomic size and more electron shells compared to argon, which allows for more opportunities for chemical reactions to occur.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Ternyata Ar hingga Xe dengan kondisi tertentu dapat direaksikan dengan unsur lain yang memiliki sifat paling .....
- A.
Amfoter
- B.
Reduktor kuat
- C.
Elektropositif
- D.
Eleketronegatif
- E.
Logam
Correct Answer
D. EleketronegatifExplanation
The given question states that Ar to Xe can react with other elements under certain conditions. The term "eleketronegatif" refers to the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Since the question mentions that these elements can react with other elements, it implies that they have a tendency to gain or accept electrons, making them electronegative. Therefore, "eleketronegatif" is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Molekul-molekul gas mulia bersifat non polar, sebab ....
- A.
Ikatan antara atom-atomnya adalah kovalen non polar
- B.
Hanya terdiri atas satu atom yang bersifat netral
- C.
Molekulnya terdiri atas atom-atom yang netral
- D.
Kedudukan atom-atom dalam molekulnya simetris
- E.
Momen dipolnya lebih besar dari satu
Correct Answer
C. Molekulnya terdiri atas atom-atom yang netralExplanation
The explanation for the correct answer is that noble gas molecules are nonpolar because they consist of neutral atoms. In a nonpolar molecule, the distribution of electrons is symmetrical, resulting in no separation of charge and no dipole moment. Noble gases already have a full outer electron shell, making them stable and unlikely to form polar covalent bonds. Therefore, the molecules formed by noble gases are nonpolar.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Titik didih dan titik leleh He hingga Xe di bawah suhu kamar, sebab ....
- A.
Gaya tarik Van der Walls relatif lemah
- B.
Tekanan gasnya rendah pada suhu kamar
- C.
Molekul-molekulnya bergerak bebas
- D.
Atom-atomnya netral dan stabil
- E.
Molekul-molekulnya relatif ringan
Correct Answer
A. Gaya tarik Van der Walls relatif lemahExplanation
The correct answer is "Gaya tarik Van der Walls relatif lemah". This is because the boiling and melting points of He to Xe are below room temperature. This suggests that the intermolecular forces, specifically the Van der Waals forces, between the molecules of these elements are relatively weak. As a result, it requires less energy to break these forces and convert the substance from a solid or liquid to a gas at lower temperatures.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Titik didih dan titik leleh gas mulia dari He hingga Xe makin tinggi, sebab ....
- A.
Terjadi dipol sesaat
- B.
Terdapat gaya tarik coulomb
- C.
Energi ionisasi makin kecil
- D.
Gaya Van der Walls makin kuat
- E.
Gaya elektrostatik makin lemah
Correct Answer
D. Gaya Van der Walls makin kuatExplanation
The correct answer is "Gaya Van der Walls makin kuat" because as we move from He to Xe, the size and number of electrons in the atoms increase, resulting in stronger Van der Waals forces between the atoms. This leads to higher boiling and melting points for the noble gases.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Kegunaan gas mulia berikut yang benar adalah ....
- A.
Helium untuk pengawet makanan
- B.
Neon untuk lampu pembasmi nyamuk
- C.
Argon untuk lampu reklame
- D.
Kripton untuk katalis
- E.
Xenon untuk terapi kanker
Correct Answer
C. Argon untuk lampu reklameExplanation
Argon digunakan dalam lampu reklame karena memiliki sifat yang tidak reaktif dan stabil. Ketika listrik dialirkan melalui tabung lampu yang berisi argon, argon akan menghasilkan cahaya yang berwarna biru-violet. Cahaya ini memberikan efek yang menarik dan menonjol, sehingga cocok digunakan dalam lampu reklame untuk menarik perhatian orang.Rate this question:
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