1.
All of the following are examples of real security and privacy risks EXCEPT__________
Correct Answer
B. Spam
Explanation
Spam is not an example of a real security and privacy risk because it refers to unsolicited emails or messages rather than malicious activities that can compromise the security or privacy of individuals or systems. Hackers, viruses, and identity theft, on the other hand, are all examples of real security and privacy risks as they involve unauthorized access, malicious software, and theft of personal information, respectively.
2.
A process known as ____________ is used by large retailers to study trends.
Correct Answer
A. Data mining
Explanation
Large retailers use a process called data mining to study trends. Data mining involves extracting useful information and patterns from large sets of data. This process helps retailers analyze customer behavior, preferences, and purchasing patterns, which enables them to make informed business decisions and develop effective marketing strategies. By analyzing the data, retailers can identify trends, predict future consumer behavior, and optimize their operations to meet customer demands.
3.
____________terminals (formerly known as cash registers) are often connected to complex inventory and sales computer systems.
Correct Answer
B. Point-of-sale (POS)
Explanation
Point-of-sale (POS) terminals, which were previously called cash registers, are frequently connected to intricate inventory and sales computer systems. This allows for seamless integration and management of sales and inventory data. The term "Point-of-sale" refers to the location where a transaction takes place, typically at a checkout counter or cash register. These terminals are essential in retail businesses as they facilitate the processing of sales and help in tracking inventory levels. The use of complex computer systems ensures accurate and efficient management of sales data, inventory tracking, and generating reports for analysis and decision-making purposes.
4.
A(n) ____________ system is a small, wireless handheld computer that scans an item's tag and pulls up the current price (and any special offers) as you shop.
Correct Answer
A. PSS
Explanation
A PSS (Portable Shopping System) is a small, wireless handheld computer that scans an item's tag and pulls up the current price (and any special offers) as you shop.
5.
The ability to recover and read deleted or damaged files from a criminal's computer is an example of a law enforcement specialty called:
Correct Answer
C. Computer forensics.
Explanation
Computer forensics is the correct answer because it refers to the specialized field of investigating and analyzing digital devices, such as computers, to recover and retrieve data that has been deleted or damaged. This process is often used in law enforcement to gather evidence from a criminal's computer, which can be crucial in solving crimes and prosecuting offenders. Robotics, simulation, and animation are not directly related to the recovery and analysis of digital data from computers.
6.
Which of the following is NOT one of the four major data processing functions of a computer?
Correct Answer
C. Analyzing the data or information
Explanation
Analyzing the data or information is not one of the four major data processing functions of a computer. The four major functions are gathering data, processing data into information, and storing the data or information. Analyzing the data or information involves interpreting and drawing conclusions from the processed data, which is a separate step from the actual processing itself.
7.
____________ tags, when placed on an animal, can be used to record and track in a database all of the animal’s movements.
Correct Answer
B. RFID
Explanation
RFID tags, when placed on an animal, can be used to record and track in a database all of the animal's movements. RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification, which uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects, in this case, animals. These tags contain unique identification numbers that can be scanned and recorded in a database, allowing for easy tracking and monitoring of the animal's movements. This technology is commonly used in wildlife research, livestock management, and pet tracking systems.
8.
Surgeons can perform delicate operations by manipulating devices through computers instead of manually. This technology is known as:
Correct Answer
A. Robotics
Explanation
Surgeons can perform delicate operations by manipulating devices through computers instead of manually. This technology is known as robotics.
9.
Technology no longer protected by copyright, available to everyone, is considered to be________
Correct Answer
D. Proprietary
Explanation
Technology that is no longer protected by copyright and is available to everyone is considered to be in the public domain. However, the correct answer is "proprietary," which means that the technology is privately owned and protected by patents or other forms of intellectual property rights. This implies that access to and use of the technology is restricted to the owner or authorized individuals.
10.
____________ is the study of molecules and structures whose size ranges from 1 to 100 nano meters.
Correct Answer
D. Nanoscience
Explanation
Nanoscience is the study of molecules and structures that are between 1 and 100 nanometers in size. It focuses on understanding and manipulating materials at the nanoscale level, which has applications in various fields such as medicine, electronics, and energy. Nanoscience involves studying the unique properties and behaviors of materials at this scale and developing new technologies and materials with enhanced properties.
11.
____________ is the science that attempts to produce machines that display the same type of intelligence that humans do.
Correct Answer
C. Artificial intelligence (AI)
Explanation
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the science that attempts to produce machines that display the same type of intelligence that humans do. AI involves developing computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as speech recognition, problem-solving, learning, and decision-making. It aims to create machines that can think, reason, and learn like humans, and can potentially replicate human cognitive abilities. AI has applications in various fields, including robotics, natural language processing, computer vision, and machine learning.
12.
____________ is data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion.
Correct Answer
D. Information
Explanation
Information is the correct answer because it refers to data that has been organized or presented in a meaningful fashion. Information is derived from raw data through a process of organizing, analyzing, and interpreting it. It provides context and meaning to the data, making it useful and understandable to users. Software, storage, and processes are all components that can be used to manage and manipulate data, but information is the end result of these activities.
13.
The name for the way that computers manipulate data into information is called________ .
Correct Answer
B. Processing
Explanation
Processing refers to the way computers manipulate data into information. It involves performing various operations on the data, such as calculations, sorting, filtering, and transforming it into a meaningful output. Processing is a crucial step in the data lifecycle, as it allows computers to analyze and interpret raw data, ultimately generating valuable insights and actionable results.
14.
Computers gather data, which means that they allow users to ____________ data.
Correct Answer
B. Input
Explanation
Computers gather data through various input devices such as keyboards, mice, scanners, and microphones. This data is then processed and used by the computer to perform various tasks. Therefore, the correct answer is "input" as it accurately describes the action of computers gathering data from users.
15.
After a picture has been taken with a digital camera and processed appropriately, the actual print of the picture is considered as_________
Correct Answer
B. Output
Explanation
After a picture has been taken with a digital camera and processed appropriately, the actual print of the picture is considered as output. This is because the print is the final result or outcome of the process of capturing and processing the image. It is the tangible representation of the digital data that was captured by the camera and transformed into a physical form.
16.
Computers use the ____________ language to process data.
Correct Answer
C. Binary
Explanation
Computers use the binary language to process data because binary is a base-2 number system that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, to represent all information. These digits are represented by the presence or absence of an electrical signal, which makes it easier for computers to process and manipulate data. Binary language is the most fundamental and fundamental language used by computers, allowing them to perform calculations, store and retrieve information, and execute instructions.
17.
Computers process data into information by working exclusively with_________
Correct Answer
B. Numbers
Explanation
Computers process data into information by working exclusively with numbers. This is because computers use a binary system, which means they can only understand and manipulate numbers represented in binary form. All data, including characters, words, and multimedia, are ultimately converted into numerical values that can be processed by the computer. Therefore, numbers are the fundamental building blocks that computers operate on to process and interpret data.
18.
In the binary language each letter of the alphabet, each number and each special character is made up of a unique combination of________
Correct Answer
D. 8 bits
Explanation
In the binary language, each letter, number, and special character is represented by a unique combination of 8 bits. Bits are the smallest unit of data in computing and can have a value of either 0 or 1. With 8 bits, there are 2^8 (256) possible combinations, which is enough to represent all the characters in the alphabet, numbers, and special characters. Therefore, 8 bits is the correct answer.
19.
Servers are computers that provide resources to other computers connected to a_________.
Correct Answer
A. Network
Explanation
The correct answer is "network" because servers are computers that are specifically designed to provide resources, such as files, applications, and services, to other computers connected to a network. They act as central hubs that manage and distribute these resources to clients, which are the other computers on the network. Therefore, the term "network" accurately describes the relationship between servers and the computers they serve.
20.
Smaller and less expensive PC-based servers are replacing ____________ in many businesses.
Correct Answer
D. Mainframes
Explanation
Smaller and less expensive PC-based servers are replacing mainframes in many businesses. This is because mainframes are large, expensive, and require specialized skills to operate and maintain. PC-based servers offer similar capabilities at a lower cost and are easier to manage. Additionally, advancements in technology have made it possible for PC-based servers to handle complex tasks and high workloads that were previously exclusive to mainframes. Therefore, many businesses are opting for PC-based servers as a more cost-effective and efficient alternative to mainframes.
21.
. ____________ are specially designed computers that perform complex calculations extremely rapidly.
Correct Answer
B. Supercomputers
Explanation
Supercomputers are specifically designed computers that are capable of performing complex calculations at incredibly high speeds. They are built with powerful processors, large amounts of memory, and specialized architecture to handle massive amounts of data and execute calculations in parallel. Supercomputers are typically used for scientific research, weather forecasting, simulations, and other tasks that require immense computational power. They surpass the capabilities of regular computers, servers, laptops, and mainframes in terms of speed and processing capabilities.
22.
DSL is an example of a(n) ____________ connection.
Correct Answer
D. Broadband
Explanation
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) is an example of a broadband connection. Broadband refers to a high-speed internet connection that provides faster data transmission compared to traditional dial-up connections. DSL uses existing telephone lines to transmit data, allowing users to access the internet while still being able to make phone calls. This type of connection is considered broadband because it offers higher speeds and greater bandwidth, enabling users to browse the internet, stream videos, and download files more efficiently.
23.
The difference between people with access to computers and the Internet and those without this access is known as the__________
Correct Answer
A. Digital divide
Explanation
The term "digital divide" refers to the gap or disparity between individuals or groups who have access to computers and the Internet and those who do not. It highlights the unequal distribution of technology and the resulting inequities in opportunities, resources, and information. The term "digital divide" encompasses a broader scope than the other options provided, as it encompasses not only access to the Internet but also access to computers and other digital technologies.
24.
____________ is the science revolving around the use of nano structures to build devices on an extremely small scale.
Correct Answer
A. Nanotechnology
Explanation
Nanotechnology is the science revolving around the use of nanostructures to build devices on an extremely small scale. It involves manipulating and controlling matter at the nanoscale level, typically between 1 and 100 nanometers. This field has the potential to revolutionize various industries, including medicine, electronics, and materials science, by enabling the development of new materials and technologies with enhanced properties and functionalities. Nanotechnology has applications in fields such as drug delivery, electronics, energy production, and environmental remediation.
25.
Which of the following is the correct order of the four major functions of a computer?
Correct Answer
D. Input à Process à Output à Storage
Explanation
The correct order of the four major functions of a computer is Input, Process, Output, and Storage. This order signifies the flow of data in a computer system. Input refers to the process of entering data into the computer, Process involves manipulating and processing the input data, Output is the result or display of the processed data, and Storage is where data is stored for future use.