Industrial Revolution Review 2017 2nd Nine Weeks

The Medici family played a significant role in spreading the influence of Renaissance culture throughout Italy. They were a powerful and wealthy family from Florence who were patrons of the arts, supporting and funding artists, architects, and scholars. They commissioned renowned works of art and established institutions that promoted intellectual and artistic pursuits. Their influence extended beyond Florence, as they formed alliances with other influential families and supported cultural activities in various Italian cities. Their patronage and support greatly contributed to the flourishing of Renaissance culture in Italy.

Martin Luther King Jr. actively advocated for change during the American Civil Rights Movement with the aim of assisting all individuals who required it. He fought against racial discrimination and inequality, advocating for equal rights and opportunities for all people, regardless of their race or background. Through peaceful protests and powerful speeches, King aimed to bring about positive change and create a more inclusive and just society. Therefore, the statement is true.

A theocracy is a form of government in which religious leaders hold the highest authority. However, it is possible for a theocracy to coexist with other forms of government. For example, a country may have a theocratic system in which religious leaders have significant influence and power, but there may also be elements of democracy or monarchy in the government structure. This means that while the religious leaders may have a strong role in decision-making, there may be other branches or individuals within the government who have their own powers and responsibilities. Therefore, it is true that a theocracy can exist with other forms of government.

The switch from handmade goods to machine-made goods refers to a significant period in history known as the Industrial Revolution. This revolution marked a shift from manual labor to the use of machinery in manufacturing processes. It resulted in increased production efficiency, economic growth, and the transformation of societies from agrarian to industrial. Therefore, the correct answer is Industrial Revolution.

In a monarchy, the political power is held by a king or queen who rules and leads the nation. Unlike other forms of government, such as a democracy or dictatorship, where power is either held by the people or a strong military leader, in a monarchy, the authority rests solely with the monarch. The monarch typically inherits their position and has the ultimate say in decision-making and governance.

The Industrial Revolution began in England. This is because England was the first country to experience a significant shift from hand production methods to machine-based manufacturing. It started in the late 18th century and continued throughout the 19th century. England had several factors that contributed to the start of the Industrial Revolution, including its abundant natural resources, such as coal and iron ore, a stable political system, a strong agricultural sector, and a skilled workforce. These factors, along with technological advancements and innovations, paved the way for the Industrial Revolution to begin in England.

The elevator does not belong with the First Industrial Revolution of England because it was not invented during that time period. The First Industrial Revolution, which occurred in the late 18th to early 19th century, was characterized by advancements in manufacturing and the development of new machinery. The steam engine, spinning jenny, and cotton gin were all significant inventions that contributed to the industrialization of England during this time. However, elevators were not invented until the mid-19th century and were not directly associated with the First Industrial Revolution.

The correct answer is citizens hold the political power in government. This is because in a democracy, the power to govern and make decisions lies with the people who are citizens of the country. They have the right to vote and elect their representatives, who then make decisions on their behalf. This ensures that the government is accountable to the people and reflects their interests and values.

During the Industrial Revolution, workers faced grueling working conditions, spending long hours in factories, typically working fourteen hours a day for six days a week. This statement accurately describes the harsh reality of their working lives, highlighting the excessive hours they had to endure.

The analogy is based on the relationship between Thomas Paine and Thomas Jefferson and the works they are associated with. Thomas Paine is known for writing "Common Sense," which is a pamphlet that advocated for American independence from Britain. Similarly, Thomas Jefferson is known for writing the "Declaration of Independence," which is a document that officially declared the American colonies' independence from Britain. Therefore, the analogy suggests that just as "Common Sense" is associated with Thomas Paine, the "Declaration of Independence" is associated with Thomas Jefferson.

During the French Revolution, the Reign of Terror took place from 1793 to 1794. This period was characterized by extreme and radical leadership, where many individuals were executed. The Reign of Terror was a response to the perceived threats to the revolution and aimed to eliminate counter-revolutionaries and enemies of the state. It was a time of intense political repression and violence, with thousands of people being executed by the guillotine. The Reign of Terror played a significant role in shaping the course of the French Revolution and solidifying the power of the revolutionary government.

Napoleon's rule did indeed bring an end to the French Revolution. After seizing power in 1799, Napoleon implemented a series of reforms and established a new government known as the Consulate. He stabilized the country, restored order, and ended the political turmoil that had characterized the revolution. His rule also brought about significant social and legal changes, such as the Napoleonic Code. Therefore, it is accurate to say that Napoleon's rule marked the conclusion of the French Revolution.

The Enclosure Movement refers to the process in England where common lands were enclosed and converted into privately owned farms. This resulted in poor farmers losing access to common lands, which they relied on for grazing their livestock and growing crops. As a result, they were forced to either become landless laborers or move to cities in search of work. This had a negative effect on poor farmers as it disrupted their traditional way of life and led to increased poverty and inequality. Therefore, the statement "The Enclosure Movement had a negative effect on poor farmers" is true.

Before the French Revolution, the Third Estate was responsible for paying all the taxes in the nation of France. The Third Estate consisted of the commoners, who were the majority of the population and included peasants, artisans, and the middle class. The First Estate comprised the clergy, the Second Estate consisted of the nobility, and the Fourth Estate referred to the press. However, it was the Third Estate that bore the burden of taxation, which was one of the factors that led to the uprising and eventual revolution.

King Louis XVI is the correct answer because he was the King of France when the French Revolution began. He ruled from 1774 until 1792 and his reign was marked by economic crisis, political unrest, and ultimately the overthrow of the monarchy during the revolution. His inability to address the grievances of the French people and implement necessary reforms contributed to the revolution and ultimately led to his execution in 1793.

A cottage industry refers to the practice of individuals or small groups of people working and producing goods from their homes, rather than in large factories. This allows for more flexibility and independence in terms of working hours and conditions. It also often involves the use of traditional or manual methods of production, rather than relying on large machines. This decentralized form of production was common before the industrial revolution and is still seen in certain industries today.

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The Renaissance began in Italy. Italy was the birthplace of this cultural and intellectual movement that spanned from the 14th to the 17th century. It was characterized by a revival of interest in classical Greek and Roman literature, art, and architecture. Italian cities such as Florence, Rome, and Venice became centers of artistic and intellectual activity during this period. The Renaissance in Italy had a profound impact on various fields, including art, literature, science, and philosophy, and its influence spread throughout Europe.

England served as the center of the Industrial Revolution due to its population, rivers, and abundant coal and iron resources. However, trees were not a significant resource that contributed to England's industrialization. While trees were used for various purposes, such as building materials and fuel, they were not as crucial as population, rivers, coal, and iron in driving the industrialization process.

Urbanization refers to the process of people moving from rural areas to cities in search of better economic opportunities and a higher standard of living. Immigration, on the other hand, specifically refers to the movement of individuals from one country to another. Therefore, the correct answer is "movement to cities" as it accurately describes the concept of urbanization.