1.
1.Standard precautions are work practices required for the basic level of infection control. Which of the following do they apply to?
Correct Answer
B. All patients regardless of suspected or confirmed infection status .
Explanation
Because according to recent CDC guidelines ,All pts should be consider as Infected Pt.
2.
Five moments have been identified as critical times when hand hygiene should be performed. These are:
Correct Answer
A. Before and after patient contact; before a procedure; after a procedure or contact with blood or body fluids; after contact with the patient's environment
Explanation
5 movements of hand hygiene according to all WHO guidelines to prevent transmission of infections.
3.
Mrs fatima is admitted to Hospital A with a leg wound which is infected with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The wound has moderate purulent ooze. Mr Jones is admitted to hospital A and because he was in the hospital with an MRSA infected surgical wound one month ago. He has his nose and groin swabbed for MRSA and is found to be colonised with MRSA. Mrs Smith is placed in contact precautions. Should Mr Jones also be placed in contact precautions?
Correct Answer
C. Yes, because colonisation may be a form of carriage and is a potential source of transmission
Explanation
if proper precaution will not follow ;colonized pt may transmit the infections
4.
Three patients present to a small rural hospital on Monday morning. Six year old Will is covered in a florid rash with a high temperature and a cough. His mother does not believe in vaccinating her children. They recently returned from a trip to India. Two month old Jade has been admitted with bronchiolitis probably caused by respiratory syncitial virus (RSV). Ten year old Blake has a nasty infected cut on his hand. His brother was recently discharged from the hospital following treatment for community acquired MRSA infection of his leg.
The hospital only has one single room available. Which of the three patients should be placed in the single room?
Correct Answer
B. Will because he probably has measles and since this is spread by the airborne route he needs a single room with negative pressure air conditioning. If that is not available he must be put in a single room.
Explanation
Will because he probably has measles and since this is spread by the airborne route he needs a single room with negative pressure air conditioning. If that is not available he must be put in a single room.
5.
Standard precautions include:
Correct Answer
C. All of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is "All of the above" because standard precautions in healthcare settings include practicing hand hygiene and using personal protective equipment (PPE). Hand hygiene, such as washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer, helps prevent the spread of germs. PPE, such as gloves, masks, and gowns, are used to protect healthcare workers and patients from exposure to infectious agents. By following all of these precautions, healthcare workers can minimize the risk of transmission of infections.
6.
What three elements are needed for a healthcare associated infection to occur?
Correct Answer
A. An infectious agent, a source and a susceptible host
Explanation
To have a healthcare-associated infection, three elements are necessary. First, there must be an infectious agent, such as a bacteria or virus, that can cause the infection. Second, there needs to be a source from which the infectious agent can spread, such as contaminated surfaces or equipment. Finally, there must be a susceptible host, someone who is vulnerable to the infection, such as a patient with a weakened immune system. These three elements together create the conditions for a healthcare-associated infection to occur.
7.
When are additional transmission based precautions required?
Correct Answer
B. When standard precautions alone are not sufficient to prevent the transmission of disease or infectious
Explanation
Additional transmission-based precautions are required when standard precautions alone are not sufficient to prevent the transmission of disease or infectious. This means that in certain situations, such as when dealing with highly contagious diseases or patients with weakened immune systems, additional precautions beyond standard measures like hand hygiene and personal protective equipment are necessary to prevent the spread of infection.
8.
Air borne precautions includes?
Correct Answer
B. N-95 Mask.Negative pressure room
Explanation
Airborne precautions are necessary to prevent the transmission of infectious agents that are spread through the air. These precautions include the use of N-95 masks, which are designed to filter out small particles in the air. Additionally, a negative pressure room is recommended to prevent the escape of airborne contaminants from the room. This combination of N-95 masks and negative pressure rooms helps to protect healthcare workers and prevent the spread of airborne diseases.
9.
Contact precautions not include:
Correct Answer
C. All of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." This means that contact precautions do not include N-95 masks or negative pressure rooms. Contact precautions typically involve measures such as hand hygiene, gloves, gowns, and dedicated equipment to prevent the spread of infectious diseases through direct contact. N-95 masks and negative pressure rooms are used for airborne precautions, which are separate from contact precautions.
10.
Cohort isolation means:
Correct Answer
A. Diffrent pts with same infection
Explanation
The correct answer is "different patients with the same infection." Cohort isolation refers to the practice of isolating a group of individuals who have been diagnosed with the same infectious disease. This is done to prevent the spread of the infection to other patients or individuals. By isolating the cohort, healthcare providers can implement specific infection control measures and provide targeted treatment to effectively manage the infection within the group.