Hair And Accessory Structures Of The Skin
Hair glands nails
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Hair is found on most skin surfaces except
- A.
Back
- B.
Soles and plantar surface of feet
- C.
Palms
- D.
Both a & b
- E.
Both b & c
Correct Answer
E. Both b & cExplanation
Hair is found on most skin surfaces except on the back, soles, and plantar surface of the feet, as well as on the palms. Therefore, the correct answer is "Both b & c" because both the soles and plantar surface of the feet and the palms are areas where hair is not found.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Hair is made up of _____________ & _______________ (mark all that apply)
- A.
Dead keratinised cells
- B.
Live keratinised cells
- C.
Extracellular proteins
- D.
Intracellular proteins
Correct Answer(s)
A. Dead keratinised cells
C. Extracellular proteinsExplanation
Hair is composed of dead keratinized cells, which means that the cells have lost their nuclei and other organelles but are still made of keratin. Keratin is a tough protein that provides strength and structure to the hair. Additionally, hair also contains extracellular proteins, which are proteins that are located outside of the cells. These proteins help to support and protect the hair strands. Therefore, both dead keratinized cells and extracellular proteins are important components of hair.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The superficial portion of the hair is called the
- A.
Root
- B.
Shaft
- C.
Follicle
- D.
Bulb
Correct Answer
B. ShaftExplanation
The correct answer is Shaft. The question is asking about the superficial portion of the hair, and the shaft refers to the visible part of the hair that extends above the surface of the skin. The root is the part of the hair that is embedded within the hair follicle, while the follicle is the structure in the skin from which the hair grows. The bulb is the rounded, bottom part of the hair follicle where the hair is formed. Therefore, the shaft is the most appropriate answer as it specifically refers to the visible portion of the hair.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What are the three concentric layers that make up the shaft and root of the hair
- A.
Follicle, bulb, medulla
- B.
Medulla, cortex, cuticle
- C.
Cuticle, follicle, cortex
- D.
Medulla, follicle, cuticle
Correct Answer
B. Medulla, cortex, cuticleExplanation
The correct answer is medulla, cortex, cuticle. The medulla is the innermost layer of the hair shaft, followed by the cortex which is the middle layer, and finally the cuticle which is the outermost layer. The medulla provides support and structure to the hair, while the cortex contains the pigment that gives hair its color and strength. The cuticle acts as a protective layer, sealing the hair and preventing damage.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which one of these is the inner most layer
- A.
Medulla
- B.
Cortex
- C.
Cuticle
Correct Answer
A. MedullaExplanation
The medulla is the innermost layer of a structure, such as the hair or the adrenal gland. In the context of the given options, the medulla would be the innermost layer of something.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The cortex is made up of _____________ in grey or white hair
- A.
Grey pigment
- B.
Air
- C.
Light pigment
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. AirExplanation
The cortex is the middle layer of the hair shaft and is responsible for the hair's strength and elasticity. It is composed of keratinized cells that contain air spaces, giving the cortex a spongy appearance. Therefore, the cortex is made up of air, not any of the other options mentioned in the question.Rate this question:
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- 7.
At the inferior base of the bulb is the ____________ of the hair which contains blood vessels that nourish growing hair.
- A.
Medulla
- B.
Cortex
- C.
Papilla
- D.
Follicle
Correct Answer
C. PapillaExplanation
The correct answer is papilla because the papilla is located at the inferior base of the hair bulb and contains blood vessels that provide nourishment to the growing hair. The medulla refers to the innermost layer of the hair shaft, the cortex is the middle layer, and the follicle is the structure that surrounds and supports the hair.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The Matrix of the hair - a ferminal layer of cells contained in the hair bulb arises from which layer of the epidermis
- A.
Stratum basale
- B.
Stratum spinosum
- C.
Stratum granulosum
- D.
Stratum lucidum
Correct Answer
A. Stratum basaleExplanation
The matrix of the hair, which is a layer of cells contained in the hair bulb, arises from the stratum basale layer of the epidermis. The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis and is responsible for the continuous production of new cells. This layer contains the stem cells that give rise to the matrix cells of the hair bulb, which in turn produce the hair shaft. Therefore, the correct answer is stratum basale.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What are the muscles that extend from the dermis and attach to the hair follicle called ___________. These muscles make the shaft become erect, which has the effect of causing goose bumps.
- A.
Plexus
- B.
Arrector pili
- C.
Savaceous gland
Correct Answer
B. Arrector piliExplanation
Arrector pili muscles are the muscles that extend from the dermis and attach to the hair follicle. When these muscles contract, they cause the hair shaft to become erect, resulting in the appearance of goose bumps on the skin.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What is the hair root plexus
- A.
Muscles
- B.
Glands
- C.
Nerve endings
Correct Answer
C. Nerve endingsExplanation
The hair root plexus refers to a network of nerve endings that surround the base of the hair follicle. These nerve endings are responsible for transmitting sensory information to the brain, such as detecting touch, temperature, and pain. They play a crucial role in the sensation and perception of the hair and its surrounding area.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Each hair follicle goes through a growth cycle. What cycle is described as "The hair is no longer growing and the follicle eventually shrinks to one sixth of its normal size"
- A.
Growth phase (anagen)
- B.
Transitional phrase (catagen)
- C.
Resting Phase (telogen)
Correct Answer
B. Transitional pHrase (catagen)Explanation
The correct answer is "Transitional phase (catagen)." During the catagen phase, the hair is no longer growing and the hair follicle begins to shrink in size. This phase marks the end of the active growth phase (anagen) and prepares the follicle for the resting phase (telogen), where the old hair is shed and a new hair begins to grow.Rate this question:
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- 12.
During which growth phase do the cells of the matrix differentiate, Keratinize and die.
- A.
Growth phase
- B.
Transitional Phase
- C.
Resting Phase
Correct Answer
A. Growth pHaseExplanation
During the growth phase, the cells of the matrix differentiate, keratinize, and die. This is the phase where the cells undergo changes and mature into specialized cells, such as keratinocytes, which produce the protein keratin. As the cells continue to differentiate and produce keratin, they eventually die and are sloughed off, making way for new cells to take their place. This process is essential for the renewal and maintenance of the skin and its protective barrier.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is Alopecia
- A.
Sudden hair growth
- B.
Sudden hair loss
- C.
Partial or complete lack of hair
Correct Answer
C. Partial or complete lack of hairExplanation
Alopecia refers to a condition characterized by partial or complete lack of hair. It is a medical term used to describe hair loss that can occur on the scalp or other parts of the body. This condition can be caused by various factors such as genetics, autoimmune disorders, hormonal changes, and certain medical treatments. The term "sudden hair growth" is incorrect as alopecia is associated with hair loss rather than hair growth.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What is the hair called on a foetus
- A.
Vellus hairs
- B.
Lanugo
- C.
Terminal
Correct Answer
B. LanugoExplanation
Lanugo refers to the fine, soft hair that covers the body of a developing foetus. It is usually shed before birth, but its presence is a normal part of fetal development. This hair helps to regulate the temperature of the foetus and protect its delicate skin. Vellus hairs, on the other hand, are the fine, short hairs that cover most of the body in children and adults. Terminal hairs are the thicker, longer, and darker hairs that grow in areas such as the scalp, eyebrows, and pubic region.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What is the hair growth at puberty called.
- A.
Vellus hairs
- B.
Lanugo
- C.
Terminal
Correct Answer
C. TerminalExplanation
During puberty, the body undergoes hormonal changes that stimulate the growth of thicker and darker hair in certain areas. This type of hair growth is referred to as "terminal" hair. Terminal hairs are more mature and fully developed compared to vellus hairs, which are fine, light-colored, and less noticeable. Lanugo, on the other hand, refers to the fine, downy hair that covers a fetus's body during gestation and is typically shed before birth. Therefore, the correct answer is "terminal."Rate this question:
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- 16.
The colour of hair is due to the amount and type of ___________
- A.
Keratin
- B.
Melanin
- C.
Both of these
- D.
None of these
Correct Answer
B. MelaninExplanation
The correct answer is Melanin. Melanin is the pigment responsible for the color of hair. It is produced by specialized cells called melanocytes, which are located in the hair follicles. The amount and type of melanin present in the hair determine its color, whether it be black, brown, blonde, or red. Keratin, on the other hand, is a protein that makes up the structure of hair, but it does not contribute to its color. Therefore, the correct answer is Melanin.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Nails are made of
- A.
Calcium cells
- B.
Melanin cells
- C.
Keratinised cells
Correct Answer
C. Keratinised cellsExplanation
Nails are made of keratinized cells. Keratin is a tough protein that forms the structure of nails, hair, and skin. These cells are produced in the nail matrix, which is located at the base of the nail. As the cells are pushed forward, they harden and become keratinized, forming the nail plate. This explains why nails are strong and durable. Calcium cells and melanin cells are not involved in the formation of nails.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is the portion of the nail called that is visible
- A.
Nail matrix
- B.
Nail body
- C.
Nail root
Correct Answer
B. Nail bodyExplanation
The portion of the nail that is visible is called the nail body. It is the part of the nail that extends beyond the fingertip and is often painted or manicured. The nail body is made up of keratin, a protein that gives it strength and durability. It is important to keep the nail body clean and well-maintained to promote overall nail health.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What is the crescent shaped area at the proximal part of the nail called
- A.
Body
- B.
Lunula
- C.
Matrix
- D.
Munula
Correct Answer
B. LunulaExplanation
The crescent-shaped area at the proximal part of the nail is called the lunula. It is a whitish, half-moon-shaped area that is visible on the nail. The lunula is actually the visible part of the nail matrix, which is responsible for nail growth. The matrix is located beneath the proximal nail fold and produces the cells that form the nail plate. The lunula appears lighter in color because it is the thickest part of the nail plate and less translucent.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What part of the nail is responsible for the growth of the nail
- A.
Nail root
- B.
Nail Matrix
- C.
Nail body
Correct Answer
B. Nail MatrixExplanation
The nail matrix is responsible for the growth of the nail. It is located at the base of the nail, just below the cuticle. The matrix contains specialized cells that divide and produce new cells, which then harden and form the nail plate. These new cells push older cells forward, causing the nail to grow. Therefore, the nail matrix plays a crucial role in the continuous growth and renewal of the nail.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Skin glands. What are the glands called that secrete milk in a female
- A.
Ceruminous glands
- B.
Mammary glands
- C.
Sudoriferous glands
Correct Answer
B. Mammary glandsExplanation
Mammary glands are the correct answer because they are the glands that secrete milk in a female. These glands are unique to mammals and are responsible for producing and delivering milk to nourish their offspring. The mammary glands undergo development and enlargement during pregnancy and lactation, and they play a crucial role in the reproductive and nurturing functions of female mammals.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which glands are found in the inner ear
- A.
Ceruminous glands
- B.
Sudoriferous glands
- C.
Sebaceous glands
Correct Answer
A. Ceruminous glandsExplanation
Ceruminous glands are found in the inner ear. These glands are responsible for producing cerumen, also known as earwax. Cerumen helps to protect the ear canal by trapping dust, debris, and bacteria, preventing them from reaching the delicate structures of the inner ear. This wax also helps to lubricate the ear canal, preventing dryness and irritation. Sudoriferous glands, on the other hand, are sweat glands found throughout the body, while sebaceous glands are oil glands found in the skin.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What do sebaceous glands secrete
- A.
Mixture of fats
- B.
Water
- C.
Bacteria
Correct Answer
A. Mixture of fatsExplanation
Sebaceous glands are responsible for secreting a mixture of fats called sebum. Sebum helps to lubricate and waterproof the skin, preventing it from drying out. It also helps to protect the skin from environmental factors and maintain its elasticity. The secretion of sebum is important for maintaining healthy skin and hair.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which glands are sweat glands
- A.
Sebaceous glands
- B.
Sudoriferous glands
- C.
Ceruminous glands
- D.
Mammary glands
Correct Answer
B. Sudoriferous glandsExplanation
Sudoriferous glands are the sweat glands in the human body. They are responsible for producing and secreting sweat, which helps regulate body temperature. These glands are found all over the body and are particularly abundant in areas such as the armpits, palms, and soles of the feet. Sweat produced by sudoriferous glands contains water, salts, and other substances that help cool down the body through evaporation. Therefore, sudoriferous glands are the correct answer to the question.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which type of sudoriferous glands only function at puberty
- A.
Eccrine Sweat glands
- B.
Apocrine Sweat glands
- C.
Both
- D.
Neither
Correct Answer
B. Apocrine Sweat glandsExplanation
Apocrine sweat glands are the type of sudoriferous glands that only function at puberty. These glands are found in specific areas of the body, such as the armpits and groin, and they become active during puberty under the influence of hormones. Unlike eccrine sweat glands, which are active throughout life and help regulate body temperature, apocrine sweat glands are responsible for producing a thicker and odorless secretion that is associated with body odor. Therefore, the correct answer is "Apocrine Sweat glands."Rate this question:
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- 26.
Greying hair occures because of the progressive decline in the enzyme ____________
- A.
Melaninase
- B.
Tyrosinase
- C.
Colourase
Correct Answer
B. TyrosinaseExplanation
Tyrosinase is the correct answer because greying hair occurs due to the progressive decline in the enzyme. Tyrosinase is responsible for the production of melanin, the pigment that gives hair its color. As the enzyme declines, there is a decrease in melanin production, resulting in the loss of hair color and the appearance of grey hair.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jun 08, 2009Quiz Created by
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