1.
All soiled instruments and materials are received from the user units into the Central Service ______ area.
Correct Answer
B. Decontamination
Explanation
The correct answer is "decontamination" because in a central service area, all soiled instruments and materials are received from user units for the purpose of removing or reducing contaminants and making them safe for further handling or processing. Decontamination involves cleaning, disinfecting, and removing any potential infectious agents from the instruments and materials before they can be prepared for further use or undergo sterilization.
2.
All medical terms consist of each of the following word elements: prefix, root and suffix.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
False. Not all medical terms consist of each of the following word elements: prefix, root, and suffix. While many medical terms do contain these elements, there are also medical terms that may only have a root or a root and a suffix, depending on the specific term. Additionally, some medical terms may have a combining form instead of a prefix. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that all medical terms consist of each of these word elements.
3.
The purpose of a prefix is to alter or modify the meaning of the root element.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
A prefix is a word element added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning. It modifies the root element by adding a specific meaning or indicating a different context. This alteration of meaning allows for a more precise understanding of the word. Therefore, the statement that the purpose of a prefix is to alter or modify the meaning of the root element is true.
4.
There are two parts to the ear: the outer ear and the inner ear.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The given statement is false because there are actually three parts to the ear: the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. The outer ear consists of the visible part of the ear and the ear canal, while the middle ear contains the eardrum and three small bones called ossicles. The inner ear is responsible for converting sound vibrations into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain.
5.
A function of the digestive system is to convert food into energy for the body.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The digestive system plays a crucial role in converting food into energy for the body. When we consume food, it goes through a series of processes in the digestive system, including breaking down the food into smaller molecules, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste. These processes release energy from the food, which is then used by the body for various functions such as growth, repair, and movement. Therefore, it is true that a function of the digestive system is to convert food into energy for the body.
6.
The gastrointestinal tract is one portal of entry used by an infectious agent to enter a susceptible host.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because the gastrointestinal tract, which includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines, can serve as a route for infectious agents to enter the body. This can occur through the consumption of contaminated food or water, or through direct contact with infected bodily fluids. Once inside the gastrointestinal tract, these infectious agents can then invade the body and cause disease. Therefore, it is important to practice good hygiene and food safety measures to prevent the transmission of these agents.
7.
Which of the following is not an example of surgical aesepsis?
Correct Answer
B. Asset management
Explanation
Asset management is not an example of surgical asepsis because it does not involve the prevention of contamination or the sterilization of instruments. Surgical asepsis refers specifically to techniques and practices used to maintain a sterile environment during surgical procedures, such as sterilizing instruments and preventing contamination of sterile instruments in the operating room. Asset management, on the other hand, refers to the process of tracking and managing an organization's assets, such as equipment and property, and is unrelated to surgical asepsis.
8.
Given the word, "hemigastrectomy", which element of that word is the root?
Correct Answer
B. Gastro
Explanation
The root of the word "hemigastrectomy" is "gastro". The root is the main part of the word that carries the primary meaning. In this case, "gastro" refers to the stomach. The prefix "hemi" means half, and the suffix "ectomy" means surgical removal. However, in this word, "gastro" is the root that specifies the organ involved in the surgical procedure.
9.
Which of the following glands is located at the base of the brain and is considered the "master gland"?
Correct Answer
A. Pituitary
Explanation
The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain and is considered the "master gland" because it produces and releases hormones that regulate the function of other endocrine glands in the body. It controls various processes such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. The thyroid gland, on the other hand, is located in the neck and regulates metabolism, while the adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys and produce hormones involved in stress response.
10.
Which of the following is the circular opening of the eye which controls the amount of light which enters the eye?
Correct Answer
B. Pupil
Explanation
The pupil is the circular opening of the eye that controls the amount of light entering the eye. It is located in the center of the iris, which is the colored part of the eye. The size of the pupil can change in response to different lighting conditions. In bright light, the pupil constricts or becomes smaller to limit the amount of light entering the eye, while in low light, the pupil dilates or becomes larger to allow more light to enter.
11.
Cells are the basic units of all living organisms and are the smallest element that can live, grow and reproduce.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Cells are indeed the basic units of all living organisms. They are responsible for carrying out the essential functions of life such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Cells are capable of living independently, as seen in single-celled organisms, or they can work together to form complex multicellular organisms. Without cells, life as we know it would not exist, making the statement "Cells are the basic units of all living organisms and are the smallest element that can live, grow, and reproduce" true.
12.
A virus can move by means of its flagella.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Viruses do not have flagella. Flagella are whip-like structures that are found in some bacteria and eukaryotic cells, such as sperm cells, that help with movement. However, viruses are much smaller and simpler than cells, and they do not possess any organelles or structures for movement. Instead, viruses rely on other mechanisms, such as hijacking host cells, to reproduce and spread. Therefore, the statement that a virus can move by means of its flagella is false.
13.
What type of bacteria develops spores?
Correct Answer
C. Both of the above
Explanation
Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria can develop spores. Spore formation is a survival mechanism that certain bacteria use to protect themselves from harsh environmental conditions. Spores are highly resistant structures that can remain dormant for long periods of time until favorable conditions for growth arise. This ability to form spores is not limited to a specific type of bacteria, but rather can be observed in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
14.
Bacteria that cause diseases are called
Correct Answer
C. Pathogenic
Explanation
Bacteria that cause diseases are known as pathogenic bacteria. These bacteria have the ability to invade and multiply within the human body, leading to various illnesses and infections. They can cause a wide range of diseases, from common infections like strep throat and urinary tract infections to more severe conditions like pneumonia and meningitis. Pathogenic bacteria can be transmitted through various means, such as contaminated food or water, direct contact with an infected person, or through vectors like mosquitoes or ticks. It is important to identify and treat pathogenic bacteria to prevent the spread of diseases and promote public health.
15.
What percentage of microorganisms are harmful to humans because they can grow at approximately human body temperature?
Correct Answer
A. 1%
Explanation
Only 1% of microorganisms are harmful to humans because they can grow at approximately human body temperature. This means that the majority of microorganisms are not harmful and do not thrive at human body temperature.
16.
What type of hepatitis vaccine is strongly recommended for most healthcare workers?
Correct Answer
B. Hepatitis B
Explanation
The correct answer is hepatitis B. Healthcare workers are at a higher risk of exposure to hepatitis B due to their occupation. Hepatitis B is a serious viral infection that can lead to chronic liver disease and other complications. Therefore, it is strongly recommended for healthcare workers to receive the hepatitis B vaccine to protect themselves and prevent the spread of the virus to patients.
17.
Eliminating the infectious agent will interrupt the transmission of an infectious disease.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Eliminating the infectious agent refers to getting rid of the microorganism or pathogen that causes the disease. By doing so, the source of infection is removed, preventing further spread of the disease from person to person. This interruption in the transmission chain is crucial in controlling infectious diseases and preventing outbreaks. Therefore, the statement is true.
18.
In Central Service, the term, "customers" includes anyone who utilizes the departments services.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The term "customers" in Central Service refers to anyone who uses the department's services. This means that anyone who utilizes the services provided by the department, regardless of their role or position, is considered a customer. Therefore, the statement is true.
19.
The part of the cell that controls cell function is the:
Correct Answer
A. Nucleus
Explanation
The nucleus controls cell function because it contains the cell's genetic material, DNA. DNA carries the instructions for making proteins and other molecules that are necessary for the cell's growth, development, and function. The nucleus also regulates the activity of the cell by controlling the expression of genes and coordinating various cellular processes. Additionally, the nucleus is responsible for cell division, which allows for growth and repair of tissues. Therefore, the nucleus plays a crucial role in controlling cell function.
20.
Healthy people carry bacteria.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Bacteria are microscopic organisms that can be found in various parts of the human body, including the skin, mouth, and gut. These bacteria are a natural part of our microbiome and play important roles in maintaining our overall health. Therefore, it is true that healthy people carry bacteria.
21.
Involuntary muscles
Correct Answer
A. Work without consciousness
Explanation
Involuntary muscles refer to the muscles that work without conscious control. These muscles are responsible for various vital functions in the body, such as the beating of the heart, digestion, and breathing. Unlike voluntary muscles, which can be consciously controlled, involuntary muscles function automatically and do not require conscious effort or command to work. They are regulated by the autonomic nervous system and operate involuntarily to maintain the body's essential processes without the need for conscious awareness or control.
22.
Rod-Shaped bacteria are classified as
Correct Answer
B. Bacillus
Explanation
Rod-shaped bacteria are classified as bacillus. The term "bacillus" refers to bacteria that have a cylindrical or rod-like shape. This classification is based on the morphology or physical appearance of the bacteria. Coccus, on the other hand, refers to bacteria that are spherical or round in shape. Anhydrous is not a classification term for bacteria and is unrelated to their shape or characteristics.
23.
Air pressure in the decontamination area should be negative in relation to surrounding areas.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
In a decontamination area, it is important to maintain a negative air pressure in relation to surrounding areas. This is because negative air pressure helps prevent the spread of contaminants from the decontamination area to other areas. It creates a pressure gradient that ensures that air flows from the surrounding areas into the decontamination area, rather than the other way around. This helps to contain any hazardous materials or substances within the decontamination area and minimize the risk of contamination spreading to other parts of the facility.
24.
In medical terminology, the purpose of a combining vowel is to:
Correct Answer
B. Enhance pronounciation
Explanation
A combining vowel in medical terminology is used to enhance pronunciation. It is inserted between word parts to make the word easier to say and understand. By adding a vowel sound, it helps to separate and clarify the individual word parts, making it easier for medical professionals to communicate and understand the meaning of the term.
25.
Chemical indicators are FDA _____ devices.
Correct Answer
B. Class II
Explanation
Chemical indicators are classified as class II devices by the FDA. This classification suggests that these indicators are subject to specific regulations and controls to ensure their safety and effectiveness. Class II devices are considered to have a moderate risk to the patient and require a higher level of regulation compared to class I devices. This classification helps to ensure that chemical indicators meet the necessary standards and requirements for their intended use in various medical and healthcare settings.
26.
Watches and other jewelery should not be worn in the Central Service department work areas because:
Correct Answer
A. They harbor bacteria
Explanation
Watches and other jewelry should not be worn in the Central Service department work areas because they can harbor bacteria. Bacteria can easily accumulate on the surfaces of these items, especially in areas that are not easily accessible for cleaning. This can pose a risk to the cleanliness and hygiene of the work environment, potentially leading to the spread of infections or illnesses. Therefore, it is important to avoid wearing watches and jewelry in these areas to maintain a clean and safe working environment.
27.
Which of the following is a system used to treat the final rinse water used for cleaning?
Correct Answer
C. Deionization
Explanation
Deionization is a system used to treat the final rinse water used for cleaning. It involves removing ions from the water, resulting in purified water that is free from impurities. This process is commonly used in industries where high purity water is required, such as in pharmaceutical, electronics, and laboratory settings. Deionization helps to prevent the build-up of minerals and contaminants on surfaces, ensuring a thorough and effective cleaning process.
28.
Medical Device reporting is regulated by the:
Correct Answer
B. FDA
Explanation
Medical Device reporting is regulated by the FDA. The FDA, or the Food and Drug Administration, is responsible for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medical devices in the United States. They require manufacturers, importers, and distributors of medical devices to report any adverse events or malfunctions associated with their products. This reporting helps the FDA monitor the safety of medical devices and take appropriate actions to protect public health. The NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) and EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) are not specifically involved in the regulation of medical device reporting.
29.
Microorganisms reproduce by a process called:
Correct Answer
B. Binary fission
Explanation
Microorganisms reproduce by a process called binary fission. In binary fission, a single organism divides into two identical daughter cells. This process is commonly observed in bacteria and other single-celled organisms. During binary fission, the genetic material of the parent cell is replicated, and then the cell divides into two separate cells. Each daughter cell contains a complete set of genetic material, allowing them to grow and develop independently. This process allows microorganisms to rapidly increase their population and is an essential mechanism for their survival and evolution.
30.
Purified water should have a ph of _____.
Correct Answer
C. 6.5-7.5
Explanation
Purified water should have a pH of 6.5-7.5. pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, while a pH below 7 is acidic and a pH above 7 is alkaline. Purified water is typically expected to be close to neutral, with a slightly alkaline or basic pH. This range ensures that the water is not too acidic or alkaline, making it safe for consumption and other uses.
31.
Manufacturers of new Class I devices must obtain pre-market approval (PMA) from the FDA by submitting PMA applications with extensive test data to demonstrate the safety/effectiveness of their products.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Manufacturers of new Class I devices do not need to obtain pre-market approval (PMA) from the FDA by submitting PMA applications with extensive test data to demonstrate the safety/effectiveness of their products. Class I devices are considered low risk and are subject to general controls, such as adherence to good manufacturing practices and proper labeling. Therefore, the statement that manufacturers of new Class I devices must obtain PMA from the FDA is false.
32.
Which of the following can be removed from water when a reverse osmosis process is used?
Correct Answer
D. All the above
Explanation
Reverse osmosis is a water purification process that uses a semi-permeable membrane to remove contaminants from water. It is capable of removing bacteria, pyrogens, and endotoxins from the water. Therefore, the correct answer is "all the above."
33.
Failure to perform soiled pickup round as scheduled can lead to equipment shortages.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Failure to perform soiled pickup rounds as scheduled can lead to equipment shortages because if the pickup rounds are not done on time, the soiled items will continue to accumulate, resulting in a higher demand for equipment to handle the increased volume. If the pickup rounds are not performed as scheduled, the equipment may not be available when needed, leading to shortages and potential disruptions in the waste management process.
34.
A mode of bacterial transmission that would take place when an infectious agent was transmitted through an intem such as food or water is called:
Correct Answer
B. Common vehicle
Explanation
Common vehicle transmission refers to the spread of an infectious agent through a common source, such as contaminated food or water. In this mode of transmission, multiple individuals are exposed to the same source, resulting in a higher likelihood of infection. This can occur when a single contaminated item, such as a food or water supply, is consumed by multiple people, leading to the spread of the infectious agent to a larger population.
35.
Agency which may intervene in a matter of worker protection even if there are no specific regulations covering the situation.
Correct Answer
A. OSHA
Explanation
OSHA, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, is the correct answer because it is the agency responsible for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions for employees in the United States. Even if there are no specific regulations in place for a particular situation, OSHA has the authority to intervene and enforce general standards to protect workers. OSHA's main goal is to prevent workplace injuries, illnesses, and fatalities, making it the appropriate agency to address worker protection matters.
36.
The main theory of Standard Precautions is that:
Correct Answer
B. Patients may pose a risk of infection whether they have been diagnosed with an infectious disease or not
Explanation
The main theory of Standard Precautions is that patients may pose a risk of infection whether they have been diagnosed with an infectious disease or not. This means that healthcare providers should always take precautions when dealing with patients, regardless of their diagnosed condition, as there is always a potential for transmission of infections. This approach ensures the safety of both healthcare providers and patients, reducing the risk of spreading infections within healthcare settings.
37.
When it is necessary to transport soiled items between facilities using a truck or van, facilities must consult U.S. Department of Transportation, as well as state and local laws for transporting biohazard items.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Facilities must consult the U.S. Department of Transportation, as well as state and local laws for transporting biohazard items when it is necessary to transport soiled items between facilities using a truck or van. This is important because biohazard items can pose a risk to public health and safety if not transported properly. By consulting the appropriate authorities, facilities can ensure that they are following the necessary regulations and guidelines to transport these items safely and legally.
38.
Floors in the Central Service department should be:
Correct Answer
A. Wet-mopped daily
Explanation
The floors in the Central Service department should be wet-mopped daily to ensure cleanliness and hygiene. Daily wet-mopping helps to remove any dirt, dust, or spills that may accumulate throughout the day, preventing the buildup of germs and bacteria. This frequent cleaning routine helps maintain a safe and healthy environment for both employees and visitors in the department. Sweeping alone may not be sufficient to eliminate all the dirt and grime, which is why wet-mopping is necessary on a daily basis.
39.
The absence of microorganisms that cause disease is called:
Correct Answer
C. Aesepsis
Explanation
Asepsis refers to the absence of disease-causing microorganisms. It involves measures taken to prevent the introduction or spread of infection, such as sterilization of medical equipment, hand hygiene, and maintaining a clean environment. Infection protection and infection control are related concepts, but they do not specifically refer to the absence of microorganisms.
40.
Standards and regulations help set levels of ______ in Central Service departments
Correct Answer
D. All the above
Explanation
Standards and regulations play a crucial role in Central Service departments by establishing benchmarks for quality, ensuring safety measures are in place, and promoting efficiency. By adhering to these standards and regulations, Central Service departments can maintain high-quality standards, create a safe working environment, and streamline processes to improve efficiency. Therefore, all of the options mentioned - quality, safety, and efficiency - are addressed and influenced by standards and regulations in Central Service departments.
41.
Healthcare Regulations and Standards provide consistency of departmental activities by outlining:
Correct Answer
A. Minimal performance standards
Explanation
Healthcare Regulations and Standards are put in place to ensure that healthcare providers meet a certain level of performance. These standards outline the minimum expectations for healthcare professionals in terms of quality of care, patient safety, and ethical practices. By setting these minimal performance standards, healthcare organizations can ensure consistency in the delivery of healthcare services across different departments and facilities. This helps to maintain a certain level of quality and safety for patients. Therefore, the correct answer is minimal performance standards.
42.
Water softeners are used to remove ____ in the water.
Correct Answer
B. Calcium and magnesium
Explanation
Water softeners are used to remove calcium and magnesium in the water. These minerals are responsible for the hardness of the water, which can cause various problems such as scaling in pipes and appliances, reduced lathering of soaps, and decreased efficiency of water heaters. By removing calcium and magnesium ions through a process called ion exchange, water softeners help to improve the quality of water by reducing its hardness.
43.
To impede the growth of bacteria, soil on used instruments should be allowed to dry.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Allowing soil on used instruments to dry will not impede the growth of bacteria. Bacteria can survive and even multiply in dry conditions, so simply drying the soil will not eliminate the bacteria. Proper cleaning and sterilization methods should be used to effectively remove and kill bacteria on used instruments. Therefore, the statement is false.
44.
It is acceptable to transport soiled and clean items at the same time in the same cart if they are placed on separate shelves.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Transporting soiled and clean items at the same time in the same cart, even if they are placed on separate shelves, is not acceptable. This is because there is still a risk of cross-contamination between the soiled and clean items, even if they are physically separated. To ensure proper hygiene and prevent the spread of pathogens, it is important to keep soiled and clean items completely separate during transportation. Therefore, the correct answer is False.
45.
The human resources tool that identifies major tasks performed by persons in specific positions is called a:
Correct Answer
C. Job description
Explanation
A job description is a human resources tool that identifies the major tasks performed by individuals in specific positions. It provides a detailed summary of the responsibilities, duties, and requirements of a particular job. It helps in clearly defining the scope of work, expectations, and qualifications needed for the position. A job duty list, on the other hand, focuses more on listing the specific tasks or duties that need to be performed, while a job specification outlines the qualifications, skills, and experience required for the job. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is job description.
46.
Bacteria that are often pathogenic to humans because they grow well at body temperature are called:
Correct Answer
A. MesopHiles
Explanation
Bacteria that are often pathogenic to humans because they grow well at body temperature are called mesophiles. Mesophiles are microorganisms that thrive in moderate temperatures, typically between 20-45°C. Since the human body temperature falls within this range, mesophiles are able to grow and cause infections in humans. Thermophiles, on the other hand, prefer high temperatures and anaerobic bacteria do not require oxygen to survive. Therefore, mesophiles are the correct answer in this case.
47.
The largest customer of Central Service is:
Correct Answer
B. The OR
Explanation
The largest customer of Central Service is the OR, which stands for Operating Room. This means that the Operating Room is the department or area within the organization that requires the most services or products from Central Service.
48.
Which of the following is true about microorganisms?
Correct Answer
B. Microorganisms are necessary for life
Explanation
Microorganisms are necessary for life because they play a crucial role in various ecological processes. They are involved in nutrient cycling, decomposition, and the production of oxygen through photosynthesis. Additionally, microorganisms are important for human health as they aid in digestion, boost the immune system, and produce essential vitamins. While some microorganisms can cause diseases, not all of them are harmful to humans. In fact, many microorganisms are beneficial and essential for the functioning of ecosystems and the well-being of organisms, including humans.
49.
The organization that sets recommended practices and standards for sterilization is:
Correct Answer
A. AAMI
Explanation
AAMI, the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, is the organization that sets recommended practices and standards for sterilization. They provide guidelines and resources to ensure that medical instruments and equipment are properly sterilized to prevent the spread of infections and maintain patient safety. AAMI collaborates with healthcare professionals, manufacturers, and regulatory agencies to develop and update these standards, making them a trusted authority in the field of sterilization.
50.
Detergents and disinfectants are virtually the same thing.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Detergents and disinfectants are not the same thing. While both are used for cleaning purposes, detergents are primarily used for removing dirt and stains from surfaces, while disinfectants are used to kill germs and bacteria. Detergents are typically milder and are designed to be safe for everyday use, while disinfectants are stronger and are used in situations where a higher level of cleanliness and hygiene is required, such as in hospitals or during a pandemic. Therefore, the statement that detergents and disinfectants are virtually the same thing is false.