Introduction To Anatomy And Physiology Quiz
Are you preparing for the anatomy and physiology exam? You can take this introduction to the anatomy and physiology quiz to practice and prepare for the exam. The topic is all about the human body, cells, and their working. You can take this to practice what you have learned and get some more knowledge about anatomy and physiology. All your correct answers will give you the score. You can share the quiz and your results with other aspirants also, to help them practice on this topic.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
________ is the study of the structure of the body.
Explanation
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body, including the arrangement and relationship of its parts. It involves examining the organs, tissues, and systems that make up the human body and how they function together. By understanding the anatomy of the body, healthcare professionals can diagnose and treat diseases more effectively.Rate this question:
- 2.
___________ is the study of the functions of the body.
Explanation
Physiology is the study of the functions of the body. It focuses on how different systems and organs work together to maintain homeostasis and carry out various processes necessary for life. This field of study involves understanding the mechanisms behind bodily functions, such as the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, nervous system, and many others. By studying physiology, researchers and healthcare professionals gain insights into normal body functions as well as the changes that occur in diseases and disorders, leading to advancements in medical treatments and interventions.Rate this question:
- 3.
The body is a chemical and physical machine and has laws called?
- A.
Human laws
- B.
Physical laws
- C.
Chemical laws
- D.
Natural laws
- E.
Functional laws
Correct Answer
D. Natural lawsExplanation
The body is a complex system that operates based on specific rules and principles. These rules and principles are known as natural laws. Natural laws govern the chemical and physical processes that occur within the body, such as metabolism, homeostasis, and the functioning of various organs and systems. These laws dictate how the body functions and interacts with its environment, ensuring its survival and optimal functioning. Therefore, natural laws are the most appropriate term to describe the laws that govern the body's chemical and physical machine.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Each part of the body has a job called function. For each function, there is a structure engineered to do it.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
This statement is true because each part of the body, such as organs, tissues, and cells, has a specific function or job to perform. These functions are essential for the proper functioning of the body. Additionally, the structures of these body parts are specifically designed and engineered to carry out their respective functions efficiently.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Anatomy is studied by_________.
Correct Answer
dissectionExplanation
Anatomy is the study of the structure and organization of living organisms. One of the primary methods used to study anatomy is dissection, which involves the careful cutting and examination of the body to observe and understand its internal structures. Through dissection, anatomists are able to gain knowledge about the different organs, tissues, and systems of the body, and how they function and interact with each other. Therefore, dissection is a crucial technique in the study of anatomy.Rate this question:
- 6.
No two humans are built exactly alike, but there are 3 major basic body shapes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement suggests that there are 3 major basic body shapes, implying that every human is unique in terms of their physical build. This aligns with the fact that no two humans are exactly alike, as individuals vary in their height, weight, proportions, and body composition. Therefore, the answer "true" is correct.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What are the 3 major body types?
- A.
Ectomorph
- B.
Supermorph
- C.
Endomorph
- D.
Mesomorph
- E.
Anamorph
Correct Answer(s)
A. EctomorpH
C. EndomorpH
D. MesomorpHExplanation
The 3 major body types are ectomorph, endomorph, and mesomorph. Ectomorphs are typically lean and have a hard time gaining weight or muscle. Endomorphs tend to have a higher body fat percentage and struggle with weight loss. Mesomorphs are naturally muscular and athletic, with a well-defined physique. These body types are used to categorize individuals based on their genetic predispositions and can help guide nutrition and exercise recommendations for optimal health and fitness.Rate this question:
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- 8.
An ectomorph is....?
- A.
Broad individual
- B.
Muscular individual
- C.
Corpulent individual
- D.
Furry individual
- E.
Slim individual
Correct Answer
E. Slim individualExplanation
An ectomorph is typically characterized as a slim individual. This body type is commonly associated with individuals who have a lean and slender build, often with long limbs and a fast metabolism. Ectomorphs tend to find it difficult to gain weight or muscle mass, and may have a naturally low body fat percentage.Rate this question:
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- 9.
An endomorph is.....?
- A.
Broad individual
- B.
Muscular individual
- C.
Corpulent individual
- D.
Furry individual
- E.
Slim individual
Correct Answer
A. Broad individualExplanation
An endomorph is typically characterized as a broad individual. This means that they have a wider and rounder body shape, with a higher percentage of body fat. Endomorphs tend to have a slower metabolism and may find it easier to gain weight. They often have a stockier build and a tendency to store fat in the midsection. This is in contrast to ectomorphs, who are typically slim individuals with a faster metabolism, and mesomorphs, who are muscular individuals with a more athletic build.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A mesomorph is....?
- A.
Broad individual
- B.
Muscular individual
- C.
Corpulent individual
- D.
Furry individual
- E.
Slim individual
Correct Answer
B. Muscular individualExplanation
A mesomorph is a term used to describe a muscular individual. Mesomorphs typically have a naturally athletic and muscular build, with well-defined muscles and a low body fat percentage. They tend to have a higher metabolism and find it easier to gain and maintain muscle mass. This body type is often associated with individuals who excel in sports and physical activities that require strength and power.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Ectomorphs are more susceptible to ________.
Correct Answer
lung infectionsExplanation
Ectomorphs are more susceptible to lung infections due to their body type. Ectomorphs typically have a lean and slender physique with a high metabolism. This body type is characterized by a lower percentage of body fat and less muscle mass. As a result, their immune system may be weaker, making them more vulnerable to infections, including those affecting the lungs. It is important for ectomorphs to take extra precautions to prevent respiratory illnesses and maintain their overall health.Rate this question:
- 12.
Endomorphs are more susceptible to ___________.
Correct Answer
heart diseaseExplanation
Endomorphs are more susceptible to heart disease because they tend to have a higher body fat percentage and a slower metabolism. This combination can lead to higher levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, increasing the risk of developing heart disease. Additionally, endomorphs often have a tendency to carry excess weight around the abdominal area, which is associated with a higher risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular conditions. Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the risk of heart disease in endomorphs.Rate this question:
- 13.
Every profession and science has the same language.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Each profession and science has its own language.Rate this question:
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- 14.
There are 10 kinds of anatomical branches/studies.
- A.
Yes
- B.
No
Correct Answer
B. NoExplanation
There are 5.Rate this question:
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- 15.
___________ the study of structures that cannot be seen with the unaided eye.
Correct Answer
microscopic anatomyExplanation
Microscopic anatomy refers to the study of structures that cannot be seen with the unaided eye. This branch of anatomy involves the examination of tissues, cells, and organs at a microscopic level using specialized instruments such as microscopes. By studying these structures, scientists and medical professionals gain a deeper understanding of the complex organization and function of the human body. Microscopic anatomy plays a crucial role in fields such as pathology, histology, and cell biology, allowing for the identification and diagnosis of diseases and abnormalities at a cellular level.Rate this question:
- 16.
_________ the study of organ systems.
Correct Answer
gross anatomy by systemsExplanation
Gross anatomy by systems refers to the study of organ systems in the human body. This approach involves examining the structures and functions of organs within specific systems, such as the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, or digestive system. It allows for a more focused and systematic understanding of how different organs work together to perform specific physiological functions. By studying gross anatomy by systems, researchers and healthcare professionals can gain valuable insights into the complex organization and interconnections of the human body.Rate this question:
- 17.
___________ considers anatomy in terms of regions such as the trunk, upper membrane, or the lower member.
Correct Answer
gross anatomy by regionsExplanation
Gross anatomy by regions is a perspective that focuses on studying the structure of the body by dividing it into specific regions, such as the trunk, upper extremities, or lower extremities. This approach allows for a systematic examination of the body's anatomy in a localized manner, making it easier to understand and analyze the different structures and their relationships within each region. By studying gross anatomy by regions, healthcare professionals and anatomists can gain a comprehensive understanding of the body's structure and function.Rate this question:
- 18.
________ studies the nervous system.
Correct Answer
neuroanatomyExplanation
Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system. It focuses on understanding the anatomy of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, as well as their connections and functions. By studying neuroanatomy, researchers and medical professionals can gain insights into how the nervous system is structured and how it works, which can help in diagnosing and treating neurological disorders and understanding brain function.Rate this question:
- 19.
__________ is the study of relationships between functions and structures.
Correct Answer
functional anatomyExplanation
Functional anatomy is the study of relationships between functions and structures. This field focuses on understanding how the different parts of an organism's body work together to perform specific functions. By examining the structure and organization of tissues, organs, and systems, functional anatomy seeks to uncover the underlying mechanisms that enable various physiological processes. This knowledge is crucial for understanding how the body functions as a whole and for diagnosing and treating medical conditions.Rate this question:
- 20.
Cells are made up of tissues. Tissues are made up of organs.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Tissues are made up of cells. Organs are made up of tissues.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Are the smallest living body construction.
- A.
Atoms
- B.
Cells
- C.
Sand
- D.
Electrons
- E.
Neutrons
Correct Answer
B. CellsExplanation
Cells are the smallest living body construction because they are the basic structural and functional units of all living organisms. They are responsible for carrying out essential life processes, such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Cells contain various organelles and molecules that work together to maintain the organism's homeostasis and enable it to perform its specific functions. Without cells, living organisms would not be able to exist or carry out vital biological processes.Rate this question:
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- 22.
A group of like cells working together.
- A.
Composite
- B.
Organ system
- C.
Fungi
- D.
Tissue
- E.
Bacteria
Correct Answer
D. TissueExplanation
Tissue is the correct answer because it refers to a group of like cells working together. Tissues are formed when similar cells come together to perform a specific function in the body. They can be found in various organs and structures throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 23.
A structure composed of several different tissues performing a function.
- A.
Tissue
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Cells
- D.
Lungs
- E.
Organ
Correct Answer
E. OrganExplanation
An organ is a structure composed of several different tissues performing a function. It is made up of cells and has a nucleus. The lungs are an example of an organ as they are composed of various tissues such as epithelial, connective, and muscle tissues, all working together to perform the function of respiration.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Groups of organs that together perform an overall function.
- A.
Organ systems
- B.
Body
- C.
Tissue
- D.
Group system
- E.
Team
Correct Answer
A. Organ systemsExplanation
Organ systems are groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function in the body. Each organ within a system has a specific role, and they collaborate to maintain homeostasis and carry out vital functions necessary for the body's survival. Examples of organ systems include the respiratory system, circulatory system, and digestive system. These systems work together to ensure the proper functioning of the body as a whole.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The smallest unit of life that can carry out all the functions of life is the __________.
Correct Answer
Cell, cellExplanation
In anatomy and physiology, the cell is considered the smallest unit of life that can perform all the essential functions of living organisms, including metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Cells are the building blocks of tissues and organs, and they work together to maintain the overall function of the body. Understanding the structure and function of cells is fundamental to the study of anatomy and physiology.Rate this question:
- 26.
The back and trunk regions include
- A.
The thorax
- B.
The abdomen
- C.
Thigh
- D.
Waist
- E.
The pelvis
Correct Answer(s)
A. The thorax
B. The abdomen
E. The pelvisExplanation
The back and trunk regions include the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis. The thorax refers to the chest area, which contains vital organs such as the heart and lungs. The abdomen is the region between the thorax and pelvis, housing organs like the stomach and intestines. The pelvis is the lower part of the trunk, consisting of the hip bones and supporting the reproductive organs and bladder. These regions collectively make up the back and trunk areas of the body.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What is the floor of the pelvis called?
- A.
Pelvic bone
- B.
Groin
- C.
Perineum
- D.
Pelvis floor
- E.
Loin
Correct Answer
C. PerineumExplanation
The perineum is the correct answer because it refers to the area between the anus and the external genitalia. It is the floor of the pelvis and supports the pelvic organs. The pelvic bone, groin, pelvis floor, and loin are not specific terms for the floor of the pelvis.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The upper member includes a shoulder, an arm, forearm, wrist, and hand.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because the upper member, which refers to the upper limb or arm, indeed includes a shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, and hand. These are the anatomical components that make up the upper limb, starting from the shoulder joint and extending all the way to the hand.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The lower member includes a hip, a finger, a leg, an ankle, and a mouth.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because the lower member does not include a finger or a mouth. The lower member typically refers to the lower part of the body, such as the hips, legs, and ankles, but not the fingers or the mouth.Rate this question:
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- 30.
An artificial posture of the human body and is used as the standard reference throughout the medical profession.
- A.
Upward position
- B.
Reference stance
- C.
Anatomy reference
- D.
Anatomical position
- E.
Erect position
Correct Answer
D. Anatomical positionExplanation
The anatomical position is a standardized reference posture used in the medical profession. It is an artificial posture of the human body that serves as a common reference point for describing the location and orientation of various body parts. In this position, the body is standing upright, facing forward, with the arms at the sides and the palms facing forward. This position allows for consistent and accurate communication among healthcare professionals when discussing the structure and function of the human body.Rate this question:
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- 31.
What is the standard anatomical position?
- A.
Head faces the side
- B.
The head faces forward
- C.
Body stands erect, heels pointed back
- D.
Arms overhead
- E.
Upper members are along the sides, with palms facing forward
Correct Answer(s)
B. The head faces forward
C. Body stands erect, heels pointed back
E. Upper members are along the sides, with palms facing forwardExplanation
The standard anatomical position refers to the body standing erect with the head facing forward, the body upright, and the heels together. The upper limbs are positioned along the sides of the body, with the palms facing forward. This position is used as a reference point for describing the location and orientation of various body structures.Rate this question:
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- 32.
__________ is the side of the body that is farther from the middle or center of the body.
Correct Answer(s)
lateral borderExplanation
The lateral border is the side of the body that is farther from the middle or center of the body.Rate this question:
- 33.
________ is the side of the body that is closer to the middle of the body.
Correct Answer(s)
medial borderExplanation
The medial border refers to the side of the body that is closer to the middle. In anatomical terms, "medial" means towards the midline of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is the medial border.Rate this question:
- 34.
___________ planes are parallel to the floor.
Correct Answer(s)
horizontal (transverse) planesExplanation
Horizontal (transverse) planes are parallel to the floor because they are positioned at a right angle to the vertical axis. These planes divide an object or space into upper and lower sections, with the upper section being above the plane and the lower section being below it. Since they are parallel to the floor, they can be used as reference points for measurements, alignments, or visualizations in various fields such as architecture, engineering, and anatomy.Rate this question:
- 35.
__________ are vertical planes that pass through the body from side to side.
Correct Answer(s)
frontal (coronal) planes , coronal , frontal, coronal planesExplanation
Frontal (coronal) planes are vertical planes that pass through the body from side to side. These planes divide the body into front and back portions. They are perpendicular to the sagittal planes, which divide the body into left and right portions. The frontal planes are commonly used in medical imaging and anatomy to visualize structures from a side view.Rate this question:
- 36.
Superior means
- A.
Above
- B.
Below
- C.
In front of
- D.
In the back of
- E.
Surface of
Correct Answer
A. AboveExplanation
Superior means "above". It refers to something that is higher in position, rank, or quality compared to something else. It implies a sense of being superior or better than something or someone else.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Inferior means
- A.
Above
- B.
Below
- C.
In front of
- D.
In back of
- E.
Beside
Correct Answer
B. BelowExplanation
The word "inferior" means being of lower quality, rank, or importance. It is the opposite of "above" and "in front of," which imply higher positions. Similarly, it is different from "beside," which suggests being at the same level. Therefore, the correct answer is "below," which signifies being at a lower position or rank.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Anterior (ventral) means
- A.
Back of
- B.
Beside
- C.
Below
- D.
Above
- E.
Front of
Correct Answer
E. Front ofExplanation
The term "anterior" refers to the front or forward-facing side of an object or organism. In anatomical terms, it is used to describe the position or direction that is towards the front of the body. Therefore, "front of" is the correct answer as it accurately represents the meaning of the term "anterior."Rate this question:
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- 39.
Posterior (dorsal) means
- A.
Side of
- B.
Front of
- C.
Above
- D.
Back of
- E.
Below
Correct Answer
D. Back ofExplanation
The term "posterior" refers to the back or rear side of something. It is the opposite of "anterior," which means the front or forward side. Therefore, when referring to the dorsal side of an organism or structure, it means the back or posterior side.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Superficial refers to
- A.
Closer to the head
- B.
Closer to the surface of the body
- C.
Closer to the center of the body
- D.
Closer to the feet
- E.
Closer to the heart
Correct Answer
B. Closer to the surface of the bodyExplanation
The term "superficial" refers to being closer to the surface of the body. This means that it is describing something that is located or occurring near the outermost layer of the body, rather than being deep or internal. It is used to indicate a position or location that is not deep within the body, but rather closer to the skin or outer layer.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Distal and proximal are terms applied specifically to the limbs.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement is true because the terms "distal" and "proximal" are indeed used to describe the location or position of body parts, particularly in the limbs. "Distal" refers to a body part that is further away from the point of attachment or origin, while "proximal" refers to a body part that is closer to the point of attachment or origin. These terms are commonly used in anatomy to accurately describe the relative positions of different structures within the limbs.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Proximal means
- A.
Farther from the heart
- B.
Nearer to the heart
- C.
Farther from the shoulder joint or the hip joint
- D.
Nearer to the center
- E.
Nearer to the abdomen
Correct Answer
D. Nearer to the centerExplanation
The term "proximal" refers to a location that is closer to a specific reference point.Therefore, the correct answer is "nearer to the center" This means that when describing the position of a body part, if it is closer to the shoulder joint or the hip joint, it is considered proximal.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Distal means
- A.
Closer to the thorax
- B.
Closer to the heart
- C.
At a distance from the center
- D.
Closer to the shoulder joint or the hip
- E.
Farther from the heart
Correct Answer
C. At a distance from the centerExplanation
The term "distal" refers to a position that is further away from center. It is used to describe a location that is farther from the point of reference. In this context, "distal" indicates a position that is not in close proximity to the center, but rather at a distance from it.Rate this question:
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- 44.
__________ is the only name that the international nomenclature for anatomy agreed to let be the name of a person.
Correct Answer
Achilles tendonExplanation
The international nomenclature for anatomy agreed to let the name "Achilles tendon" be the name of a person. This suggests that the name "Achilles tendon" is unique and specific to a person, possibly indicating that it is named after a person named Achilles who had a significant association with this particular tendon.Rate this question:
- 45.
_________ plays a central role in the cell. Information is stored here and distributed to guide the life processes of the cell.
Correct Answer
nucleusExplanation
The nucleus is the correct answer because it is the central organelle in a cell that stores genetic information in the form of DNA. It acts as the control center of the cell, regulating all of its activities and directing the synthesis of proteins necessary for cell function. The nucleus also plays a crucial role in cell division, as it is responsible for the replication and distribution of DNA during mitosis and meiosis. Overall, the nucleus is essential for the proper functioning and survival of a cell.Rate this question:
- 46.
_______ is where cell information is stored in chemical form.
Correct Answer
nucleic acidsExplanation
Nucleic acids are responsible for storing cell information in chemical form. DNA and RNA, which are types of nucleic acids, carry the genetic instructions that determine the characteristics and functions of living organisms. These molecules contain a sequence of nucleotides that encode the information needed for protein synthesis and other cellular processes. Through their chemical structure, nucleic acids provide a stable and reliable way to store and transmit genetic information within cells.Rate this question:
- 47.
Nucleic acids make up _____, which are whole sets of DNA, located in ____ within the nucleus.
Correct Answer
chromosomes and nucleoliExplanation
Chromosomes and nucleoli are both found in nucleic acids. Chromosomes are structures made up of DNA and proteins, and they contain the genetic information of an organism. Nucleoli, on the other hand, are small structures within the nucleus of a cell that are involved in the production of ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis. Both chromosomes and nucleoli play important roles in the functioning of cells and the transmission of genetic information.Rate this question:
- 48.
Chromosomes can only be seen during _______________.
Correct Answer
cell divisionsExplanation
During cell divisions, chromosomes become condensed and visible under a microscope. This is because cell divisions involve the replication and distribution of genetic material to daughter cells. Chromosomes are structures made up of DNA and proteins, and they carry the genetic information necessary for the development and functioning of an organism. Outside of cell divisions, chromosomes are not readily visible as they are in a more extended and less condensed form called chromatin.Rate this question:
- 49.
Chromosomes are composed of both ______ and _______. They contain the genes.
Correct Answer
nucleic acids, proteinExplanation
Chromosomes are composed of nucleic acids and protein. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, carry the genetic information in the form of genes. Proteins, on the other hand, provide structural support and help in the regulation of gene expression. Together, nucleic acids and proteins make up the structure of chromosomes and play a crucial role in the transmission and expression of genetic information.Rate this question:
- 50.
_________ are the heredity's basic units that are passed from parents to children, and they also guide the activities of each individual cell.
Correct Answer
genesExplanation
Genes are the heredity's basic units that are passed from parents to children, and they also guide the activities of each individual cell. Genes contain the instructions for building and maintaining an organism, determining its physical traits, and influencing its development and behavior. They are composed of DNA and are organized into specific sequences that code for proteins, which are the building blocks of cells. Genes play a crucial role in inheritance and are responsible for the transmission of traits from one generation to the next.Rate this question:
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