1.
WK 2: Marriage and Crime
Correct Answer(s)
A. More then Half of Canadians are not interested- been on decline (common law on incline)
B.
1) Society lacks money (economics) to spend on Marriege (30-50K average)
2) Shifts in attitudes: more canadians do not see the need for such formality
3) Women in Work force: as women make money- they depend less on men
C.
in glucs study- Marriage had protective factor in +50% of cases (67%)
D.
marriage effect helps MEN (87%) more then Women (55%)
E. Being married is more a protective factor then having a GF
Explanation
The correct answer suggests that more than half of Canadians are not interested in marriage and this disinterest has been on the decline, with common law relationships becoming more popular. This can be attributed to several factors:
1) Society lacking the financial resources to spend on marriage, as the average cost ranges from 30-50K.
2) Shifts in attitudes, where more Canadians do not see the need for the formality of marriage.
3) The increasing number of women in the workforce, leading to less dependence on men. Additionally, a study by Gluc found that marriage had a protective factor in over 50% of cases, with a higher effect on men (87%) compared to women (55%). Overall, being married is seen as a more protective factor than having a girlfriend.
2.
Influencing factors
Correct Answer(s)
A. 1) large family size: if by age of 10- has 5 siblings = 2X chance of crime
B. Birth order: Later childs more crime- as they have more peer influence
C. Child rearing methods: best is authoritative. A mix of supervision / parental discipline [strict / unstable cause bad behavior]
D.
Trauma theory: damage to the brain due to seperation stress
Life-course theory: continued negative exp + stress cause one to break inside = crime
Explanation
The answer explains that there are several influencing factors that can contribute to an increased chance of engaging in criminal behavior. These factors include having a large family size, with individuals who have 5 siblings by the age of 10 being twice as likely to commit crimes. Birth order also plays a role, with later-born children being more likely to engage in criminal behavior due to increased peer influence. The answer also mentions that authoritative child-rearing methods are considered the best, as a mix of supervision and parental discipline can help prevent bad behavior. Additionally, trauma theory suggests that damage to the brain due to separation stress can lead to criminal behavior, while life-course theory posits that continued negative experiences and stress can cause individuals to "break inside" and turn to crime.
3.
Crime is inter-generational
Correct Answer(s)
A. Similar risk factors- 70% stuck in same cycle
B. Parental effects: learned value from parents- if 2 parents in jail= Double negative odds
C. Sibling effect: 30% of males are caught offending with brother of close age
D. Genetics: may have APD or anger issues- shown by adopted studies
E. Offical bias against: X family is known- so treated in a different way
Explanation
The correct answer suggests that crime is inter-generational due to a combination of factors. Firstly, similar risk factors contribute to 70% of individuals being stuck in the same cycle of crime. Secondly, parental effects play a role, as individuals learn values from their parents, and if both parents are in jail, the odds of negative outcomes are doubled. Thirdly, the sibling effect is mentioned, with 30% of males being caught offending with a brother of a similar age. Additionally, genetics may contribute to individuals having antisocial personality disorder or anger issues, as shown by adopted studies. Lastly, there is official bias against certain families, leading to differential treatment based on reputation.
4.
Parental incarceration
Correct Answer(s)
A. In uS- 1/ 100 ppl are behind bars. 70% minorities- effect 2M kids a year
B. 75% of kids with jailed mother- father was criminally involved
C. 50% had contact with kids at least once a year- via visit or telepHone
D. Mothers:
80% had kids under 18, 50% were primary giver- 66% lacked job or HS education. A average income of 700$/ month- 66% of incarcerations linked to substance abuse.
E.
Fathers:
25% custodial- lived with kids vs 21% where none-custodial . 65% kids under 10 yrs old
Explanation
The given information highlights the impact of parental incarceration in the US. It states that 1 out of 100 people are behind bars, with 70% being minorities, affecting 2 million kids each year. It also mentions that 75% of kids with jailed mothers had fathers who were criminally involved. Additionally, 50% of these kids had contact with their parents at least once a year through visits or telephone calls. The information further provides statistics about mothers and fathers, such as 80% of jailed mothers having kids under 18, 50% being the primary caregiver, and 66% lacking job or high school education. The average income for these mothers is $700 per month, and 66% of incarcerations are linked to substance abuse. On the other hand, 25% of fathers are custodial and live with their kids, while 21% are non-custodial. Furthermore, 65% of the kids under 10 years old have jailed fathers.
5.
Private family visiting- if not violent crime, and good behavior, live in prison for 3 days with kids {maintain relationships)
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
This statement is true because it suggests that if a person is not involved in a violent crime and exhibits good behavior, they can be allowed to live in prison for three days with their children in order to maintain family relationships.
6.
Guest speaker - FEAT
Correct Answer(s)
A. Main program- provides kids a free chance to visit their incarcerated parents every weekend
B. Canada has less support for kids of incarcerated- then US
C. There are 107 risk factors the feat identified
D. After-school program: due to the lack of support to this kids, put them together, let them become friends and support eachother
Youth- Empowerment program: offer these kids tutors- to help ensure they stay in school
Explanation
The main program provides kids a free chance to visit their incarcerated parents every weekend. This is important because Canada has less support for kids of incarcerated parents compared to the US. Additionally, there are 107 risk factors that FEAT has identified, showing the need for support for these children. The after-school program aims to address the lack of support by bringing these kids together, allowing them to form friendships and support each other. The youth empowerment program offers tutors to help ensure that these kids stay in school.
7.
Due to the LACK private family housing- we need to provide more house arrest, halfway houses, and day programs to aid criminals to reintegrate back
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The given statement suggests that there is a lack of private family housing, which implies that individuals who are released from prison may not have stable housing options. To address this issue, the statement suggests the need for more house arrest, halfway houses, and day programs to assist criminals in reintegrating back into society. Therefore, the answer "True" indicates that the statement accurately reflects the need for additional support and resources for individuals transitioning from incarceration to the community.
8.
Birth order- effect on personality
Correct Answer(s)
A. 1st- Rules the house, but deals with expectations
B. Middle child- gets lost in sibling shuffle (no attention nor expectations)
C. Youngest- most attention- whine baby if cant keep up with oldest
D.
Twin studies showed that genetics is not important- most predicted crime was time played together, and common friends
Explanation
The answer explains the effects of birth order on personality. It states that the first-born child tends to rule the house but also has to deal with higher expectations. The middle child often gets lost in the shuffle and receives less attention and fewer expectations. The youngest child receives the most attention but may become a whine baby if they can't keep up with the oldest. Additionally, the answer mentions twin studies that showed genetics is not important in predicting crime, but rather factors like time spent together and common friends.
9.
Brother --> brother, is more influence, then sister --> sister
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The given statement suggests that brothers have more influence than sisters. This implies that brothers hold a higher level of authority or power within a family or society compared to sisters. Therefore, the statement is true.
10.
To reduce the chance of crime in at-risk families- target mothers with counseling to change the behavior of the oldest child- to prevent bad influences further
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The given statement suggests that targeting mothers with counseling can help reduce the chance of crime in at-risk families by focusing on changing the behavior of the oldest child. This approach aims to prevent bad influences from further affecting the child's behavior. By providing counseling to mothers, they can learn effective strategies to guide and influence their oldest child towards positive behaviors, ultimately reducing the risk of criminal activities.
11.
Stats
Correct Answer(s)
A. Aging WOMEN increases odds of divorce more then for men
... as married more likely kinds under 18= stay for child
B. 48% of common law divorced- will be more likely to divorce again
* Manitoba highest
*Quebec lowest
Explanation
The answer suggests that aging women have a higher likelihood of getting divorced compared to men. This could be due to various factors such as changing societal norms, increased financial independence of women, or differences in communication and relationship dynamics between men and women. Additionally, the answer mentions that couples with children under 18 are more likely to stay together for the sake of the child. The information about Manitoba having the highest divorce rate and Quebec having the lowest divorce rate is not directly related to the explanation provided.
12.
EFFECTS on INSTITUTION
Correct Answer(s)
A. Child hates parents- as less emotional support- more so if father [as if custody not allowed may adopt mother's opinion or anger of isolation]
*** only 10% of 800 post 15 yrs of kids thought divorce was good on contrast to parents (50-80%)
B.
Divorced fathers remarry more then divorced mothers
C.
Child becomes unstable- as stress to parents = hot --> cold relationships confuses the kid
D. Boys + mother become more hostile. then girls with mother that is divorced. Before marriage 'feel like going to get divorced' is 2X likely
*** step family does not help- 70--> 100X more likely to be harmed by step family.
Explanation
The correct answer suggests that a child may hate their parents due to less emotional support, especially if the father has custody and may adopt the mother's opinion or anger of isolation. This is supported by the fact that only 10% of children, compared to 50-80% of parents, think divorce is good. Additionally, divorced fathers are more likely to remarry than divorced mothers, causing instability and confusion for the child. Boys with divorced mothers become more hostile than girls, and there is a higher likelihood of feeling like getting divorced before marriage. Furthermore, step families are not helpful and can increase the likelihood of harm for the child.
13.
The child of divorced parents learned destructive patterns- this causes them to follow same patterns in own union. Also cant relate to other peers [to girls- boys, or dont feel desired= girls] or hostile towards adults.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The given statement suggests that children of divorced parents may learn destructive patterns from their parents' failed marriage, which can lead them to repeat the same patterns in their own relationships. Additionally, these children may have difficulty relating to their peers or may feel undesirable, particularly in the case of girls. They may also exhibit hostility towards adults. Therefore, the correct answer is true.
14.
Side effects include risky sexual behavior, multiple partners ( as less parental supervision post divorce)- 3X more likely as British study found. Likewise will try to flee house more often, and earlier age
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The given statement suggests that there is a correlation between divorce and certain negative behaviors in children. According to a British study, children from divorced families are three times more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior and have multiple partners, possibly due to decreased parental supervision. Additionally, these children may also exhibit a tendency to run away from home more frequently and at an earlier age. Therefore, the statement is true based on the evidence provided.
15.
EFFECTS on education
Correct Answer(s)
A. Separation between parents if custody causes child to move to new schools, or inconsistent schedule- grades drop, less pay and less education over whole
75% of women need welfare after divorce- as shown by great depression- 50% of them become in a poverty spell- the dependent on husband, get divorced have no job or money so screwed
B. Both boys are girls are equally likely to become criminals post a divorce
C. The child's life is reduced by 4 yrs if parents divorce before he is 21, will lead to drug abuse to cope. Step parents 2x likely to verbal abuse
D. The biggest predictor of delinquancy is PARENT-CHILD relationship
Explanation
The given answer suggests that the separation between parents due to custody arrangements can have negative effects on a child's education. This can be attributed to the child having to move to new schools, which can disrupt their academic progress. Additionally, an inconsistent schedule resulting from the separation can also contribute to a decline in grades. Furthermore, the answer implies that this can lead to long-term consequences such as lower pay and reduced education attainment throughout the child's life.
16.
•Rainbows Canada- non-profit org helping children and teens grieve and grow after loss
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Rainbows Canada is a non-profit organization that supports children and teenagers in dealing with grief and helping them to grow after experiencing a loss. This indicates that the statement is true, as Rainbows Canada's main objective is to provide assistance and support to young individuals during difficult times.