Precaution Of Infection Control Quiz
Take this quiz and choose right answer for all these questions on precaution of infection control!
- 1.
Important characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis include:
- A.
Also called acid-fast because of its staining reaction
- B.
Highly resistant to disinfectants
- C.
Easily killed by lung macrophages
- D.
A and b
- E.
A, b, and c
Correct Answer
D. A and bExplanation
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is known as acid-fast because it can be stained with special dyes that retain their color even when exposed to acid. This staining characteristic helps in the identification of the bacterium. Additionally, M. tuberculosis is highly resistant to disinfectants, making it difficult to eradicate from surfaces. However, it is not easily killed by lung macrophages, which are immune cells responsible for engulfing and destroying pathogens. Therefore, the correct answer is a and b, as these characteristics accurately describe M. tuberculosis.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What does it mean if a person has a positive TB skin test result?
- A.
The person has TB
- B.
The person had TB
- C.
The person may have had a sublinical infection and now tests positive
- D.
A and b
- E.
A, b, and c
Correct Answer
E. A, b, and cExplanation
A positive TB skin test result indicates that the person has TB, had TB in the past, or may have had a subclinical infection and now tests positive. This means that the person currently has or had the disease, or they may have been exposed to the bacteria that causes TB in the past.Rate this question:
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- 3.
PPE necessary when drawing blood from a TB-positive patient includes gloves, goggles and ______.
- A.
N95 respirator
- B.
N95 respirator; fit tested
- C.
Surgical mask
- D.
Face shield
- E.
Surgical shoe coverings
Correct Answer
B. N95 respirator; fit testedExplanation
The correct answer is N95 respirator; fit tested. When drawing blood from a TB-positive patient, it is necessary to wear gloves and goggles to protect against potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens. However, because tuberculosis is an airborne disease, additional respiratory protection is required. The N95 respirator is specifically designed to filter out airborne particles, including TB bacteria. It is important to ensure that the respirator fits properly and provides a tight seal on the face, which is why fit testing is necessary to ensure its effectiveness.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What steps are to be taken with an accidental needle stick?
- A.
Rinse blood from puncture site
- B.
Apply antiseptic
- C.
Report accident to supervisor
- D.
See health care provider for possible prophylactic treatment
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." When an accidental needle stick occurs, it is important to take multiple steps to ensure safety and prevent any potential infection or transmission of diseases. Rinsing the blood from the puncture site helps remove any pathogens present. Applying antiseptic further reduces the risk of infection. Reporting the accident to a supervisor is necessary for documentation and further investigation. Seeing a healthcare provider is crucial to assess the need for prophylactic treatment, such as vaccinations or medications, to prevent any potential diseases. Therefore, all of these steps should be taken in case of an accidental needle stick.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Vaccines are available for?
- A.
HBV
- B.
HSV
- C.
HIV
- D.
HCV
- E.
CMV
Correct Answer
A. HBVExplanation
Vaccines are available for HBV, which stands for Hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver and can lead to chronic liver disease. Vaccines for HBV help to prevent the infection by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the virus. This helps to protect individuals from developing the disease and its complications.Rate this question:
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- 6.
HIV is diagnosed by_______?
- A.
Loss of CD4 lymphocytes
- B.
Presence of viral particles
- C.
Presence of antibodies to HIV
- D.
Loss of CD8 lymphocytes
- E.
Presence of viral cDNA
Correct Answer
C. Presence of antibodies to HIVExplanation
HIV is diagnosed by the presence of antibodies to HIV. When a person is infected with HIV, their immune system produces specific antibodies to fight against the virus. These antibodies can be detected through various tests, such as ELISA or Western blot, which can determine if a person has been exposed to HIV. This method is commonly used for HIV diagnosis as it is reliable and can detect the presence of antibodies even before symptoms appear.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What is the minimal concentration of bleach for disinfection?
- A.
0.5%
- B.
1%
- C.
5%
- D.
10%
- E.
100%
Correct Answer
D. 10% -
- 8.
What is septicemia?
- A.
Infection of the urinary tract
- B.
Infection of the blood
- C.
Infection of the sinuses
- D.
Infection of the inner ear
- E.
Infection of the lung
Correct Answer
B. Infection of the bloodExplanation
Septicemia is a condition characterized by the presence of bacteria or other harmful microorganisms in the bloodstream. It is commonly referred to as blood poisoning and can be life-threatening if left untreated. Symptoms of septicemia may include fever, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, and confusion. Prompt medical intervention is crucial to prevent the infection from spreading and causing further complications throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following is an aerobic bacteria?
- A.
Staphyococcus aureus
- B.
Mycobacterium tuberculosae
- C.
Enterococci
- D.
A and b
- E.
A,b, and c
Correct Answer
D. A and bExplanation
Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are both examples of aerobic bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that can survive and grow in the presence of oxygen, while Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an acid-fast bacterium that requires oxygen for its metabolism. Enterococci, on the other hand, are facultative anaerobes, meaning they can grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen. Therefore, the correct answer is a and b.Rate this question:
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- 10.
If using a butterfly needle apparatus to draw a blood culture set and a CBC, which tube or vial is drawn first?
- A.
Lavender-top tube
- B.
Aerobic blood culture bottle
- C.
Anaerobic blood culture bottle
- D.
Red-top tube
- E.
Black-top tube
Correct Answer
B. Aerobic blood culture bottleExplanation
The aerobic blood culture bottle is drawn first because it is used to collect a sample for bacterial culture, which is necessary to identify and diagnose bacterial infections. The lavender-top tube is typically used for collecting blood for a complete blood count (CBC), which measures different components of the blood such as red and white blood cells. The red-top tube is commonly used for collecting serum samples, while the black-top tube is used for collecting whole blood samples for certain tests. However, in this scenario, the priority is to collect the blood culture sample first to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment of potential bacterial infections.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which statement is incorrect concerning normal flora of the skin?
- A.
Normal flora refers to bacteria normally present
- B.
Staph. aureus is part of the normal flora of the skin
- C.
Staph. epidermidis is part of the normal flora of the skin
- D.
A and b
- E.
A and c
Correct Answer
E. A and cExplanation
The statement "normal flora refers to bacteria normally present" is incorrect because normal flora refers to the microorganisms (including bacteria, fungi, and viruses) that are normally present in and on the human body, not just bacteria. The statement "Staph. aureus is part of the normal flora of the skin" is correct because Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterium found on the skin of many individuals. The statement "Staph. epidermidis is part of the normal flora of the skin" is also correct because Staphylococcus epidermidis is another common bacterium that is part of the normal flora of the skin. Therefore, the correct answer is a and c.Rate this question:
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- 12.
When cleansing a site for blood culture, which of the following statements is not true?
- A.
An alcohol swab is used first, followed by iodine
- B.
A circular motion beginning in the center and moving outward is used to clean the site.
- C.
A previously cleaned area should not be retouched
- D.
After cleansing, the vein may be repalpated with a gloved finger
Correct Answer
D. After cleansing, the vein may be repalpated with a gloved fingerExplanation
After cleansing the site for blood culture, the vein should not be repalpated with a gloved finger. Repalpating the vein can introduce bacteria from the glove to the site, potentially contaminating the blood culture sample. It is important to maintain aseptic technique throughout the procedure to ensure accurate and reliable results.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the most common type of nosocomial infection?
- A.
Urinary tract
- B.
Respiratory
- C.
Skin
- D.
Surgical wounds
- E.
Neonatal
Correct Answer
A. Urinary tractExplanation
The most common type of nosocomial infection is urinary tract infection. This is because urinary catheters are frequently used in hospitals, which can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract and cause an infection. Additionally, patients in hospitals often have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections. Respiratory infections are also common in hospitals, but urinary tract infections are more prevalent. Skin infections can occur, especially in surgical wounds, but they are not as common as urinary tract infections. Neonatal infections can also occur in hospitals, but they are less common than urinary tract infections.Rate this question:
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- 14.
If not enough blood is added to a blood culture bottle ___________.
- A.
The probability of detecting bacteria is decreased
- B.
It may take longer to detect whether bacteria are present in the patient's blood
- C.
Carbon dioxide levels become increased
- D.
A and b
- E.
A, b, and c
Correct Answer
D. A and bExplanation
If not enough blood is added to a blood culture bottle, the probability of detecting bacteria is decreased because there may not be enough sample for the bacteria to grow and be detected. Additionally, it may take longer to detect whether bacteria are present in the patient's blood because the smaller sample size may require more time for the bacteria to multiply to detectable levels.Rate this question:
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- 15.
A patient in reverse isolation ___________.
- A.
Has a very dangerous contagious infection
- B.
Is highly vulnerable to infection
- C.
May have a suppressed immune system
- D.
A and b
- E.
B and c
Correct Answer
E. B and cExplanation
A patient in reverse isolation is highly vulnerable to infection and may have a suppressed immune system. Reverse isolation is a protective measure taken to prevent the patient from being exposed to any harmful pathogens. This is typically done for patients who have a weakened immune system, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or organ transplantation. These patients are at a higher risk of acquiring infections, so it is important to limit their exposure to potential sources of infection.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Hematopoietic stem cells ________.
- A.
Have the ability to develop into any cell type of the body
- B.
Have the ability to form all types of blood cells
- C.
Are found in teh bone marrow
- D.
A and b
- E.
B and c
Correct Answer
E. B and cExplanation
Hematopoietic stem cells have the ability to form all types of blood cells and are found in the bone marrow. These cells are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate into various types of blood cells such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The bone marrow is the primary site where hematopoiesis, the process of blood cell formation, takes place. Therefore, options b and c are correct as they accurately describe the characteristics and location of hematopoietic stem cells.Rate this question:
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- 17.
An MRSA ________.
- A.
Is a bacteria that is not inhibited by routine antibiotics
- B.
Can cause serious bone infection
- C.
Can cause serious wound infections
- D.
Is spread mostly by contact
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a bacteria that is not inhibited by routine antibiotics, making it difficult to treat. It can cause serious bone infections and wound infections. MRSA is spread mostly by contact, such as through direct skin-to-skin contact or by touching contaminated surfaces. Therefore, all of the given statements are true about MRSA.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Jun 03, 2010Quiz Created by
ALEaton