1.
Alin sa mga sumusunod ang HINDI naging epekto ng walang tigil na iringan sa pagitan ng Simbahang Katoliko at Protestante?
Correct Answer
D. Sa kadahilanang maraming turo ng Simbahang Katoliko hinggil sa mga suliraning panrelihiyon na kanilang hinarap upang muling mapanumbalik ang dating tiwala ng mga tagasunod nito at pagbutihin ang pananampalatayang Katoliko.
Explanation
The continuous conflict between the Catholic Church and Protestants did not result in the restoration of trust and improvement of the Catholic faith.
2.
Alin ang tamang pagkakasunod-sunod ng mga pangyayari?
I. Schism sa Simbahang Katoliko
II. Pagtawag ni Pope Paul III sa Council of Trent
III. Pagpaskil ni Martin Luther ng Ninety Five Theses sa pinto ng Wittenberg Church
Correct Answer
C. III-I-II
Explanation
Martin Luther's posting of the Ninety-Five Theses on the door of the Wittenberg Church was the trigger for the Protestant Reformation, leading to a schism in the Catholic Church. This event happened first. Pope Paul III then called for the Council of Trent in response to the growing divisions within the Church. Therefore, the correct sequence of events is III-I-II.
3.
Alin sa sumusunod na mga pangungusap ang kumakatawan sa pahayag na “The end justifies the means”?
Correct Answer
A. Anuman ang pamamaraan ng pinuno ay katanggap-tanggap kung mabuti ang kaniyang hangarin.
Explanation
The given answer states that any method used by a leader is acceptable as long as their intentions are good. This aligns with the statement "The end justifies the means," which suggests that the morality or ethicality of an action is determined by its outcome or goal. As long as the leader's intentions are good, the means or methods they use to achieve their goals are justified.
4.
Bakit itinuturing na batik sa kasaysayan ng Simbahang Katoliko ang Inquisition?
Correct Answer
B. Ang mga kalupitang ginawa ng Inquisition ay humantong sa maraming kalagayan ng walang sala.
Explanation
The Inquisition is considered a significant event in the history of the Catholic Church because of the cruelty and injustices it inflicted on many innocent people. The actions of the Inquisition led to numerous cases of wrongful accusations and unjust punishments, causing widespread suffering. This event highlighted the abuse of power within the Catholic Church and the disregard for human rights. Therefore, it is recognized as a dark chapter in the history of the Catholic Church.
5.
Ano ang kontribusyon ng sistemang merkantilismo sa Europe?
Correct Answer
B. Naging batayan ito ng kapangyarihan ng mga bansa sa Europe.
Explanation
The correct answer is "Naging batayan ito ng kapangyarihan ng mga bansa sa Europe." This is because the system of mercantilism allowed European countries to accumulate wealth and power through the establishment of colonies, the exploitation of resources, and the promotion of trade. This economic system enabled countries to amass wealth, build strong navies, and expand their territories, which in turn contributed to their overall power and dominance in Europe.
6.
Ang Renaissance ay nagmula sa Italy. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang HINDI nagpapaliwanag kung bakit ito nagsimula sa Italy?
Correct Answer
C. Ang Italya ay kontrolado ng Papa sa Roma.
Explanation
Ang Italya ay kontrolado ng Papa sa Roma ay hindi nagpapaliwanag kung bakit ang Renaissance ay nagsimula sa Italya.
7.
Maraming makabagong ideya at imbensyon ang nabuo noong Rebolusyong Siyentipiko. Binago ng panahong ito ang pagtingin ng tao sa sansinukob. Alin sa sumusunod ang pinakamahalagang ambag ng Rebolusyong Siyentipiko sa mga Kanluranin?
Correct Answer
D. Naging pangunahing dahilan ito ng kamalayan ng mga Kanluranin.
Explanation
The Scientific Revolution brought about many new ideas and inventions that changed people's perception of the universe. It led to the development of scientific schools in Europe and a significant change in the way Westerners viewed the cosmos. This newfound awareness and understanding of the natural world became the primary reason for the enlightenment of Westerners.
8.
Alin sa mga sumusunod na mga pahayag ang HINDI kabilang sa paniniwalang Machiavellian?
Correct Answer
C. Ipamahagi ang kapangyarihan sa ibang makakatulong para sa pag-unlad.
Explanation
The statement "Ipamahagi ang kapangyarihan sa ibang makakatulong para sa pag-unlad" is not part of Machiavellian belief because Machiavelli believed in the concentration of power in the hands of the ruler. He argued that a ruler should maintain absolute control and not share power with others, as it could lead to instability and hinder progress.
9.
Sino ang tinaguriang “Ama ng Protestanteng HImagsikan”?
Correct Answer
C. Martin Luther
Explanation
Martin Luther is known as the "Father of the Protestant Reformation" and is often referred to as the "Ama ng Protestanteng Himagsikan" in Filipino. He was a German theologian and monk who challenged the practices and doctrines of the Catholic Church in the 16th century. Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, which criticized the sale of indulgences and other corrupt practices, sparked a movement that led to the formation of Protestantism. His actions and teachings had a profound impact on the religious and political landscape of Europe, making him a central figure in the Protestant Reformation.
10.
Alin sa mga sumusunod ang naging pangunahing resulta nang hindi pabulaanan ni Martin Luther ang kanyang aral ng Protestantismo?
Correct Answer
D. Binansagan siyang “erehe” ng Simbahang Katoliko.
Explanation
Martin Luther was labeled as a heretic by the Catholic Church because of his teachings on Protestantism. This labeling by the Catholic Church was a significant result of Luther not being able to be refuted, as it demonstrated the Church's disapproval and rejection of his ideas.
11.
Alin sa mga sumusunod ang HINDI naging sentro ng kalakalan sa Europa?
Correct Answer
D. Paris
Explanation
Paris is the correct answer because it did not become a center of trade and commerce in Europe. While Venice, Genoa, and Florence were all important trading cities during the medieval and Renaissance periods, Paris was primarily known as a political and cultural center. It did not have the same level of economic activity and influence as the other cities mentioned.
12.
Anong kasunduan ang binuo para maging maliwanag ang gagawing paghahati sa kanilang eksplorasyon ng Portugal at Spain?
Correct Answer
C. Treaty of Tordesillas
Explanation
The Treaty of Tordesillas was created to establish clear boundaries for the exploration of Portugal and Spain. This treaty was signed in 1494 and divided the newly discovered lands outside of Europe between the two countries. It aimed to prevent conflicts between Portugal and Spain by establishing a line of demarcation, which gave Portugal control over the lands to the east of the line and Spain control over the lands to the west of the line. This treaty played a significant role in shaping the colonial territories of both countries in the Americas.
13.
Ang mga produktong ito ay naging mataas ang pangangailangan sa Europa maliban sa isa. Alin ito?
Correct Answer
D. Patatas
Explanation
The products mentioned in the question have high demand in Europe except for one. The correct answer is "Patatas" because it is the only product among the options that does not have high demand in Europe.
14.
Tinagurian siyang “Admiral of the Ocean Sea” at Viceroy/Gobernandor ng mga islang kanyang nadiskubre para sa kaharian ng Espanya?
Correct Answer
B. ChristopHer Columbus
Explanation
Christopher Columbus was given the title "Admiral of the Ocean Sea" and appointed as the Viceroy/Governor of the islands he discovered for the Kingdom of Spain. This title and position were bestowed upon him in recognition of his exploration and discovery of new lands, particularly in the Americas.
15.
Anong implikasyon ng heograpiya ng Italy sa ekonomiya nito?
Correct Answer
C. Bukas ang iba’t ibang ruta nito sa kalakalan.
Explanation
The implication of Italy's geography on its economy is that it has open and various routes for trade. This suggests that Italy has favorable access to different markets, allowing for the easy movement of goods and services. This geographical advantage contributes to the country's economic growth and development.
16.
Sinong nagpasimula ng pagtatayo ng paaralan para sa magiging mahusay na mandaragat sa hinaharap at inanyayahan ang mga mahuhusay na tagagawa ng mapa, matematisyan at astronomer upang mag-aral ukol sa nabigasyon?
Correct Answer
B. Henry the Navigator
Explanation
Henry the Navigator is the correct answer because he was the one who initiated the establishment of a school for future navigators and invited skilled mapmakers, mathematicians, and astronomers to study navigation. He was a Portuguese prince who played a significant role in promoting exploration and navigation during the 15th century.
17.
Kumpletuhin ang analohiya. Desiderius Erasmus : In Praise of Folly ; Giovanni Boccaccio : __________
Correct Answer
B. Decameron
Explanation
The given analogy is Desiderius Erasmus is to "In Praise of Folly" as Giovanni Boccaccio is to "Decameron". Both "In Praise of Folly" and "Decameron" are famous works of literature written during the Renaissance period. They are both satirical in nature and provide social commentary. Therefore, the correct answer is "Decameron".
18.
Kumpletuhin ang analohiya. Michelangelo Buonarotti : Sistine Chapel ; __________ : Sistine Madonna
Correct Answer
D. RapHael Santi
Explanation
The correct answer is Raphael Santi. The analogy is based on the relationship between the artist and their famous artwork. Michelangelo Buonarotti is known for painting the Sistine Chapel, while Raphael Santi is known for painting the Sistine Madonna.
19.
I. Ang humanismo ay kilusang kultural na nagsimula sa Italya at lumaganap sa kabuuan ng Europa.
II. Isa sa pinamahalagang salik sa paglaganap ng kilusang kultural ay ang pagkakaimbento ng “movable press” ni Johannes Gutenberg.
Correct Answer
D. Tama ang ikalawang pangungusap.
Explanation
The second statement is correct because one of the important factors in the spread of the cultural movement was the invention of the "movable press" by Johannes Gutenberg. This invention revolutionized the printing industry and made it easier and more efficient to produce books and other printed materials. The movable press allowed for the mass production of books, which in turn facilitated the spread of ideas and knowledge during the cultural movement.
20.
I. Bago pa man nabuhay si Martin Luther ay maraming repormista ang nabuhay upang hamunin ang katuruan at kapangyarihan ng Simbahang Katoliko.
II. Isa sa mga katuruang humamon sa Simbahan ang paniniwalang ang personal na relasyon ng tao sa Diyos ang makapagliligtas, hindi ang Simbahang sinasabing may hawak ng susi sa kalangitan.
Correct Answer
D. Tama ang ikalawang pangungusap.
Explanation
The second sentence states that one of the teachings that challenged the Church is the belief that personal relationship with God is what saves a person, not the Church. This aligns with the beliefs of Martin Luther and other reformists who advocated for individual faith and direct connection with God, rather than relying solely on the authority of the Catholic Church. Therefore, the second sentence is correct.
21.
I. Kung ihahambing ang mabuti at masamang epekto ng pananakop, nakahihigit ang kabutihang idinulot nito sa daigdig.
II. Sapagkat maraming alipin ang nakuha mula sa Africa at nakatulong sa pagtatanim sa ilang bahagi ng America at Asia.
Correct Answer
A. Tama ang una at ikalawang pangungusap.
Explanation
The first statement states that the benefits brought about by colonization outweigh the negative effects it had on the world. The second statement supports this by stating that many slaves were taken from Africa and helped in the cultivation of certain parts of America and Asia. Therefore, both statements provide evidence that colonization had positive impacts, making the answer "Tama ang una at ikalawang pangungusap" (The first and second statements are correct).
22.
I. Isa sa mga epekto ng unang yugto ng kolonisasyon ay napukaw nito ang interes sa mga bagong pamamaraan at teknolohoya sa heograpiya at paglalayag.
II. Isa sa mga epekto ng unang yugto ng kolonisasyon ay nagkaroon ng pagbabago sa ecosystem sa daigdig na nagresulta sa pagpapalitan ng hayop.
Correct Answer
A. Tama ang una at ikalawang pangungusap.
Explanation
The first statement explains that one of the effects of the first stage of colonization is that it sparked interest in new methods and technology in geography and navigation. The second statement states that one of the effects of the first stage of colonization is the change in the ecosystem, resulting in the exchange of animals. Both statements highlight different effects of the first stage of colonization, making the answer "Tama ang una at ikalawang pangungusap" (The first and second statements are correct) correct.
23.
I. Ginamit ni Thomas Hobbes ang ideya ng natural law upang isulong ang paniniwala na ang absolutong monarkiya ang pinakamahusay na uri ng pamahalaan.
II. Ayon kay John Locke, ang tao sa kanyang natural na kalikasan ay may karapatang mangatwiran, may mataas na moral at mayroong mga natural na karapatan ukol sa buhay, kalayaan at pag-aari.
Correct Answer
A. Tama ang una at ikalawang pangungusap.
Explanation
Both statements are correct. The first statement states that Thomas Hobbes used the idea of natural law to advocate for absolute monarchy as the best form of government. The second statement states that according to John Locke, individuals in their natural state have the right to reason, possess high morals, and have natural rights to life, liberty, and property.
24.
I. Ang protectorate ay pagbibigay sa kolonya ng proteksyon laban sa paglusob ng ibang bansa.
II. Concession naman ang tawag sa isang lugar o maliit na bahagi ng bansa kung saan kontrolado ang pamahalaan at politika ng makapangyarihang bansa.
Correct Answer
C. Tama ang unang pangungusap.
Explanation
The first statement correctly states that a protectorate is the giving of protection to a colony against the invasion of other countries. This means that a more powerful country provides military or political support to a weaker country in order to protect it from external threats. The second statement, on the other hand, describes a concession, which refers to a small area or part of a country where the government and politics are controlled by a more powerful nation. Therefore, the correct answer is that the first statement is true.
25.
I. Si Alexander Graham Bell ang nagpakilala ng lakas ng elektrisidad na nakatulong sa buong komunidad na patakbuhin ang mga makabago nilang kasangkapan.
II. Si Samuel Morse naman ang nagpakilala ng telegrapo na nakatulong sa pagpapadala ng mensahe sa mga kakilala, kaibigan at kamag-anakan sa ibang lugar.
Correct Answer
D. Tama ang ikalawang pangungusap.
Explanation
The second statement is correct because it states that Samuel Morse introduced the telegraph, which helped in sending messages to acquaintances, friends, and relatives in other places. This is a factual statement about Samuel Morse's contribution to communication technology.