Anatomy Of The Human Heart Trivia Questions Quiz
Welcome to the Anatomy of the Human Heart Quiz! This quiz is designed to test your knowledge of the intricate structures and functions of the human heart. Whether you're a student, a healthcare professional, or simply curious about how the heart works, this quiz offers a fun and educational challenge. You'll be asked to identify key parts of the heart, including chambers, valves, and major blood vessels, and understand their roles in the circulatory system. Dive into questions that will enhance your understanding of this vital organ. Test your skills and learn new facts about heart anatomy. Good luck!
Anatomy of the Human Heart Questions and Answers
- 1.
The blood vessel that carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
- A.
Aorta
- B.
Pulmonary artery
- C.
Precordium
- D.
Chordae tendineae
- E.
Coronary arteries
Correct Answer
B. Pulmonary arteryExplanation
The pulmonary artery is the blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs. In the lungs, the blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. The aorta carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body, while the other options (precordium, chordae tendineae, coronary arteries) refer to different structures or vessels with different functions in the cardiovascular system.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The left ventricle ejects blood into this blood vessel.
- A.
Aorta
- B.
Pulmonary artery
- C.
Pulmonic valve
- D.
Coronary arteries
- E.
Pericardium
Correct Answer
A. AortaExplanation
The left ventricle is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood out of the heart and into the body's systemic circulation. The aorta is the largest artery in the body and carries this oxygenated blood away from the heart to supply it to the rest of the body's tissues and organs. Therefore, the correct answer is the aorta.Rate this question:
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- 3.
This AV valve "sees" oxygenated blood.
- A.
Tricuspid
- B.
Semilunar
- C.
Bicuspid
- D.
Pulmonic
- E.
Precordium
Correct Answer
C. BicuspidExplanation
The bicuspid valve, also known as the mitral valve, is located between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart. It allows the flow of oxygenated blood from the left atrium into the left ventricle, preventing backflow. Therefore, the bicuspid valve "sees" or regulates the flow of oxygenated blood. The other options, such as tricuspid, semilunar, pulmonic, and precordium, are not directly involved in regulating the flow of oxygenated blood.Rate this question:
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- 4.
This semilunar valve "sees" unoxygenated blood.
- A.
Tricuspid
- B.
Aorta
- C.
Bicuspid
- D.
Pulmonic
- E.
Precordium
Correct Answer
D. PulmonicExplanation
The pulmonic valve is the correct answer because it is the semilunar valve that is responsible for regulating the flow of blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs to be oxygenated. Therefore, the pulmonic valve "sees" or encounters unoxygenated blood as it opens and closes to control the blood flow in this pathway.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The pulmonary veins empty blood into this cardiac chamber.
- A.
Right atrium
- B.
Left atrium
- C.
Pericardium
- D.
Myocardium
- E.
Pericardial space
Correct Answer
B. Left atriumExplanation
The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart. The left atrium is the chamber of the heart that receives this oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins. It then contracts to pump the blood into the left ventricle, which will then pump it out to the rest of the body. The right atrium, on the other hand, receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it into the right ventricle to be sent to the lungs for oxygenation. Therefore, the left atrium is the correct answer as it is the chamber where the pulmonary veins empty blood into.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The venae cavae empties blood into this cardiac chamber.
- A.
Right atrium
- B.
Left atrium
- C.
Pericardium
- D.
Myocardium
- E.
Pericardial space
Correct Answer
A. Right atriumExplanation
The venae cavae are large veins that carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart. They empty this blood into the right atrium, which is one of the four chambers of the heart. The right atrium then pumps the blood into the right ventricle, which then pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation. Therefore, the correct answer is right atrium.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The sling-like fold of epicardium that supports the heart.
- A.
Right atrium
- B.
Left atrium
- C.
Myocardium
- D.
Pericardium
- E.
Pericardial space
Correct Answer
D. PericardiumExplanation
The pericardium is a protective sac that surrounds the heart and helps support it. It is made up of two layers, the outer fibrous pericardium and the inner serous pericardium. The serous pericardium has two layers itself, the parietal layer which lines the fibrous pericardium, and the visceral layer which covers the heart. The pericardium helps prevent the heart from overfilling with blood and also provides lubrication for the heart as it beats.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Actin, myosin, and sarcomeres are terms that describe this contracting layer.
- A.
Left ventricle
- B.
Right ventricle
- C.
Myocardium
- D.
Pericardium
- E.
Precordium
Correct Answer
C. MyocardiumExplanation
The terms actin, myosin, and sarcomeres are all related to muscle contraction. Actin and myosin are proteins found in muscle cells, and sarcomeres are the functional units of muscle contraction. The correct answer, myocardium, refers to the middle layer of the heart wall, which is composed of cardiac muscle tissue. This layer contracts to pump blood throughout the body, and the presence of actin, myosin, and sarcomeres in the myocardium allows for this contraction to occur.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The mitral valve and the aortic valve are associated with this cardiac chamber.
- A.
Right atrium
- B.
Left atrium
- C.
Pericardium
- D.
Right ventricle
- E.
Left ventricle
Correct Answer
E. Left ventricleExplanation
The mitral valve and the aortic valve are associated with the left ventricle. The mitral valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle, allowing blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle. The aortic valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta, allowing blood to be pumped out of the heart and into the rest of the body. Therefore, the left ventricle is the correct answer as it is directly connected to both valves.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The pulmonic and tricuspid valves are associated with this structure.
- A.
Right atrium
- B.
Left atrium
- C.
Pericardium
- D.
Right ventricle
- E.
Left ventricle
Correct Answer
D. Right ventricleExplanation
The pulmonic and tricuspid valves are associated with the right ventricle. These valves are responsible for regulating the flow of blood between the right atrium and the right ventricle. The pulmonic valve prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium, while the tricuspid valve controls the flow of blood from the right atrium into the right ventricle. Therefore, the correct answer is right ventricle.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Area of the anterior chest wall overlying the heart and great vessels.
- A.
Chordae tendineae
- B.
Pericardium
- C.
Pericardial space
- D.
Precordium
- E.
Myocardium
Correct Answer
D. PrecordiumExplanation
The precordium refers to the area of the anterior chest wall that overlies the heart and great vessels. It is the region where the heart can be palpated and auscultated. This term is commonly used in clinical examinations to describe the location where the heartbeat can be best heard and felt. The other options listed are not specific to the area overlying the heart and great vessels, making them incorrect answers.Rate this question:
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- 12.
These blood vessels arise at the base of the aorta just beyond the aortic valve.
- A.
Coronary arteries
- B.
Pulmonary artery
- C.
Chordae tendineae
- D.
Myocardium
- E.
Bicuspid valve
Correct Answer
A. Coronary arteriesExplanation
The coronary arteries are the blood vessels that arise at the base of the aorta just beyond the aortic valve. These arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle, or myocardium. The myocardium needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients to function properly, and the coronary arteries fulfill this role by delivering blood to the heart. Without the coronary arteries, the heart would not receive the necessary blood supply, leading to heart muscle damage and potentially a heart attack.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Attach the cusps of the AV valves to the ventricular walls.
- A.
Coronary arteries
- B.
Pericardium
- C.
Myocardium
- D.
Precordium
- E.
Chordae tendineae
Correct Answer
E. Chordae tendineaeExplanation
The chordae tendineae are fibrous cords that attach the cusps of the atrioventricular (AV) valves to the ventricular walls in the heart. These cords help to anchor the valves in place and prevent them from prolapsing into the atria during ventricular contraction. They play a crucial role in maintaining the proper flow of blood through the heart by ensuring that the valves close tightly and prevent backflow of blood.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A cavity located between the epicardium and the parietal pericardium.
- A.
Precordium
- B.
Pericardium
- C.
Pericardial space
- D.
Precordium
- E.
Aorta
Correct Answer
C. Pericardial spaceExplanation
The pericardial space refers to the cavity located between the epicardium (outer layer) and the parietal pericardium (inner layer) of the pericardium. The pericardium is a protective membrane that surrounds the heart. The pericardial space contains a small amount of fluid that helps reduce friction between the layers of the pericardium, allowing the heart to beat smoothly.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following is least true of the myocardium?
- A.
Contains actin and myosin
- B.
Is the heart muscle
- C.
Is found in the ventricles but not the atria
- D.
Pumps the blood
- E.
None of these
Correct Answer
C. Is found in the ventricles but not the atriaExplanation
The myocardium is the heart muscle, which means it is found in both the ventricles and the atria. Therefore, the statement "is found in the ventricles but not the atria" is least true of the myocardium.Rate this question:
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- 16.
During ventricular contraction, the AV valves close in order to
- A.
Speed up the action potential as it moves through the conduction sysem
- B.
Prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria
- C.
Enhance drainage of the coronary veins
- D.
Push blood into the venae cavae
Correct Answer
B. Prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atriaExplanation
During ventricular contraction, the AV valves close in order to prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria. This is important because the AV valves ensure that blood flows in only one direction, from the atria to the ventricles. If the AV valves did not close during ventricular contraction, blood could flow back into the atria, reducing the efficiency of the heart's pumping action and potentially causing blood to pool in the atria. Closing the AV valves prevents this backflow, allowing blood to be pumped out of the heart and into the arteries effectively.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which of the following is least related to "lubb" (of the lubb-dupp duo)?
- A.
Called S1
- B.
Due to the closure of the AV valves
- C.
Occurs at the beginning of ventricular contraction
- D.
Caused by the firing of the SA node
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. Caused by the firing of the SA nodeExplanation
The firing of the SA node is least related to "lubb" (of the lubb-dupp duo) because the "lubb" sound is produced by the closure of the AV valves, occurs at the beginning of ventricular contraction, and is called S1. The firing of the SA node is responsible for initiating the electrical signals that regulate the heart's rhythm, but it is not directly related to the production of the "lubb" sound.Rate this question:
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- 18.
S2 is
- A.
Due to the closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular relaxation
- B.
Lubb
- C.
The heart sound caused the contraction of the ventricular myocardium
- D.
Caused by the firing of the SA node
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Due to the closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular relaxationExplanation
S2 is the second heart sound, also known as the "dubb" sound. It occurs due to the closure of the semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic valves) at the beginning of ventricular relaxation. This closure prevents the backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles. The closure of these valves produces a distinct sound that can be heard during cardiac auscultation. The other options mentioned in the question, such as the contraction of the ventricular myocardium or the firing of the SA node, are not directly related to the S2 sound.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The purpose of the right heart is to pump blood.
- A.
To the systemic circulation
- B.
Into the aorta
- C.
To the lungs for oxygenation
- D.
To the venae cavae
- E.
None of these
Correct Answer
C. To the lungs for oxygenationExplanation
The right heart is responsible for pumping blood to the lungs for oxygenation. Oxygen-depleted blood from the body enters the right atrium, then flows into the right ventricle. From there, it is pumped into the pulmonary artery, which carries the blood to the lungs. In the lungs, the blood picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, becoming oxygenated. It then returns to the left side of the heart to be pumped out to the rest of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is "to the lungs for oxygenation."Rate this question:
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- 20.
What do the venae cavae, pulmonary artery, and the aorta have in common?
- A.
All carry oxygenated blood
- B.
All carry unoxygenated blood
- C.
All are colored red
- D.
All are called great vessels
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All are called great vesselsExplanation
The venae cavae, pulmonary artery, and the aorta are all called great vessels. This is because they are the largest and main blood vessels in the body that play crucial roles in the circulatory system. The venae cavae are responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart, the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, and the aorta carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Despite their different functions, they are all referred to as great vessels due to their size and importance in the circulatory system.Rate this question:
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- 21.
In which structure does blood change from blue to red?
- A.
Venae cavae
- B.
Pulmonary artery
- C.
Aorta
- D.
Pulmonary capillary
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. Pulmonary capillaryExplanation
Blood changes from blue to red in the pulmonary capillary. This is because the pulmonary capillaries are the site of gas exchange in the lungs, where oxygen is taken up by the blood and carbon dioxide is released. Oxygenated blood is bright red in color, while deoxygenated blood appears bluish due to the presence of hemoglobin. Therefore, as blood passes through the pulmonary capillaries and picks up oxygen, it changes from blue to red.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following spaces does not contain the heart?
- A.
Thoracic cavity
- B.
Ventral cavity
- C.
Pleural cavity
- D.
Mediastinum
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Pleural cavityExplanation
The pleural cavity is a space in the thoracic cavity that contains the lungs, not the heart. The thoracic cavity is the general area where the heart is located, along with other organs such as the lungs and esophagus. The ventral cavity is a larger cavity that includes the thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity. The mediastinum is a specific area within the thoracic cavity, located between the lungs, which contains the heart, great vessels, and other structures. Therefore, the correct answer is pleural cavity because it does not contain the heart.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The semilunar valves
- A.
Are outflow valves
- B.
Are anchored by chordae tendineae
- C.
"see" only oxygenated blood
- D.
"see" only unoxygenated blood
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Are outflow valvesExplanation
The correct answer is "are outflow valves". The semilunar valves are located between the ventricles and the major arteries leaving the heart (the aorta and the pulmonary artery). They prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricles during ventricular relaxation, ensuring that blood flows in one direction only - out of the heart. Therefore, they act as outflow valves.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A cell that spontaneously depolarizes from resting membrane potential to threshold potential is
- A.
Called a pacemaker cell
- B.
Referred to as being ectopic
- C.
A stem cell
- D.
Found only in heart valves
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Called a pacemaker cellExplanation
When a cell spontaneously depolarizes from resting membrane potential to threshold potential, it is referred to as a pacemaker cell. Pacemaker cells are responsible for initiating electrical impulses in certain tissues, such as the sinoatrial node in the heart, which regulates the heartbeat. These cells have the ability to generate rhythmic electrical activity, setting the pace for the rest of the cells in the tissue. Therefore, the correct answer is that the cell is called a pacemaker cell.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The heart
- A.
Lies primarily to the right of the sternum
- B.
Only beats in response to stimulation by the autonomic nerves
- C.
Is located within the mediastinum
- D.
Lies vertically and parallel to the midsternal line
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Is located within the mediastinumExplanation
The heart is located within the mediastinum, which is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity. It is surrounded by other structures such as the lungs, esophagus, and major blood vessels. This location allows the heart to be protected and positioned in a way that facilitates its function of pumping blood throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Stenosis of this valve causes left ventricular hypertrophy.
- A.
Mitral
- B.
Tricuspid
- C.
Pulmonic
- D.
Aortic
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. AorticExplanation
Stenosis of the aortic valve refers to the narrowing of the valve opening, which obstructs the flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta. This obstruction causes the left ventricle to work harder to pump blood through the narrowed valve, leading to increased pressure and hypertrophy (enlargement) of the left ventricle. This is because the left ventricle needs to generate more force to overcome the resistance caused by the stenosed aortic valve.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Stenosis of this valve causes left ventricular hypertrophy?
- A.
Mitral
- B.
Tricuspid
- C.
Pulmonic
- D.
Aortic
- E.
None of these
Correct Answer
D. AorticExplanation
Stenosis of the aortic valve causes left ventricular hypertrophy because when the aortic valve is narrowed, it obstructs the flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta. This obstruction increases the workload on the left ventricle, causing it to pump harder and eventually leading to hypertrophy, or thickening of the heart muscle.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which of the following is true of coronary blood flow?
- A.
In a healthy heart, coronary blood flow can increase
- B.
Atherosclerotic coronary blood vessels are usually maximally dilated at rest
- C.
A decrease in coronary blood flow causes pain (called angina)
- D.
All of the above are true
- E.
All of the above are false
Correct Answer
D. All of the above are trueExplanation
In a healthy heart, coronary blood flow can increase, which is important for delivering oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle during periods of increased demand. Atherosclerotic coronary blood vessels are usually maximally dilated at rest, meaning they are already narrowed due to plaque buildup, reducing blood flow. A decrease in coronary blood flow can cause pain, known as angina, because the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen. Therefore, all of the statements mentioned are true.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Which of the following is not true about the left ventricle?
- A.
Pumps blood into the aorta
- B.
Receives blood from the left atrium
- C.
Contains oxygenated blood
- D.
The oxygen from blood within the left ventricle diffuses across the endocardium into the left ventricular myocardium
Correct Answer
D. The oxygen from blood within the left ventricle diffuses across the endocardium into the left ventricular myocardiumExplanation
The left ventricle is responsible for pumping blood into the aorta, receiving blood from the left atrium, and containing oxygenated blood. However, the statement that oxygen from blood within the left ventricle diffuses across the endocardium into the left ventricular myocardium is not true. The left ventricular myocardium already receives oxygenated blood from the coronary arteries, so there is no need for oxygen to diffuse from the blood within the ventricle.Rate this question:
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- 30.
A collection of excess fluid in the pericardial space.
- A.
Is called pericardial effusion
- B.
Compresses the heart externally
- C.
Impairs myocardial contraction
- D.
All of the above are true
Correct Answer
D. All of the above are trueExplanation
Pericardial effusion refers to the accumulation of excess fluid in the pericardial space. This condition can compress the heart externally, leading to its compression and potentially affecting its ability to function properly. Additionally, pericardial effusion can impair myocardial contraction, further compromising the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. Therefore, all of the statements mentioned are true in relation to pericardial effusion.Rate this question:
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- 31.
What is located at the second rib and fifth intercostal space?
- A.
Base and apex of the heart
- B.
Semilunar valves
- C.
AV valves
- D.
SA node and AV node
Correct Answer
A. Base and apex of the heartExplanation
The second rib and fifth intercostal space correspond to the location of the base and apex of the heart. The base of the heart is located at the level of the second rib, while the apex of the heart is found at the fifth intercostal space. These anatomical landmarks help to identify the position of different structures within the heart.Rate this question:
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- 32.
An enlarged myocardium (ventricular hypertrophy) indicates
- A.
That the heart must work harder than normal
- B.
That there is inadequate coronary blood flow
- C.
A stenotic mitral valve
- D.
Chronic anemia
Correct Answer
A. That the heart must work harder than normalExplanation
An enlarged myocardium (ventricular hypertrophy) indicates that the heart must work harder than normal. This is because ventricular hypertrophy occurs as a compensatory response to increased workload or pressure on the heart. The heart muscle thickens in order to generate more force and pump blood effectively. This can be caused by conditions such as hypertension, heart valve diseases, or heart failure. In these cases, the heart needs to work harder to overcome the increased resistance or demand, leading to myocardial enlargement.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Both the pulmonic and aortic valves
- A.
Are attached to chordae tendineae
- B.
Are semilunar valves
- C.
"see" oxygenated blood
- D.
"see" unoxygenated blood
Correct Answer
B. Are semilunar valvesExplanation
Semilunar valves are valves in the heart that have crescent-shaped leaflets. Both the pulmonic and aortic valves are semilunar valves, meaning they have these crescent-shaped leaflets. These valves are responsible for preventing the backflow of blood in the heart. They open when the pressure in the ventricles exceeds the pressure in the arteries, allowing blood to be pumped out of the heart. Therefore, the statement that both the pulmonic and aortic valves are semilunar valves is correct.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The action potential (cardiac impulse) has two phases
- A.
Systole and diastole
- B.
Filling and ejecting
- C.
Depolarization and repolarization
- D.
P wave and T wave
Correct Answer
C. Depolarization and repolarizationExplanation
The action potential in the heart consists of two phases: depolarization and repolarization. During depolarization, the electrical charge of the cardiac cells becomes more positive, leading to the contraction of the heart muscle. This phase is represented by the QRS complex on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Repolarization, on the other hand, is when the electrical charge of the cells returns to its resting state, allowing the heart muscle to relax. This phase is represented by the T wave on an ECG. These two phases are crucial for the proper functioning of the heart and the coordination of its pumping action.Rate this question:
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