Human Anatomy & Physiology: The Respiratory System 4
I created these quizzes to help me study for my A&P exams. This quiz deals with air volume and pressure.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
During inspiration, air is forced into the lungs by atmospheric pressure. Atmospheric air pressure is the pressure exerted by the air on all surfaces of the earth including our bodies. At sea level, it is equivalent to the pressure required to raise a column of mercury ______ mm Hg.
- A.
762
- B.
760
- C.
758
- D.
756
- E.
754
Correct Answer
B. 760Explanation
During inspiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, causing the volume of the thoracic cavity to increase. This decrease in pressure within the lungs creates a pressure gradient, causing air to be forced into the lungs from the higher atmospheric pressure outside. At sea level, the atmospheric pressure is approximately equivalent to 760 mm Hg, which is the pressure required to raise a column of mercury in a barometer. Therefore, the correct answer is 760.Rate this question:
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- 2.
During contraction of the diaphragm, as the diaphragm moves downward it results in a longer thoracic cavity. As a result, the intra-alveolar pressure is reduced to about ______ mm Hg.
- A.
760
- B.
758
- C.
756
- D.
754
- E.
752
Correct Answer
B. 758Explanation
During the contraction of the diaphragm, it moves downward, causing the thoracic cavity to expand. This expansion leads to a decrease in intra-alveolar pressure. The correct answer is 758 mm Hg because this value represents the reduced pressure in the alveoli during diaphragm contraction.Rate this question:
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- 3.
________ states that gas volume is inversely proportional to pressure.
- A.
Cowell's law
- B.
Murphy's law
- C.
Starling's law
- D.
Boyle's law
- E.
David's law
Correct Answer
D. Boyle's lawExplanation
Boyle's law states that gas volume is inversely proportional to pressure. This means that as the pressure of a gas increases, its volume decreases, and vice versa. This law was discovered by Robert Boyle in the 17th century and is one of the fundamental principles in the study of gases. It helps explain the behavior of gases under different conditions and is widely used in various scientific and practical applications, such as in the design of gas storage tanks and scuba diving equipment.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Resting expiration in healthy individuals is a _______ process.
- A.
Active
- B.
Passive
Correct Answer
B. PassiveExplanation
Resting expiration in healthy individuals is a passive process because it does not require any active muscle contraction. During resting expiration, the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax, causing the chest cavity to decrease in volume. This decrease in volume leads to an increase in intra-thoracic pressure, which in turn pushes air out of the lungs. Therefore, the process of resting expiration is primarily driven by the elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, rather than active muscular effort.Rate this question:
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- 5.
________ is the measurement of different volumes of air being moved in and out of the lungs.
Correct Answer
SpirometryExplanation
Spirometry is a diagnostic test that measures the volume of air being inhaled and exhaled by the lungs. It is a valuable tool in assessing lung function and diagnosing respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary fibrosis. By measuring various parameters such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), spirometry provides valuable information about lung health and helps healthcare professionals make informed decisions regarding treatment plans.Rate this question:
- 6.
_______ is the amount of air that normally moves in and out of the lungs during quiet breathing or a respiratory cycle.
Correct Answer
Tidal volumeExplanation
Tidal volume refers to the amount of air that is typically inhaled and exhaled during normal, relaxed breathing. It represents the volume of air that moves in and out of the lungs during one complete respiratory cycle. This volume is relatively constant and does not include any additional air that can be inhaled or exhaled forcefully. Tidal volume is an important measurement in understanding and assessing lung function.Rate this question:
- 7.
Tidal volume measures approximately ______ ml.
- A.
400
- B.
450
- C.
500
- D.
550
- E.
540
Correct Answer
C. 500Explanation
Tidal volume is the amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing. It is measured in milliliters (ml). The given answer of 500 ml suggests that this is the approximate amount of air that is typically inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing.Rate this question:
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- 8.
_______ is the amount of air that can be inspired above and beyond the normal tidal volume
- A.
Expiratory reserve volume
- B.
Residual volume
- C.
Inspiratory reserve volume
- D.
Inspiratory capacity
- E.
Functional residual capacity
Correct Answer
C. Inspiratory reserve volumeExplanation
The inspiratory reserve volume refers to the amount of air that can be inspired above and beyond the normal tidal volume. This means that it is the additional volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal breath. It represents the maximum amount of air that can be taken in during deep inhalation.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Inspiratory reserve volume averages about _______ ml.
- A.
3000
- B.
1100
- C.
3500
- D.
2300
- E.
1200
Correct Answer
A. 3000Explanation
The inspiratory reserve volume refers to the additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation. The average inspiratory reserve volume is approximately 3000 ml.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The volume of air remaining in the lungs at all times is called __________.
- A.
Functional reserve volume
- B.
Vital capacity
- C.
Expiratory reserve volume
- D.
Residual volume
- E.
Inspiratory capacity
Correct Answer
D. Residual volumeExplanation
The residual volume refers to the volume of air that remains in the lungs even after a maximal exhalation. This volume cannot be expelled from the lungs and is necessary to keep the lungs inflated and prevent them from collapsing. It is the lowest volume of air in the lungs and plays a crucial role in maintaining lung function and gas exchange.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Residual volume measures about _____ ml.
- A.
3000
- B.
1100
- C.
2300
- D.
1200
- E.
3500
Correct Answer
D. 1200Explanation
The correct answer is 1200 because residual volume refers to the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum exhalation. It is the volume of air that cannot be expelled from the lungs and is necessary to keep the alveoli open and prevent lung collapse. The average value for residual volume in healthy adults is approximately 1200 ml.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The maximum volume of air a person can inhale following exhalation of the tidal volume is known as __________. It is the total inspiratory potential of the lungs.
- A.
Inspiratory reserve volume
- B.
Functional residual capacity
- C.
Vital capacity
- D.
Residual volume
- E.
Inspiratory capacity
Correct Answer
E. Inspiratory capacityExplanation
The maximum volume of air a person can inhale following exhalation of the tidal volume is known as inspiratory capacity. It represents the total inspiratory potential of the lungs, indicating the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal breath. It is calculated by adding the tidal volume (the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing) to the inspiratory reserve volume (the additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal breath).Rate this question:
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- 13.
Inspiratory capacity averages about _______ ml.
- A.
4600
- B.
2300
- C.
1200
- D.
3500
- E.
3000
Correct Answer
D. 3500Explanation
The correct answer is 3500 ml. Inspiratory capacity refers to the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation. It is determined by the sum of tidal volume (the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing) and inspiratory reserve volume (the additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation). The average inspiratory capacity is approximately 3500 ml, indicating the maximum amount of air a person can inhale after a normal exhalation.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The amount of air that can be expired beyond a normal tidal expiration is know as the ___________.
- A.
Inspiratory reserve volume
- B.
Residual volume
- C.
Vital capacity
- D.
Expiratory reserve capacity
- E.
Functional residual capacity
Correct Answer
D. Expiratory reserve capacityExplanation
The expiratory reserve capacity refers to the amount of air that can be expired beyond a normal tidal expiration. It represents the maximum volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal expiration. This capacity is important for activities that require increased ventilation, such as exercise or singing. It is different from the inspiratory reserve volume, which is the amount of air that can be inhaled beyond a normal tidal inspiration. The residual volume is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration. The vital capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation. The functional residual capacity is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal tidal expiration.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Expiratory reserve volume averages about ______ ml.
- A.
3000
- B.
1100
- C.
1200
- D.
2300
- E.
4600
Correct Answer
B. 1100Explanation
The expiratory reserve volume refers to the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation. The average expiratory reserve volume is approximately 1100 ml. This means that, on average, individuals can exhale an additional 1100 ml of air after exhaling normally.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The maximum amount of air a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible is known as ________.
- A.
Functional residual capacity
- B.
Total lung capacity
- C.
Vital capacity
- D.
Inspiratory capacity
- E.
Residual volume
Correct Answer
C. Vital capacityExplanation
Vital capacity refers to the maximum amount of air that a person can exhale after taking the deepest breath possible. It represents the total volume of air that can be moved in and out of the lungs during a forced respiratory effort. This measurement is important in assessing lung function and can be used to diagnose respiratory conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Rate this question:
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- 17.
Vital capacity averages ______ ml
- A.
3500
- B.
3000
- C.
4600
- D.
5800
- E.
2300
Correct Answer
C. 4600Explanation
Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a maximum inhalation. It is measured in milliliters (ml). The given answer, 4600 ml, represents the average vital capacity.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The sum of all volumes of air that can exist at one time the lungs is known as ______.
- A.
Vital capacity
- B.
Total lung capacity
- C.
Functional residual capacity
- D.
Residual volume
- E.
Inspiratory capacity
Correct Answer
B. Total lung capacityExplanation
Total lung capacity refers to the sum of all volumes of air that can exist at one time in the lungs. It includes the vital capacity, which is the maximum amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a maximum inhalation, as well as the residual volume, which is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximum exhalation. The functional residual capacity is the volume of air that remains in the lungs at the end of a normal exhalation, and the inspiratory capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Total lung capacity varies with age, sex and body size but it averages about ________ ml.
- A.
4600
- B.
5800
- C.
2300
- D.
3500
- E.
6000
Correct Answer
B. 5800Explanation
Total lung capacity varies with age, sex, and body size. On average, it is about 5800 ml. This means that the maximum amount of air a person's lungs can hold is around 5800 ml. However, it is important to note that this is an average value and individual lung capacities may differ.Rate this question:
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- 20.
____ is the volume of air that remains in the lungs following the exhalation of the tidal volume.
- A.
Vital capacity
- B.
Expiratory capacity
- C.
Functional residual capacity
- D.
Residual volume
- E.
Inspiratory capacity
Correct Answer
C. Functional residual capacityExplanation
The functional residual capacity refers to the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a normal exhalation. It is the combination of the expiratory reserve volume (the amount of air that can still be exhaled after a normal exhalation) and the residual volume (the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a forced exhalation). This volume of air is important for maintaining lung function and ensuring that there is a constant supply of oxygen available for the body.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Functional residual capacity is the volume of air normally within the lungs following normal respiration and averages about _____ ml.
- A.
3500
- B.
3000
- C.
2300
- D.
1100
- E.
1200
Correct Answer
C. 2300Explanation
Functional residual capacity (FRC) is the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a normal breath. It represents the equilibrium point between the elastic recoil of the lungs and the chest wall. The average FRC is about 2300 ml, which means that after a normal breath, approximately 2300 ml of air remains in the lungs.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 23, 2010Quiz Created by
Dmclover73
Human Anatomy & Physiology: The Respiratory System 3
Human Anatomy & Physiology: The Respiratory System 3
Human Anatomy & Physiology: The Respiratory System 2
Human Anatomy & Physiology: The Respiratory System 2