1.
The two main branches of Science are Natural and Social Science
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that natural science and social science are indeed the two main branches of science. Natural science is concerned with the study of the natural world, including physics, chemistry, biology, and earth sciences. On the other hand, social science focuses on the study of human society and social relationships, including disciplines like sociology, psychology, anthropology, and economics. These two branches cover a wide range of scientific knowledge and research, making them the foundational pillars of the scientific field.
2.
Which of the following is not a branch of Natural Science
Correct Answer
D. Social
Explanation
Social science is not a branch of natural science because it focuses on the study of human society and social relationships. It involves the study of various subjects such as sociology, anthropology, political science, economics, and psychology. Unlike natural science, which deals with the physical and natural world, social science is concerned with understanding human behavior, social structures, and cultural phenomena.
3.
Chemistry and Physics are two branches of __________ Science
Correct Answer
C. pHysical
Explanation
Chemistry and Physics are two branches of Physical Science because they both deal with the study of matter and energy. Chemistry focuses on the composition, properties, and reactions of substances, while Physics focuses on the fundamental principles and laws that govern the behavior of matter and energy. Both disciplines are essential in understanding the physical world and explaining natural phenomena.
4.
The application of science to meet human needs is reffered to as
Correct Answer
A. Technology
Explanation
The application of science to meet human needs refers to using scientific knowledge and principles to develop practical solutions, tools, and techniques. This is commonly known as technology. Technology involves the creation, modification, and utilization of various artifacts, systems, and processes to fulfill human needs and improve the quality of life. It encompasses a wide range of fields and industries, including electronics, engineering, medicine, communication, transportation, and more.
5.
Scientists must base their conclusions to experiments on observations not inferences
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Scientists must base their conclusions on observations rather than inferences because observations are direct evidence of what is happening or what has happened, while inferences are interpretations or explanations based on observations. Observations provide factual information that can be measured, recorded, and analyzed, allowing scientists to draw accurate and reliable conclusions. Inferences, on the other hand, involve making assumptions or educated guesses based on limited information or personal beliefs, which may not always be accurate or supported by evidence. Therefore, scientists rely on observations to ensure the validity and credibility of their conclusions.
6.
A series of logical steps that is followed in order to solve a problem is called the
Correct Answer
A. Scientific Method
Explanation
The scientific method is a series of logical steps that scientists follow in order to solve a problem. It involves making observations, formulating a hypothesis, conducting experiments or gathering data, analyzing the results, and drawing conclusions. This method allows scientists to systematically approach and investigate a problem, ensuring that their findings are reliable and reproducible. By following the scientific method, scientists can minimize bias and errors, and ultimately contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their field.
7.
"A comet impact killed the dinosaurs" can answered by an experiment and would be easy to apply the scientific method to.
Correct Answer
B. False
8.
Technology can best be defined as
Correct Answer
A. The application of science
Explanation
Technology is the practical application of scientific knowledge to solve problems, improve processes, and create useful products or systems. It involves using scientific principles and discoveries to develop tools, machines, techniques, and methods that enhance human capabilities and improve our understanding of the world around us. Technology goes beyond simply building scientific knowledge or explaining science, as it involves the practical implementation and utilization of scientific concepts and theories.
9.
Scientists test a hypothesis by
Correct Answer
A. Conducting experiments
Explanation
Scientists test a hypothesis by conducting experiments. This involves designing and carrying out controlled experiments to gather data and evidence. By manipulating variables and observing the outcomes, scientists can determine whether their hypothesis is supported or refuted. Conducting experiments allows scientists to systematically test their ideas and gather empirical evidence to support their claims.
10.
A possible answer to a scientific problem is called a __________.
Correct Answer
B. Hypothesis
Explanation
A possible answer to a scientific problem is called a hypothesis. A hypothesis is a proposed explanation or prediction based on observations and existing knowledge. It is a tentative explanation that can be tested through further experimentation and observation. A hypothesis is an important step in the scientific method as it helps guide the research and investigation process.
11.
The scientific method gives scientists a way to organize their thinking about a problem or question.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The scientific method is a systematic approach used by scientists to investigate and understand the natural world. It involves making observations, formulating a hypothesis, conducting experiments or gathering data, analyzing the results, and drawing conclusions. By following this method, scientists are able to organize their thoughts and actions in a logical and structured manner, which helps them in finding answers to their questions or solving problems. Therefore, the statement "The scientific method gives scientists a way to organize their thinking about a problem or question" is true.
12.
An explanation that has been tested repeatedly with experiments is called a...
Correct Answer
B. Scientific Theory
Explanation
A scientific theory is an explanation that has been tested repeatedly with experiments, making it the correct answer. Scientific theories are based on empirical evidence and have been subjected to rigorous testing and validation. They are widely accepted explanations that provide a framework for understanding and predicting natural phenomena. Unlike scientific laws, which describe observed patterns or relationships, scientific theories explain why those patterns or relationships occur. Therefore, a scientific theory is the most appropriate term for an explanation that has been repeatedly tested with experiments.
13.
A scientific ______________ describes a natural event but does not explain why the event occurred
Correct Answer
A. Law
Explanation
A scientific law is a statement that describes a natural event or phenomenon, based on repeated observations and experiments. It summarizes the behavior or pattern observed in nature, without providing an explanation for why it occurs. Laws are often expressed in mathematical equations or formulas and are widely accepted as true within a certain range of conditions. They serve as a foundation for scientific understanding and can be used to make predictions about future events.
14.
Scientific theories can never be changed even when new discoveries are made
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Scientific theories are constantly evolving and subject to change based on new discoveries and evidence. As new information is gathered, theories are revised or replaced to better explain the natural world. This is the essence of the scientific method, which encourages the modification of theories in light of new data. Therefore, the statement that scientific theories can never be changed is false.
15.
When a scientific theory is proven it becomes a scientific law
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is incorrect. When a scientific theory is proven, it does not automatically become a scientific law. A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a body of evidence. It is supported by a wide range of experiments, observations, and data. On the other hand, a scientific law is a statement that describes a natural phenomenon or pattern that is always observed to occur under certain conditions. Laws are often derived from theories but are simpler and more concise. Therefore, a theory does not become a law when proven.
16.
Scientists use models to represent real situations and to make _____________
Correct Answer
A. Predictions
Explanation
Scientists use models to represent real situations and to make predictions. Models are simplified representations of complex systems or phenomena that help scientists understand and analyze them. By using models, scientists can simulate different scenarios and predict how the real situation might behave under different conditions. This allows them to make informed decisions and draw conclusions about the real world based on their predictions from the models.
17.
Scientists often use to study complicated events or large amount sof data in order to make predictions
Correct Answer
D. Computer Models
Explanation
Scientists often use computer models to study complicated events or large amounts of data in order to make predictions. Computer models allow scientists to simulate and analyze complex systems or phenomena that may be difficult or impossible to observe directly. These models can incorporate various variables, parameters, and algorithms to simulate real-world scenarios and generate predictions or insights. By inputting data and running simulations, scientists can gain a better understanding of the behavior and outcomes of these events or phenomena, helping them make informed decisions and predictions.
18.
Using mathematics to describe a scientific event would be considered a model
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because using mathematics to describe a scientific event involves creating a model. A model is a simplified representation of a real-world phenomenon that allows scientists to make predictions and understand the underlying principles. By using mathematical equations and formulas, scientists can quantify and analyze the variables and relationships involved in a scientific event, leading to a better understanding of the event and its outcomes.
19.
Representation of a real event or object usually too large or small to see is called a
Correct Answer
B. Scientific Model
Explanation
A scientific model is a representation of a real event or object that is usually too large or small to see. It is used to study and understand complex phenomena by simplifying them and making them easier to visualize and manipulate. Scientific models can be physical, such as a scaled-down replica of a building, or conceptual, such as a mathematical equation that describes the behavior of a system. They are widely used in various scientific disciplines, including physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering, to test hypotheses, predict outcomes, and communicate ideas.
20.
Line graphs are most effective at displaying data that __________
Correct Answer
A. Changes constantly
Explanation
Line graphs are most effective at displaying data that changes constantly because they show the trend and fluctuations of data over time. Line graphs use a series of points connected by lines to represent the data, allowing for easy visualization of how the data changes and identifying any patterns or trends. This type of graph is particularly useful for tracking and analyzing data that is constantly changing, such as stock prices, temperature variations, or population growth.
21.
The best kind of graph to make to show the density of a number of different substances, would be a __________ __________.
Correct Answer
A. Bar grapH
Explanation
A bar graph would be the best kind of graph to show the density of different substances because it allows for easy comparison between the densities of each substance. Each substance can be represented by a separate bar, with the height of the bar indicating the density. This visual representation allows for a clear understanding of the relative densities of the substances being compared.
22.
The SI base unit for time is
Correct Answer
A. Seconds (s)
Explanation
The SI base unit for time is seconds (s). This is because seconds are the most fundamental unit of time measurement in the International System of Units (SI). Other units of time, such as minutes, hours, and days, are derived from the base unit of seconds. Therefore, seconds are considered the standard unit for measuring time in scientific and everyday applications.
23.
The SI base unit for Mass is
Correct Answer
D. Grams (g)
Explanation
The correct answer is grams (g) because the International System of Units (SI) defines the gram as the base unit for mass. The gram is a metric unit of measurement that is commonly used for small masses, while kilograms are used for larger masses. The other options, such as pounds, ounces, and stones, are not SI base units for mass and are typically used in non-metric systems of measurement.
24.
The SI base unit for Temperature is
Correct Answer
C. Kelvin
Explanation
The SI base unit for temperature is Kelvin. Kelvin is the unit used in the International System of Units (SI) for measuring temperature. It is based on the absolute scale, where zero Kelvin represents absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature. Kelvin is used in scientific and engineering applications because it is a metric unit and does not have negative values, making it easier to work with in calculations.
25.
The symbol for the SI base unit for length is
Correct Answer
A. M
Explanation
The symbol for the SI base unit for length is "m" which stands for meter. The meter is the standard unit of length in the International System of Units (SI) and is used to measure distances and dimensions. It is a fundamental unit and is widely used in scientific and everyday measurements. Other units such as centimeters (cm), inches (in), and feet (ft) are derived from the meter and are used for smaller or larger measurements.
26.
Maria is 123 centimeters (cm) tall. Her height in meters (m) is
Hint: There are 100 cm in 1 m
Correct Answer
A. 1.23 m
Explanation
Maria's height is given in centimeters, and we need to convert it to meters. Since there are 100 centimeters in 1 meter, we divide 123 centimeters by 100 to get the height in meters. Therefore, Maria's height in meters is 1.23 m.
27.
A loaf of bread weighs 1362 grams (g). The weight in kilograms is
Hint: There are 1000 g in 1 Kg
Correct Answer
A. 1.362 kg
Explanation
The weight of the loaf of bread is given in grams, and the question asks for the weight in kilograms. To convert grams to kilograms, we divide the weight in grams by 1000. Therefore, the correct answer is 1.362 kg.
28.
The amount of matter in an object is its mass. The force with which gravity pulls on mass is
Correct Answer
A. Weight
Explanation
Weight is the correct answer because it refers to the force with which gravity pulls on an object's mass. Weight is dependent on the mass of an object and the strength of the gravitational field it is in. It is measured in units of force, such as pounds or newtons.
29.
What is 789,000,000,000 in scientific notation?
Correct Answer
A. 7.89 X 10^11
Explanation
The number 789,000,000,000 can be written in scientific notation as 7.89 X 10^11. In scientific notation, a number is expressed as a decimal number multiplied by a power of 10. In this case, the decimal number is 7.89 and the power of 10 is 11. This means that the number 7.89 X 10^11 is equal to 789,000,000,000.
30.
The speed of light is 3.0 X 108 m/s. What is this value in standard notation?
Correct Answer
A. 300,000,000 m/s
Explanation
The speed of light, which is 3.0 X 10^8 m/s, can be expressed in standard notation as 300,000,000 m/s.
31.
The number .0009234 would be written in scientific notation as __________.
Correct Answer
A. 9.2 X 10^-4
Explanation
The given number, .0009234, is a very small number. In scientific notation, a number is written in the form of a decimal between 1 and 10, multiplied by a power of 10. To convert .0009234 to scientific notation, we move the decimal point 4 places to the right to get 9.234. Since we moved the decimal point to the right, the exponent of 10 is negative. Therefore, the number .0009234 would be written in scientific notation as 9.2 X 10^-4.
32.
The number .0034 would be written as __________ in scientific notation
Correct Answer
A. 3.4 X 10^-3
Explanation
The given number, .0034, can be written in scientific notation as 3.4 X 10^-3. In scientific notation, the number is expressed as a decimal between 1 and 10 (in this case, 3.4) multiplied by a power of 10 (in this case, -3). This represents the number of decimal places the decimal point needs to be moved to the left to get the original number. In this case, the decimal point needs to be moved 3 places to the left to get .0034.
33.
The number 4.065 has how many significant figures?
Correct Answer
C. 4
Explanation
The number 4.065 has four significant figures because all of the digits in the number are non-zero and are therefore considered significant.
34.
The number 4,000,000 has how many significant figures?
Correct Answer
A. 1
Explanation
The number 4,000,000 has only one significant figure because leading zeros are not considered significant.
35.
The number 7.89 x 1010 has how many significant figures?
Correct Answer
B. 3
Explanation
The number 7.89 x 10^10 has three significant figures because the digits 7, 8, and 9 are all non-zero and therefore significant. The exponent 10^10 does not affect the number of significant figures.
36.
The number .000670 has how many significant figures?
Correct Answer
B. 3
Explanation
The number .000670 has three significant figures because all non-zero digits are significant and any zeros between non-zero digits are also significant.
37.
A measurement that is close to the true value and has several significant figures is likely to be
Correct Answer
C. Both Precise and Accurate
Explanation
A measurement that is close to the true value indicates accuracy, while having several significant figures indicates precision. Therefore, a measurement that is both close to the true value and has several significant figures is likely to be both precise and accurate.
38.
The extent to which a measurement approaches the true value is referred to as __________
Correct Answer
B. Accurate
Explanation
Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true or accepted value. It is a measure of how well a measurement represents the actual value being measured. A measurement can be precise, meaning it has a low level of random error, but not accurate if it is consistently off from the true value. Therefore, the extent to which a measurement approaches the true value is referred to as accurate.
39.
Which measurement is most precise? 40g 40.0g 40.00g
Correct Answer
C. 40.00 g
Explanation
The measurement 40.00 g is the most precise because it has the highest number of significant figures. The presence of two decimal places indicates a higher level of precision compared to 40.0 g, which has only one decimal place, and 40 g, which has no decimal places.
40.
Although a measurement of 6.13457902 cm is very precise it may not be accurate.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement suggests that the measurement of 6.13457902 cm is precise, meaning it has a high level of detail or specificity. However, it also states that this measurement may not be accurate, implying that it may not be close to the true or correct value. Therefore, the statement is true because precision does not guarantee accuracy.
41.
Is the following statement an observation or an inference?
"The two police officers in the picture are guarding the street beacuase a crime was commited"
Correct Answer
B. Inference
Explanation
The statement is an inference because it goes beyond the information provided in the picture and makes a conclusion based on that information. The picture only shows two police officers on the street, but it does not provide any direct evidence that a crime was committed. The statement assumes that the presence of the police officers is due to a crime being committed, which is an inference made by the person making the statement.
42.
What was the increase in ridership between 1998 and 2008?
Correct Answer
D. 100,000
Explanation
The increase in ridership between 1998 and 2008 was 100,000.
43.
What is the most likely reason the ridership increased and the casualties decreased in NYC from 1998-2008?
Correct Answer
B. NYC made bicycle lanes on most downtown roads
Explanation
The most likely reason for the increase in ridership and decrease in casualties in NYC from 1998-2008 is that NYC made bicycle lanes on most downtown roads. By creating dedicated lanes for bicycles, it provided a safer and more accessible environment for cyclists, encouraging more people to ride bikes. This increase in the number of people riding bikes would naturally lead to an increase in ridership and a decrease in casualties as the infrastructure became more accommodating to cyclists.
44.
How much green house gas emmissions comes from a single driver in a large 4WD vehicle?
Correct Answer
A. 0.44 Kg per KM
Explanation
The correct answer is 0.44 Kg per KM. This means that a single driver in a large 4WD vehicle emits 0.44 kilograms of greenhouse gases for every kilometer driven.
45.
Does Tobacco Tax or Fuel Tax generate more funds for the Government?
Correct Answer
A. Tobacco Tax
Explanation
Tobacco tax generates more funds for the government compared to fuel tax. This is because tobacco products are heavily taxed due to their harmful effects on health and society. The high tax rates on tobacco products result in a significant revenue stream for the government. On the other hand, fuel tax, although it also contributes to government revenue, is generally lower in comparison. Additionally, the demand for tobacco products is relatively inelastic, meaning that even with higher taxes, people continue to purchase them, further increasing the funds generated for the government.
46.
Which type of sleeper takes more total breaths per minute?
Correct Answer
B. Person with Apnea Sleep
Explanation
A person with apnea sleep takes more total breaths per minute because apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing or shallow breaths during sleep. These pauses can occur multiple times throughout the night, causing the person to take more breaths per minute in order to compensate for the interrupted breathing.
47.
Do chemical or physical properties involve forming a new substance?
Correct Answer
A. Chemical
Explanation
Chemical properties involve the formation of a new substance. This means that when a chemical change occurs, the original substance is transformed into a different substance with new properties. This can involve a variety of processes such as a reaction with another substance, a change in molecular structure, or the release of energy. In contrast, physical properties do not involve the formation of a new substance. They describe the characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its chemical composition.
48.
Is the oxidation of a substance a chemical or physical property?
Correct Answer
A. Chemical
Explanation
The oxidation of a substance is a chemical property because it involves a chemical reaction where the substance combines with oxygen or loses electrons. This process leads to a change in the chemical composition of the substance, resulting in the formation of new compounds or the alteration of its properties. Physical properties, on the other hand, are characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's chemical composition. Since oxidation involves a chemical reaction and leads to a change in composition, it is considered a chemical property.
49.
Where could you find information about the flammability of a product?
Correct Answer
B. MSDS Sheet
Explanation
The correct answer is MSDS Sheet. MSDS stands for Material Safety Data Sheet, which is a document that provides detailed information about the potential hazards, handling, storage, and emergency procedures for a specific product. It includes information about the flammability of a product, along with other safety-related data. Therefore, if you want to find information about the flammability of a product, you can refer to its MSDS Sheet.
50.
When energy is added to a solid substance what happens to the particles?
Correct Answer
B. They speed up
Explanation
When energy is added to a solid substance, the particles within the substance gain kinetic energy. This increase in kinetic energy causes the particles to move faster, resulting in an increase in their speed. Therefore, the correct answer is "They speed up."