Grammar Mastery Test, Chapter 18, Clauses

Explanation
The given sentence "As we walked down the street, it began to rain" contains two clauses, "As we walked down the street" and "it began to rain." The first clause "As we walked down the street" is dependent on the second clause "it began to rain" because it cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. The first clause provides additional information about the time or condition when the action in the second clause occurred. Therefore, the correct answer is "subordinate" as it describes the relationship between the two clauses.

Explanation
The word "subordinate" is the correct answer because it is the opposite of "independent." "Subordinate" means being in a lower or less important position, while "independent" means not being influenced or controlled by others. Therefore, "subordinate" is the correct choice to complete the sentence in a way that provides a contrasting meaning to "independent."

Explanation
The given sentence "Coming around the corner, Bill ran right into Marlene" contains a subordinate clause. The clause "Coming around the corner" does not express a complete thought on its own and relies on the main clause "Bill ran right into Marlene" to make sense. Therefore, the correct answer is "subordinate" as it accurately describes the grammatical function of the clause in the sentence.

Explanation
The given sentence contains two clauses: "Even though it was snowing" and "Aunt Ethyl insisted on watering the flowers." These two clauses can stand alone as separate sentences, indicating that they are independent clauses. The conjunction "even though" introduces a subordinate clause, but it does not make the clause dependent on the main clause. Therefore, the correct answer is independent.

Explanation
The given sentence states that the referee only called 5-yard penalties that day because he was in a good mood. This implies that the occurrence of calling 5-yard penalties is dependent on the referee's mood, indicating a subordinate relationship between the two clauses.

Explanation
The word "subordinate" is the correct answer because it means lower in rank or position. In the given context, Jimi Hendrix upset his dentist by telling him that he played the guitar with his teeth, implying that he did something unconventional or inferior compared to what the dentist expected. This suggests that the dentist holds a higher position or authority than Jimi Hendrix, making him subordinate to the dentist.

Explanation
The given correct answer is "independent" because the sentence is a simple request and does not rely on any other clause or phrase to make sense. The speaker is asking for gum if the listener has any to spare, without any additional conditions or requirements.

Explanation
The given sentence contains a dependent clause ("Despite his mother's reluctance") and an independent clause ("Rauol plunged ahead and bought a wolverine"). The dependent clause cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and relies on the independent clause to make sense. Therefore, the correct answer is "subordinate," as the dependent clause is subordinate to the independent clause.

Explanation
The given sentence "Please call me when you get home" contains a main clause "Please call me" and a subordinate clause "when you get home." The main clause can stand alone as a complete sentence, whereas the subordinate clause cannot. It depends on the main clause for its meaning and cannot function independently. Therefore, the correct answer is "subordinate."