Judaism, Christianity, And Byzantium
Quiz yourself on origins of two major religions
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The Jewish holiday that celebrates the start of the new year in Jewish calendar is
- A.
Hanukkah
- B.
Passover
- C.
Rosh Hashanah
- D.
Yom Kippur
Correct Answer
C. Rosh HashanahExplanation
Rosh Hashanah is the Jewish holiday that celebrates the start of the new year in the Jewish calendar. It is considered one of the most important holidays in Judaism and is observed with prayer, synagogue services, and the sounding of the shofar (a ram's horn). Rosh Hashanah is a time for reflection, repentance, and renewal, and it marks the beginning of the Ten Days of Repentance leading up to Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement. Hanukkah, Passover, and Yom Kippur are also significant Jewish holidays, but they do not commemorate the start of the new year.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Who was Justinian?
- A.
Jesus's father
- B.
A Jewish rabbi
- C.
A Christian Missionary
- D.
A Roman Emperor
Correct Answer
D. A Roman EmperorExplanation
Justinian was a Roman Emperor. He ruled the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565 AD. He is known for his efforts to restore the Roman Empire's territories, his codification of Roman laws in the Corpus Juris Civilis, and his architectural achievements, such as the construction of the Hagia Sophia. Justinian's reign is considered a significant period in Roman history, as he left a lasting impact on the empire's legal system, culture, and architecture.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The Torah is the first part of
- A.
the Hebrew Bible
- B.
Justinian's Code
- C.
The Gospels
- D.
The New Testament
Correct Answer
A. the Hebrew BibleExplanation
The Torah is the first part of the Hebrew Bible, which is the sacred text of Judaism. It consists of the five books of Moses: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The Torah is considered the most important and foundational part of the Hebrew Bible, containing laws, commandments, and narratives that guide Jewish religious practice and belief. It is also recognized as a significant religious text by other Abrahamic religions such as Christianity and Islam.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Nearly everyone who lived in the Byzantine Empire was
- A.
Christian
- B.
Jewish
- C.
Greek
- D.
Muslim
Correct Answer
A. ChristianExplanation
The correct answer is Christian because the Byzantine Empire was predominantly Christian. The empire was established as the continuation of the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, and Christianity was the state religion. The Byzantine Empire played a crucial role in the development and spread of Christianity, with the emperor acting as the head of the Church. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that the majority of people living in the Byzantine Empire were Christians.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The Resurrection is the Christina Belief that Jesus rose from the dead and is celebrated as
- A.
Palm Sunday
- B.
Easter
- C.
Christmas
- D.
Hanukkah
Correct Answer
B. EasterExplanation
The correct answer is Easter because Easter is the Christian holiday that commemorates the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead. It is considered the most important and oldest festival of the Christian Church. The resurrection of Jesus is a central belief in Christianity and is celebrated on Easter Sunday, which falls on different dates each year. Palm Sunday is the Sunday before Easter and commemorates Jesus' entry into Jerusalem. Christmas celebrates the birth of Jesus, and Hanukkah is a Jewish holiday.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Christianity spread throughout the Roman Empire after
- A.
Riots against Justinian in Constantinople
- B.
The invasion of the Ottoman Turks
- C.
The conversion of Constantine
- D.
Different denominations were formed
Correct Answer
C. The conversion of ConstantineExplanation
The conversion of Constantine is the correct answer because it marked a significant turning point in the history of Christianity. Constantine, the Roman Emperor, converted to Christianity in the 4th century AD, making it the official religion of the Roman Empire. This led to the widespread acceptance and promotion of Christianity, as well as the construction of numerous churches and the end of persecution against Christians. Constantine's conversion played a crucial role in the expansion and establishment of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire.Rate this question:
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- 7.
During which Jewish holiday do Jews celebrate the Exodus from Egypt?
- A.
Hanukkah
- B.
Passover
- C.
Rosh Hashanah
- D.
Yom Kippur
Correct Answer
B. PassoverExplanation
Passover is the Jewish holiday during which Jews celebrate the Exodus from Egypt. It commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery and their journey to freedom. During Passover, Jews retell the story of the Exodus, eat symbolic foods like matzah, and participate in a special meal called the Seder. It is a significant holiday in the Jewish calendar and is observed with various traditions and rituals to remember and honor their ancestors' journey to freedom.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Jewish religious leaders/scholars are called
- A.
Rabbis
- B.
Priests
- C.
Bishops
- D.
Apostles
Correct Answer
A. RabbisExplanation
Jewish religious leaders and scholars are called rabbis. This term is specifically used within the Jewish faith to refer to individuals who are knowledgeable in Jewish law, teachings, and traditions. Rabbis play a significant role in guiding and teaching the Jewish community, leading religious services, and providing spiritual counsel. Unlike priests and bishops, who hold leadership positions in other religious traditions, rabbis are the primary authority figures within Judaism. The term "Apostles" refers to the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus in Christianity, and is not applicable to Jewish religious leaders.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What are the Gospels?
- A.
Jewish laws
- B.
Letters written by Jewish missionaries
- C.
Trade centers in the Byzantine Empire
- D.
Accounts of Jesus' s life and teachings
Correct Answer
D. Accounts of Jesus' s life and teachingsExplanation
The Gospels are accounts of Jesus' life and teachings. They are not Jewish laws, letters written by Jewish missionaries, or trade centers in the Byzantine Empire. The Gospels specifically focus on documenting the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. They provide a detailed narrative of his teachings, miracles, and interactions with various individuals. These accounts are considered sacred texts by Christians and are found in the New Testament of the Bible.Rate this question:
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- 10.
According to the Bible, Jesus was born in
- A.
Constantinople
- B.
Bethlehem
- C.
Damascus
- D.
Rome
Correct Answer
B. BethlehemExplanation
According to the Bible, Jesus was born in Bethlehem. This is stated in the New Testament in the book of Luke, where it is mentioned that Mary and Joseph traveled to Bethlehem for a census and Jesus was born there. Bethlehem is considered to be the birthplace of Jesus and is an important site for Christians around the world.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Byzantine Society was influenced by merchans from Asia, Africa, and Europe.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The Byzantine Society was indeed influenced by merchants from Asia, Africa, and Europe. The Byzantine Empire was strategically located at the crossroads of these three continents, making it a hub for trade and cultural exchange. Merchants from various regions brought with them goods, ideas, and customs, which greatly impacted the society and economy of Byzantium. This influence can be seen in the art, architecture, language, and even religious practices of the Byzantine Empire. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Central ideas/beliefs of Judaism include jstice, righteousness, and law.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The central ideas and beliefs of Judaism indeed include justice, righteousness, and law. These principles are fundamental to the teachings and practices of Judaism. Justice refers to the fair treatment of all individuals, righteousness emphasizes moral and ethical behavior, and law represents the adherence to religious laws and commandments. These core concepts shape the religious and ethical framework of Judaism, making the statement true.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The Roman emperors in the east were powerful leaders but they had no power over the church.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because the Roman emperors in the east did have power over the church. In the Byzantine Empire, the emperors held authority over both the secular and religious aspects of society. They appointed and controlled the highest positions within the church, such as the Patriarch of Constantinople. The emperors also had the power to convene church councils and influence religious doctrine. This close relationship between the state and the church in the Byzantine Empire is known as caesaropapism.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What was Jesus's message to people
- A.
Fear God
- B.
have love and Compassion for others
- C.
Sin is unforgiveable
Correct Answer
B. have love and Compassion for othersExplanation
The correct answer is "have love and Compassion for others." This is because Jesus's message to people was centered around the principles of love, compassion, and kindness towards others. He emphasized the importance of treating others with empathy and helping those in need. Jesus taught his followers to love their neighbors as themselves and to show compassion towards the poor, the sick, and the marginalized. This message of love and compassion is a central theme in the teachings of Jesus and is often referred to as the Golden Rule.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Good Friday commemorates
- A.
Jesus entering the city of Jerusalem
- B.
Jesus's birthday
- C.
Jesus' suffering on the cross
Correct Answer
C. Jesus' suffering on the crossExplanation
Good Friday commemorates Jesus' suffering on the cross. This day is observed by Christians around the world to remember the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and his ultimate sacrifice for humanity's sins. It is a solemn and significant day in the Christian calendar, marking the culmination of Jesus' earthly ministry and his crucifixion, which is believed to have taken place on a Friday. Good Friday serves as a time for reflection, repentance, and gratitude for the immense love and sacrifice demonstrated by Jesus on the cross.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Sabbath is
- A.
Holy day of rest for Jews
- B.
Fasting day
- C.
Holy day of rest for Muslims
Correct Answer
A. Holy day of rest for JewsExplanation
The correct answer is "Holy day of rest for Jews." The Sabbath is a day of rest and worship in Judaism, observed from Friday evening to Saturday evening. It is considered a holy day and is a time for Jews to cease work and engage in spiritual activities, such as attending synagogue services, studying religious texts, and spending time with family. Fasting is not specifically associated with the Sabbath in Judaism, and it is not considered a holy day of rest for Muslims.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Another word for Eucharist is
- A.
Baptism
- B.
Holy Communion
- C.
Gospels
Correct Answer
B. Holy CommunionExplanation
The Eucharist is a Christian sacrament that commemorates the Last Supper, in which Jesus Christ shared bread and wine with his disciples. Holy Communion is another term used to refer to the Eucharist, as it emphasizes the act of receiving the consecrated bread and wine as a means of uniting with Christ and fellow believers. Baptism, on the other hand, is a separate sacrament that symbolizes initiation into the Christian faith, while the Gospels are the four books in the New Testament that recount the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Holy Communion is when
- A.
Christians take bread and wine to commemorate Jesus' last supper
- B.
Christians get dunked in holy water to to be reborn
- C.
Jews fast for 40 days
Correct Answer
A. Christians take bread and wine to commemorate Jesus' last supperExplanation
Christians take bread and wine to commemorate Jesus' last supper. This practice, known as Holy Communion or the Eucharist, is a sacrament in Christianity. It symbolizes the body and blood of Jesus Christ and is seen as a way for believers to remember and participate in the sacrifice that Jesus made for their sins. The bread represents his body, and the wine represents his blood. By partaking in this ritual, Christians express their faith and seek spiritual nourishment and unity with Christ and other believers.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What country is Constantinople (now Istanbul) located?
- A.
Egypt
- B.
Iraq
- C.
Turkey
- D.
Italy
Correct Answer
C. TurkeyExplanation
Constantinople, now known as Istanbul, is located in Turkey. It was the capital of the Byzantine Empire and later the Ottoman Empire. The city has a rich history and is known for its cultural and historical significance. Today, Istanbul is a major economic and cultural hub in Turkey.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What are the Ten Commandments?
- A.
A set of moral laws that was given to Moses by God
- B.
Worship of only one God
- C.
The Hebrew's religion
Correct Answer
A. A set of moral laws that was given to Moses by GodExplanation
The Ten Commandments are a set of moral laws that were given to Moses by God. These commandments serve as guidelines for ethical behavior and were given to the Hebrews as part of their religious beliefs. They emphasize the worship of only one God and provide instructions on how to live a righteous and just life. The commandments cover various aspects of human behavior, including honoring parents, not stealing or murdering, and not coveting what belongs to others. They are considered a fundamental part of religious and moral teachings in many cultures and religions.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What are Nomads?
- A.
Agreement between God and his people
- B.
Ancient city in Mesopotamia
- C.
People who move often from place to place
Correct Answer
C. People who move often from place to placeExplanation
Nomads are people who move often from place to place. They do not have a permanent settlement and instead travel in search of resources such as food, water, and shelter. This lifestyle is commonly practiced by certain indigenous communities and is often influenced by factors such as climate, availability of resources, and cultural traditions. Nomadic societies have existed throughout history and continue to exist in various parts of the world today.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Mosaics are
- A.
Pictures made with chalk
- B.
Pictures made with pieces of colored stone or glass
- C.
Pictures made with watercolor paint
Correct Answer
B. Pictures made with pieces of colored stone or glassExplanation
Mosaics are pictures made by arranging small pieces of colored stone or glass to create a larger image. This technique has been used for centuries to create intricate and decorative designs. The use of stone or glass allows for a wide range of colors and textures, resulting in visually stunning and durable artwork.Rate this question:
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- 23.
A saint is a person known for his or her holiness
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A saint is commonly understood to be a person who is recognized for their exceptional holiness and devotion to their faith. They are often regarded as role models and examples of virtuous living. This answer is correct because it accurately states that a saint is indeed a person known for their holiness.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The main sacred text of Christianity is
Correct Answer
the Bible
BibleExplanation
The main sacred text of Christianity is the Bible. The Bible is a collection of religious texts that include the Old Testament and the New Testament. It is considered the word of God by Christians and serves as a guide for their faith and practice. The Old Testament contains the religious writings of ancient Israel, while the New Testament focuses on the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The Bible is highly revered and studied by Christians worldwide.Rate this question:
- 25.
Justinian's wife was important in the ruling of the Empire and her name was
Correct Answer
TheodoraExplanation
Theodora was important in the ruling of the Empire as Justinian's wife. She was an influential and powerful figure who played a significant role in shaping the policies and decisions of the Byzantine Empire. Theodora was known for her intelligence, political acumen, and strong personality. She actively participated in political affairs, advised Justinian, and even made independent decisions. Her influence was particularly evident in matters related to social and religious policies, where she championed the rights of women and the poor. Theodora's impact on the Empire's governance and her partnership with Justinian made her an indispensable figure in the ruling of the Byzantine Empire.Rate this question:
- 26.
Historians believe that Romans followed their Emperor Constantine to the new Christian Capital of Constantinople, therefore insisting that ROME...it just moved.
Correct Answer
did not fallExplanation
The statement suggests that historians believe Rome did not fall because the Romans followed their Emperor Constantine to the new Christian capital of Constantinople. This implies that although the political and administrative center of the Roman Empire shifted, the Roman civilization and its influence continued to thrive in the new capital. Therefore, it can be inferred that Rome did not fall but rather underwent a transformation and relocation.Rate this question:
- 27.
The ________ is located in Jerusalem and is important to Jews becasue the beleive the Messiah will return here.
Correct Answer
wailing wallExplanation
The Wailing Wall, also known as the Western Wall, is located in Jerusalem and holds significant importance to Jews. They believe that the Messiah will return to this site, making it a sacred place for prayer and reflection. The wall is the last remaining structure of the Second Temple and is considered a symbol of Jewish faith and national identity. Many Jews visit the Wailing Wall to pray, place written prayers in its crevices, and seek spiritual connection.Rate this question:
- 28.
In the Western Roman Empire ______ and _______ led the church, and the emperor led the government
Correct Answer
Popes and Bishops
Bishops and PopesExplanation
During the time of the Western Roman Empire, the church and government were closely intertwined. The correct answer indicates that both Popes and Bishops played a role in leading the church, while the government was led by the emperor. This suggests a division of power and authority between religious and political leaders, with the Popes having a higher position than the Bishops in the church hierarchy.Rate this question:
- 29.
In the Byzantine Empire __________ led the church and government.
Correct Answer
emperorsExplanation
In the Byzantine Empire, emperors held authority over both the church and the government. They were the supreme rulers and had control over religious and political affairs. This centralized power allowed emperors to exert influence over the church and make important decisions regarding the governance of the empire. The emperors' role as the leaders of both the church and government demonstrated their significant role in shaping the Byzantine Empire's policies and maintaining control over its institutions.Rate this question:
- 30.
In the Western Roman Empire, ______ was the main language.
Correct Answer
latinExplanation
In the Western Roman Empire, Latin was the main language. Latin was the official language of the Roman Empire and was widely spoken by the educated and ruling classes. It was used for administration, law, and literature. Latin also had a significant influence on the development of Romance languages such as Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romanian. The use of Latin declined with the fall of the Western Roman Empire, but it continued to be used in the Catholic Church and remained an important language in academia and scientific fields.Rate this question:
- 31.
In the Byzantine Empire, _________ was the main Language.
Correct Answer
greekExplanation
The Byzantine Empire was predominantly Greek-speaking, with Greek being the main language used for administration, literature, and everyday communication. The empire inherited the Greek language from its predecessor, the Eastern Roman Empire, and it continued to be the primary language throughout its existence. Greek culture and language played a significant role in shaping the Byzantine Empire's identity and influence, making Greek the logical choice for the main language of the empire.Rate this question:
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