1.
The argument over whether abortion is an option for women facing difficult pregnancies is a(n)
Correct Answer
A. Moral dilemma
Explanation
The question asks about the argument over whether abortion is an option for women facing difficult pregnancies. The term "moral dilemma" refers to a situation where there are conflicting moral values or principles. In this context, the argument over abortion involves conflicting moral beliefs and values, making it a moral dilemma. It is not solely a cultural issue, ethical issue, or bioethical issue, as it involves complex moral considerations and personal beliefs.
2.
Andrea knows that her employer has filed false insurance claims becuase he has asked her to add charges for procedures not performed on patients. If she discusses the matter confidentially with a fellow health care provider whom she trusts and asks for advice, which approach to a bioethical dilemma is she using
Correct Answer
C. Communication
Explanation
Andrea is using the approach of communication to address the bioethical dilemma she is facing. By discussing the matter confidentially with a fellow healthcare provider whom she trusts and asking for advice, she is seeking to share information and exchange ideas in order to gain insight and guidance on how to handle the situation. Communication is an important aspect in resolving ethical dilemmas as it allows for the sharing of perspectives, knowledge, and possible solutions.
3.
Andrea has been told by no fewer than three patients that they have received notice from their insurance companies. these notices stated that claims were filed from the office for service dates on which the patients are sure they did not visit the physician. andrea is concerned and decides to investigate the patient charts. which approach to a bioethical dilemma is she using
Correct Answer
B. Information
Explanation
Andrea is using the approach of information in this bioethical dilemma. She is concerned about the discrepancy between what the patients claim and the claims filed from her office. To address this concern, she decides to investigate the patient charts, which involves gathering and analyzing information from the records to determine the truth behind the claims. This approach prioritizes the use of accurate and reliable information to make informed decisions and resolve ethical dilemmas.
4.
A health care professional has been asked to enter a notation in a patient's chart that is not factual. if the professional feels that she cannot discuss the situation with anyone, wha t approach to a bioethical dilemma can she take
Correct Answer
D. Choice
Explanation
In this scenario, the health care professional is faced with a bioethical dilemma of entering a non-factual notation in a patient's chart. The correct approach to this dilemma is "choice". This means that the professional can choose not to enter the non-factual notation, as it goes against their ethical values. They have the autonomy to make this decision without discussing it with anyone if they feel uncomfortable doing so. This approach prioritizes the professional's integrity and commitment to providing accurate and honest care to the patient.
5.
Patients have a right to make decisions regarding their health care. this is reflected int he principle of respect for
Correct Answer
A. Autonomy
Explanation
Autonomy refers to the principle that patients have the right to make decisions about their own healthcare. It reflects the idea that individuals should have control over their own bodies and be able to make choices that align with their personal values and beliefs. This principle emphasizes the importance of informed consent and respecting the patient's wishes, even if healthcare providers may disagree with the decision. Autonomy is a fundamental aspect of patient-centered care and promotes a collaborative and respectful relationship between healthcare providers and patients.
6.
Which of the follwoing issues would not be considered a moral dilemma
Correct Answer
B. Females not receiving an education
Explanation
The issue of females not receiving an education would not be considered a moral dilemma because it is a violation of human rights and equality, rather than a situation that presents conflicting moral principles or values. While it is certainly a significant social issue, it does not involve the same ethical complexities and conflicting moral perspectives as the other options listed.
7.
Susan has been asked by a patient to not discuss some private information about her symptoms with her physician. In making a dicision, what should be susan's primary concern
Correct Answer
B. Whether the patient will be helped by not revealing the information
Explanation
Susan's primary concern should be whether the patient will be helped by not revealing the information. This is because Susan's duty as a healthcare professional is to prioritize the well-being and best interests of the patient. By respecting the patient's request for privacy, Susan is ensuring that the patient feels comfortable and trusts in their relationship. Ultimately, the goal is to provide the best possible care and support to the patient, and this should guide Susan's decision-making process.
8.
The principle of doing no harm is called
Correct Answer
C. Nonmaleficence
Explanation
The principle of doing no harm is called nonmaleficence. This principle is based on the ethical obligation of healthcare professionals to avoid causing harm to their patients. It emphasizes the importance of preventing harm and minimizing risks in medical practice. Nonmaleficence requires healthcare providers to weigh the potential benefits and risks of any intervention or treatment, ensuring that the potential harm to the patient is minimized. This principle is closely related to the concept of beneficence, which focuses on promoting the well-being and best interests of the patient. However, nonmaleficence specifically highlights the importance of avoiding harm.
9.
Many helath care professionals face a bioethical issue
Correct Answer
A. Daily
Explanation
The word "daily" is the correct answer because it indicates that healthcare professionals face bioethical issues on a daily basis. This suggests that these issues are a regular and ongoing part of their work, rather than occurring less frequently such as weekly, monthly, or annually.
10.
If tere is one heart available for transplant and health care professionals must make the decision as to who gets the heart, which bioethical principle is involved
Correct Answer
D. Justice
Explanation
The bioethical principle involved in the given scenario is justice. Justice refers to the fair and equitable distribution of resources, in this case, the heart available for transplant. Health care professionals must make a decision based on criteria such as medical need, urgency, and likelihood of success, ensuring that the heart is allocated to the most deserving recipient. This principle ensures that the decision-making process is unbiased and that everyone has an equal opportunity to receive the transplant based on their medical condition.
11.
The reason that most people enter the health care field is grounded in the principle of
Correct Answer
C. Beneficence
Explanation
Most people enter the healthcare field because they are motivated by the principle of beneficence, which refers to the act of doing good and promoting the well-being of others. Healthcare professionals strive to provide care and treatment that will benefit their patients, alleviate suffering, and improve their overall health. This principle guides their decision-making and actions, ensuring that they prioritize the best interests of their patients and work towards their overall welfare.
12.
Actions that show respect for human dignity, such as being honest and putting the patient first, reflect which of the follwoing principles
Correct Answer
A. Integrity
Explanation
Integrity refers to the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles. Actions that show respect for human dignity, such as being honest and putting the patient first, align with the principle of integrity. This means that individuals who prioritize honesty and prioritize the well-being and dignity of the patient are demonstrating integrity in their actions.
13.
What is the first step in resolving an ethical dilemma
Correct Answer
D. Identifying the problem or dilemma
Explanation
The first step in resolving an ethical dilemma is identifying the problem or dilemma. This involves recognizing and understanding the ethical issue at hand, as well as the conflicting values or principles involved. By clearly identifying the problem or dilemma, individuals can then proceed to analyze and evaluate different courses of action, ultimately leading to a resolution.
14.
Who is the most important person in the decisions regarding bioethics
Correct Answer
B. Patient
Explanation
The most important person in the decisions regarding bioethics is the patient. This is because bioethics is centered around the ethical considerations and rights of individuals in healthcare. The patient's autonomy, values, and preferences should be respected and taken into account when making decisions related to their healthcare. Their well-being and best interests should be the primary focus, making them the most important person in bioethical decision-making.
15.
Performing an expensive surgery on a patient who is in the end stages of AIDS involves the bioethical issue of
Correct Answer
C. Futile medical care
Explanation
Performing an expensive surgery on a patient in the end stages of AIDS involves the bioethical issue of futile medical care. This means that the surgery is unlikely to provide any significant benefit or improve the patient's condition, given the advanced stage of their illness. It raises questions about the allocation of limited resources, as well as the ethical considerations of subjecting the patient to a potentially risky and invasive procedure with little to no chance of success.
16.
It is necessary to engage in which of the following with other health care professionals about problems involved with a patient's care and treatment
Correct Answer
B. Communication
Explanation
Communication is necessary to engage in with other healthcare professionals about problems involved with a patient's care and treatment. This is because effective communication allows for the exchange of information, coordination of care, and collaboration among healthcare professionals. It ensures that everyone involved in the patient's care is on the same page, understands the problems, and can work together to develop appropriate plans and interventions. Communication also helps in identifying any potential issues or challenges that may arise during the course of treatment, enabling timely intervention and resolution.
17.
The first step in resolving that a bioethical issue is a moral dilemma is which of the following
Correct Answer
A. Identification
Explanation
The first step in resolving a bioethical issue that involves a moral dilemma is identification. This means recognizing and acknowledging that there is a moral conflict or dilemma present. Without identifying the issue, it would be impossible to proceed with any further steps in resolving it. Identification allows for a clear understanding of the problem at hand, enabling individuals to then move forward in finding a solution or making a decision.
18.
When health care professionals attempt to improve the situations surrounding the patient, they are practicing which of the following principles
Correct Answer
B. Beneficence
Explanation
The correct answer is beneficence because when healthcare professionals strive to improve the situations surrounding the patient, they are acting in the best interest of the patient's well-being. Beneficence is the principle of doing good and promoting the welfare of others. It involves taking actions that benefit the patient and enhance their health outcomes. By practicing beneficence, healthcare professionals prioritize the patient's needs and work towards improving their overall condition.
19.
Once a bioethical problem has been identified, information has been fathered, and communication has taken place, health care professionals must make which of the follwoing with respect to the appropriate action to take to resolve the issue
Correct Answer
C. Choice
Explanation
After identifying a bioethical problem, gathering information, and engaging in communication, healthcare professionals need to make a choice regarding the appropriate action to resolve the issue. This means they must decide on a specific course of action or decision to address the ethical problem at hand. The choice they make will determine the steps they take to resolve the issue in an ethical and responsible manner.
20.
Committees designed review all research proposals and make sure research standards are met are called
Correct Answer
D. Institutional review boards
Explanation
Institutional review boards are committees that are specifically designed to review all research proposals and ensure that they meet the required research standards. These boards are responsible for evaluating the ethical implications of the proposed research and ensuring the protection of human subjects involved in the study. They play a crucial role in maintaining the integrity and quality of research conducted within an institution.
21.
It is important to protect a patient's right to privacy because
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Protecting a patient's right to privacy is important because privacy laws are in effect, preventing unauthorized disclosure and ensuring that the patient's personal information is kept confidential. This is crucial to maintain trust between healthcare providers and patients. Additionally, respecting privacy prevents emotional distress for the patient, as sensitive information may cause embarrassment or discomfort if disclosed without consent. Therefore, all of the above reasons highlight the significance of protecting a patient's right to privacy.
22.
Mrs. jonassen has been admitted to get her diabetes under control and has several diagnostic tests performed that are related to irritble bowel syndrome. which of the followign helath care professionals do not need to know the inforamtion they access below about mrs jonassen
Correct Answer
C. The nursing assistant ont he next floor who knows mrs jonassen's husband and checks her records for the diagnosis
Explanation
The nursing assistant on the next floor who knows Mrs. Jonassen's husband and checks her records for the diagnosis does not need to know the information accessed by the other healthcare professionals. This is because their relationship with Mrs. Jonassen's husband is not relevant to her medical condition or the diagnostic tests being performed. The other healthcare professionals, such as the radiology technician, nurse, and consulting physician, need access to this information in order to provide appropriate care and make informed decisions about her treatment.
23.
Ehich of the following examples is an invation of privacy as opposed to a breach of confidentiality
Correct Answer
D. A lab technician reviews the lab results on a celebrity but did not perform the tests
Explanation
The correct answer is "a lab technician reviews the lab results on a celebrity but did not perform the tests." This is an invasion of privacy because the lab technician accessed and reviewed the private medical information of a celebrity without proper authorization or a legitimate reason to do so. It violates the celebrity's right to privacy and confidentiality of their medical records.
24.
Inforation regarding certain health care problems must be especially guarded, including informaiton
Correct Answer
C. About the genetic makeup of a newborn child
Explanation
Certain health care problems, such as genetic makeup, need to be particularly protected due to privacy concerns. The genetic makeup of a newborn child is highly personal and sensitive information that should be kept confidential. This information can have significant implications for the child's future health and well-being, as well as potential privacy concerns for the child and their family. Therefore, it is crucial to safeguard this type of information to ensure privacy and maintain ethical standards in healthcare.
25.
Computerized patient records must include
Correct Answer
D. A date and time stamp for each entry
Explanation
Computerized patient records must include a date and time stamp for each entry to ensure accurate and up-to-date documentation. This allows healthcare providers to track the chronology of events and interventions, aiding in continuity of care and identifying any potential errors or discrepancies. The date and time stamp also serves as a legal record, providing evidence of when specific actions or decisions were made. This information is crucial for medical audits, research, and ensuring accountability in the healthcare system.
26.
Computerized patient records should include how many forms of identification
Correct Answer
B. At least two
Explanation
Computerized patient records should include at least two forms of identification to ensure accurate and secure patient identification. Using multiple forms of identification, such as a patient's name, date of birth, and unique identification number, helps to minimize the risk of misidentification or confusion between patients with similar names or information. This is crucial for maintaining the integrity of patient records and ensuring that the right information is associated with the right individual.
27.
Most computer systems employ a means of determining who accesses a patient record that comonly uses
Correct Answer
C. Audit trails
Explanation
Audit trails are commonly used in computer systems to determine who accesses a patient record. It is a method of recording and tracking all activities and actions performed on a computer system. This allows for accountability and transparency in accessing patient records, ensuring that only authorized individuals can view and modify the information. Audit trails provide a detailed log of user activities, including the date, time, and specific actions performed, helping to identify any unauthorized access or potential security breaches.
28.
Which of the following is not a type of biometric identification system
Correct Answer
B. CPC's
29.
Computer information can be protected with which of the following methods
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above" because all three methods mentioned (using a screen blank, positioning monitors, and signing off) contribute to protecting computer information. Using a screen blank that activates when the keys are not touched ensures that sensitive information is not visible to unauthorized users. Positioning monitors in a way that they cannot be openly seen adds an extra layer of security by preventing others from viewing the screen. Signing off each time the computer is left ensures that no one can access the computer without authorization. Therefore, all three methods collectively protect computer information.
30.
Which of the following office recommends compliance programs and investigates medicare and medicaid fraud
Correct Answer
B. Office of the inspector general
Explanation
The Office of the Inspector General recommends compliance programs and investigates Medicare and Medicaid fraud. This office is responsible for ensuring the integrity of federal healthcare programs and protecting beneficiaries from fraud and abuse. Through its investigations, the Office of the Inspector General plays a crucial role in identifying and prosecuting individuals or organizations involved in fraudulent activities related to Medicare and Medicaid.
31.
Which of the follwoign people not directly involved in a surgery patient's treatmetn needs to know the medical information in the patient's chart
Correct Answer
C. Unit secretary ont he floor where the patient is recovering
Explanation
The unit secretary on the floor where the patient is recovering needs to know the medical information in the patient's chart. This is because the unit secretary is responsible for coordinating and managing the administrative tasks on the floor, including updating patient records and communicating information to the appropriate healthcare providers. Although the hospital chaplain, emergency room physician, and any nurse in the hospital may interact with the patient, they are not directly involved in the patient's treatment and therefore may not require access to the patient's medical information in the chart.
32.
The health care facitlity that remains in compliance with medical record regulations must
Correct Answer
B. Place meaningful restricitons on access to patient records
Explanation
To ensure compliance with medical record regulations, a health care facility must place meaningful restrictions on access to patient records. This means that not every employee should have unrestricted access to patient records. Instead, access should be limited to only those employees who require it for their job responsibilities. By implementing these restrictions, the facility can protect patient confidentiality and privacy, preventing unauthorized access and potential breaches of sensitive information. Simply instructing employees about the confidentiality of patient records may not be sufficient, as it does not provide concrete measures to restrict access. Using biometrics to restrict access can be an additional security measure, but it is not mentioned in the question.
33.
When can a medical recored be releaed without a signed consent formt he patient
Correct Answer
D. Non of the above
Explanation
A medical record cannot be released without a signed consent form from the patient, regardless of whether the patient is unconscious, in surgery, or belligerent. The patient's consent is necessary to ensure their privacy and confidentiality rights are protected. Therefore, none of the options provided in the question would allow for the release of a medical record without a signed consent form from the patient.
34.
What information should not be released from a medical record without the patient's consent
Correct Answer
C. Documented case of HIV infection
Explanation
The information regarding a documented case of HIV infection should not be released from a medical record without the patient's consent. This is because HIV infection is a highly stigmatized condition and disclosure of this information without consent can lead to discrimination, breach of privacy, and potential harm to the patient's personal and professional life. It is crucial to respect patient confidentiality and obtain their consent before disclosing any sensitive medical information, especially regarding HIV infection.
35.
Which of the followign laws pertains to medical record security
Correct Answer
B. HIPAA
Explanation
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) pertains to medical record security. It is a federal law in the United States that ensures the privacy and security of patients' medical records and personal health information. HIPAA requires healthcare providers to implement safeguards to protect patient information and sets guidelines for the secure transmission and storage of medical records. It also grants patients certain rights and control over their health information, including the ability to access and request amendments to their records.
36.
Invation of privacy and breach of confidentiality are the most common quasi-intentional
Correct Answer
B. Torts
Explanation
The given correct answer is "torts." Torts are civil wrongs that cause harm or injury to someone, but are not necessarily intentional. In this context, invasion of privacy and breach of confidentiality are examples of quasi-intentional torts. These torts involve actions that violate an individual's right to privacy or breach a duty to keep certain information confidential. While the other options (laws, liabilities, malpractice) are also relevant in different contexts, they do not specifically encompass the concept of quasi-intentional wrongs like torts do.
37.
Laws exist to protect patient privacy and avoid which of the follwoign unauthorized activities
Correct Answer
A. Disclosure
Explanation
Laws exist to protect patient privacy and avoid unauthorized activities such as disclosure. This means that healthcare providers are legally bound to keep patient information confidential and not share it with anyone without the patient's consent. Unauthorized disclosure of patient information can lead to breaches of privacy and potential harm to the patient. Therefore, laws are in place to prevent such unauthorized disclosures and ensure that patient privacy is safeguarded.
38.
Patients have a right to do which of the followign with respect to their information shared with a health care provider remaining confidential
Correct Answer
A. Assume
Explanation
Patients have a right to assume that their information shared with a healthcare provider will remain confidential. This means that they can trust that their personal and medical information will be kept private and not disclosed to unauthorized individuals without their consent. This confidentiality is essential for maintaining trust between patients and healthcare providers and ensuring that patients feel comfortable sharing sensitive information about their health.
39.
Which of the following is different from an intentional or quasi intentional tort
Correct Answer
C. Negligence
Explanation
Negligence is different from intentional or quasi intentional torts because it refers to a failure to exercise reasonable care, rather than an intentional act or a deliberate disregard for someone's rights or safety. While intentional or quasi intentional torts involve intentional harm or actions that result in harm, negligence occurs when someone fails to take reasonable precautions or acts in a careless manner, leading to harm or injury to another person. In contrast, malpractice, HIPAA, and privacy can all fall under intentional or quasi intentional torts, as they involve intentional actions or violations of rights.
40.
Which of the following types of subpoena is used to demand medical records for a legal proceeding
Correct Answer
D. Duces tecum
Explanation
A duces tecum subpoena is used to demand the production of specific documents or records, such as medical records, for a legal proceeding. This type of subpoena requires the recipient to bring the requested documents to court or provide them to the requesting party. It is commonly used in cases where medical records are necessary to establish facts or support claims in a legal matter.
41.
Which of the following nursing assistants might be exposing him or herself to liability
Correct Answer
C. One who does not check on a patient who is in observation
Explanation
One who does not check on a patient who is in observation might be exposing themselves to liability. This is because it is the responsibility of the nursing assistant to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient under their care. By neglecting to check on a patient who is in observation, the nursing assistant is potentially putting the patient at risk and failing to fulfill their duty of care. If any harm or adverse event were to occur as a result of this negligence, the nursing assistant could be held liable for their actions.
42.
Which of the following medical assistants might be exposing himself or herself to liablity
Correct Answer
D. One who answers the patient's question about chances for recovery
Explanation
The medical assistant who answers the patient's question about chances for recovery might be exposing themselves to liability. This is because medical assistants are not qualified to provide medical advice or prognosis. Answering such a question could lead to incorrect information being provided, which could have serious consequences for the patient's health. It is important for medical assistants to refer any medical questions or concerns to a qualified healthcare professional to ensure accurate and appropriate information is given to the patient.
43.
Health care settings include which of the following places
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Health care settings include nursing homes, hospitals, and rehabilitation centers. These places provide medical care, support, and treatment for individuals who are in need of various levels of care. Nursing homes are residential facilities that provide long-term care for individuals who are unable to care for themselves. Hospitals are medical facilities that provide a wide range of medical services, including emergency care, surgeries, and specialized treatments. Rehabilitation centers are facilities that provide therapy and support to individuals recovering from injuries, illnesses, or surgeries. Therefore, all of the above options are correct as they are all considered health care settings.
44.
The role of the allied health professional as explained in this chapter is which of the following
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." The role of the allied health professional, as explained in the chapter, encompasses properly providing services that are ordered, ensuring that the services provided are documented, and practicing safely and properly. This means that the allied health professional is responsible for delivering the ordered services accurately, documenting them appropriately, and following safety protocols to ensure the well-being of the patients.
45.
Which of the following allied health professionals is not performing a direct patient service
Correct Answer
A. A medical assistant helping a pHysician as he removes sutures
Explanation
A medical assistant helping a physician as he removes sutures is not performing a direct patient service. While the medical assistant is assisting the physician, they are not directly interacting with the patient or providing any direct care or treatment to the patient.
46.
Which of the following allied health professionals is performing indirect patient services
Correct Answer
B. An operating room nurse assisting a pHysician in surgery
Explanation
The operating room nurse is performing indirect patient services because they are assisting the physician in surgery, rather than directly providing care to the patient.
47.
Liability can result from which of the following
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Liability can result from various actions or omissions by an allied health professional. If an allied health professional performs an act that causes harm or injury to a patient, they can be held liable. Similarly, if they fail to perform a necessary action or omit to provide proper care, resulting in harm, liability can also arise. Additionally, if an allied health professional is supervising another person who commits an act that leads to liability, they can be held responsible as well. Therefore, all of the options mentioned - an act by an allied health professional, an omission by an allied health professional, and supervising a person who commits an act with liability - can result in liability.
48.
Which of the following health care providers might be held liable for faulty equipment
Correct Answer
C. A medical assistant who does not report a broken exam table
Explanation
A medical assistant who does not report a broken exam table might be held liable for faulty equipment. This is because it is the responsibility of the medical assistant to ensure that all equipment is in proper working condition and to report any issues or damages. Failing to report a broken exam table could potentially lead to harm or injury to patients, making the medical assistant liable for negligence in maintaining the equipment.
49.
How should a health care professional identify a patient
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
A healthcare professional should identify a patient by asking their name to confirm their identity. They should also check the patient's wristband, which typically contains important identifying information such as their name, date of birth, and medical record number. Additionally, verifying the patient's room with the nurse's station ensures that the healthcare professional is attending to the correct patient. Therefore, all of these methods should be used to accurately identify a patient.
50.
If a nurse wants to verify the procedure for notifying the family that a patient has died, where should he or she look first
Correct Answer
C. Policies and procedure manual for the health care facility
Explanation
The nurse should look first in the policies and procedure manual for the health care facility to verify the procedure for notifying the family that a patient has died. This manual contains specific guidelines and protocols that are followed within the facility, ensuring that all staff members are aware of the correct procedures to be followed in such situations. It is the most reliable and immediate source of information for the nurse to refer to in order to ensure that the correct procedure is followed when notifying the family.