1.
Horizontal bitewing radiographs ត្រូវបានប្រើប្រាស់ ជាជំនួយក្នុងការ រុករក lesion នៅ:
Correct Answer
A. Proximal surface of posterior teeth
Explanation
Horizontal bitewing radiographs are commonly used to detect lesions on the proximal surface of posterior teeth. These radiographs provide a clear view of the contact area between adjacent teeth, allowing for the detection of any decay or abnormalities in this area. By using horizontal bitewing radiographs, dentists can accurately diagnose and treat lesions on the proximal surfaces of posterior teeth, ensuring proper oral health for patients.
2.
Factor Influence Radiographic Interpretation ដោយសារ:
Correct Answer
A. Errors in technique and Exposure
Explanation
The answer suggests that errors in technique and exposure have a significant influence on radiographic interpretation. This means that the way the radiograph is taken and the exposure settings used can affect how accurately the image is interpreted. Factors such as improper positioning, incorrect exposure time, or incorrect settings can lead to errors in the radiograph, making it difficult for the radiologist or dentist to accurately interpret the image.
3.
នៅក្នុង Visual methods , 1 មានន័យថា:
Correct Answer
A. Opacity (white ) hardly visible on the wet surface but distinctly visible after air-drying
Explanation
The correct answer suggests that the opacity of the white substance is difficult to see on the wet surface, but becomes clearly visible after it has dried. This implies that the substance becomes more solid and less transparent once it dries, making it easier to see.
4.
នៅក្នុង Visual methods , 2 មានន័យថា:
Correct Answer
A. Opacity (white brown) distinctly visible without air-drying
Explanation
The given answer states that opacity (white brown) is distinctly visible without air-drying. This means that the object being observed is not transparent and its color (white brown) can be clearly seen without the need for the object to dry.
5.
កំហាប់ Fluoride toothpaste ដែលត្រូវប្រើ ជាទូទៅចន្លោះពី:
Correct Answer
A. 1000-1500 ppm
Explanation
Fluoride toothpaste is typically recommended to contain a concentration of 1000-1500 ppm (parts per million) of fluoride. This concentration range is considered effective in preventing tooth decay and promoting oral health. Higher concentrations, such as 2800-5000 ppm or 5000-8000 ppm, may be prescribed by a dentist for individuals with a higher risk of tooth decay or certain dental conditions. However, using toothpaste with excessively high fluoride concentrations can lead to dental fluorosis, a cosmetic condition that affects the appearance of tooth enamel. Therefore, the recommended concentration range of 1000-1500 ppm is considered safe and effective for most individuals.
6.
អោយអ្នកជំងឺhigh risk ដែលមានmultiple lesion និង dry mouth ប្រើថ្នាំដុសធ្មេញដែលមានកំហាប់ fluoride ខ្ពស់គឺចន្លោះពី:
Correct Answer
A. 2800-5000 ppm
Explanation
The correct answer is 2800-5000 ppm. This range of fluoride concentration is recommended for individuals who are at high risk of developing dental problems such as multiple lesions and dry mouth. Fluoride helps to strengthen the teeth and prevent tooth decay. Using a toothpaste with a high fluoride concentration within this range can provide additional protection for individuals with these risk factors.
7.
នៅក្នុង components of the dental exam, Extra-oral Examination ត្រូវពិនិត្យ:
Correct Answer
A. TMJ + Eyes + Face + Neck (LympH node)
Explanation
In the components of the dental exam, the extra-oral examination involves checking the TMJ (temporomandibular joint) for any abnormalities or pain, examining the eyes for any signs of infection or inflammation, assessing the face for any asymmetry or swelling, and examining the neck for any enlarged lymph nodes. All these components are important to evaluate the overall health and potential issues related to the dental condition.
8.
នៅពេលពិនិត្យអ្នកជំងឺ ទន្តបណ្ឌិតចាំបាច់ត្រូវធ្វើការសំរេចចិត្តដូចខាងក្រោម:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
During the examination of a patient, it is important to perform a diagnosis to determine the nature and cause of the illness. This is followed by a prognosis, which involves predicting the likely course and outcome of the disease. Once the diagnosis and prognosis are established, treatment options and planning can be discussed with the patient. This may involve medication, surgery, or other interventions. Additionally, efforts should be made to prevent further disease progression and restore the patient's health. This may include lifestyle changes, preventive measures, and rehabilitation.
9.
MTA has more advantage over CaOH2:
Correct Answer
A. Rapid cell growth promotion in vitro + Greater ability to maintain the integrity of pulp tissue
Explanation
MTA has more advantage over CaOH2 because it promotes rapid cell growth in vitro and has a greater ability to maintain the integrity of pulp tissue. It also results in a thicker dentinal bridge, less inflammation, less hyperemia, and less pulpal necrosis. MTA can produce the formation of a dentin bridge at a faster rate and has a high ability to fight against the penetration of microorganisms.
10.
Materials Used in direct pulp capping:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The correct answer is all of the above. This means that all of the materials listed above, including Calcium Hydroxide + GIC, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), and ZOE, can be used in direct pulp capping.
11.
Indication of direct pulp capping:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The given answer suggests that all of the above conditions should be present in order to indicate direct pulp capping. This means that the tooth should still be alive and there should be no history of pain. Additionally, the exposure should be recent and less than 24 hours, with a size of less than 1mm. The area should not be hemorrhagic or difficult to control, and there should be no pulp infection with granuloma or abscess.
12.
Definition of direct pulp capping:
Correct Answer
A. Techniques for treating a pulp exposure with a material that seal over the exposure site and promote the reparative dentin formation with maintaining pulp vitality
Explanation
Direct pulp capping refers to the technique of treating a pulp exposure by sealing the exposure site with a material. This material not only seals the site but also promotes the formation of reparative dentin while maintaining the vitality of the pulp. This procedure involves removing only the infected dentin caries and sealing the cavity with a bactericidal agent.
13.
Role of Glass Ionomer:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
Glass ionomer has several roles in dentistry. One of its main advantages is its biocompatibility, meaning it is well-tolerated by the body and does not cause any adverse reactions. Additionally, glass ionomer releases fluoride, which helps prevent tooth decay and strengthens the surrounding teeth. However, it is contraindicated for permanent fillings in Class I and Class II restorations due to its lower strength compared to other restorative materials.
14.
Role of Zinc Oxide Eugenol:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
Zinc Oxide Eugenol is used as an antimicrobial agent in temporary fillings, helping to prevent the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms. It also has good sealing capabilities, making it an effective intermediate base for temporary fillings. Additionally, it provides protection to the pulp against thermal shock, which can occur during dental procedures. Overall, Zinc Oxide Eugenol plays a crucial role in ensuring the success and longevity of temporary fillings.
15.
Role of Calcium Hydroxide:
Correct Answer
A. Used as cavity linning + It served as blocking dentin tubules
Explanation
Calcium hydroxide is used as a cavity lining material because it serves two purposes. Firstly, it can block the dentin tubules, preventing the passage of bacteria and other irritants into the pulp. Secondly, its high pH level helps to neutralize any existing acid in the cavity, which can protect the pulp from chemical irritation caused by non-metallic fillings. Additionally, calcium hydroxide has the ability to kill bacteria and stimulate the formation of reparative dentin, aiding in the healing process.
16.
Indirect pulp capping during 6-8 weeks waiting period:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
During the 6-8 weeks waiting period, indirect pulp capping is performed. This procedure helps to arrest the carious process, meaning it stops the progression of tooth decay. Additionally, it allows the soft caries to harden, making it more resistant to further damage. Indirect pulp capping also promotes the formation of a protective layer of reparative dentine, which helps to protect the underlying pulp and prevent further infection or decay.
17.
What does "aseptic" mean during indirect pulp capping:
Correct Answer
A. Not introduce any new bacteria - or any other micro-organisms - into the area
Explanation
During indirect pulp capping, "aseptic" means not introducing any new bacteria or micro-organisms into the area. This is important because the goal of indirect pulp capping is to protect the pulp from further damage and promote healing. Introducing new bacteria or micro-organisms could lead to infection and compromise the success of the procedure. Therefore, maintaining an aseptic environment is crucial to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.
18.
What precaution should be taken in indirect pulp capping:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
In indirect pulp capping, all infected dentin should be removed using large round burs and excavators, while being careful not to expose the pulp. Additionally, a rubber dam should be placed to control infection.
19.
Materials Used in indirect pulp capping:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
20.
Indication of Indirect pulp capping:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The given answer suggests that all the above-mentioned indications must be present for indirect pulp capping. This means that there should be no pulp exposure and no history of pain. Additionally, there should be no evidence of any disease or decay invading the tooth, and the tooth should show clinical signs and symptoms of vitality.
21.
Definition of indirect pulp capping:
Correct Answer
A. It is a procedure in which only the infected dentin caries is removed and the cavity is sealed with a bactericidal agent
Explanation
Indirect pulp capping is a dental procedure that involves removing only the infected dentin caries and sealing the cavity with a bactericidal agent. This procedure helps to preserve the vitality of the pulp by leaving a layer of affected dentin to stimulate the formation of reparative dentin. By sealing the cavity with a bactericidal agent, the risk of further infection is minimized. This approach is often used when the decay has not reached the pulp directly, but there is a risk of pulp exposure during excavation.
22.
Successful outcome for vital pulp therapy is very dependent on the :
Correct Answer
A. Type and location of injury
Explanation
The successful outcome of vital pulp therapy depends on the type and location of the injury. Different types of injuries may require different treatment approaches and have varying success rates. The location of the injury is also important as it can affect the accessibility and feasibility of the treatment. Therefore, understanding the type and location of the injury is crucial in determining the appropriate treatment modality and predicting the success of the therapy.
23.
Vital pulp therapy includes 2 therapeutic approaches :
Correct Answer
A. ទាំង២ខាងលើ
Explanation
The correct answer is "ទាំង២ខាងលើ" which means "both of the above". This means that vital pulp therapy includes both indirect pulp capping in case of deep dentinal cavities and direct pulp capping/pulpotomy in case of pulp exposure.
24.
Vital pulp therapy aims to treat:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
Vital pulp therapy aims to treat reversible pulpal injury, maintain pulp vitality, and restore function.
25.
Deep caries management, 3 vital techniques:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The given answer "ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ" means "all of the above" in English. This suggests that all three techniques mentioned in the question (indirect pulp capping, direct pulp capping, and coronal pulpotomy) are considered vital in deep caries management.
26.
Indirect restorations may require:
Correct Answer
A. 2 or more visits
Explanation
Indirect restorations, such as crowns or bridges, often require multiple visits to complete. This is because the process involves taking impressions of the teeth, fabricating the restoration in a dental laboratory, and then fitting and cementing the restoration onto the tooth. These steps typically cannot be done in a single visit, as the restoration needs to be custom-made and adjusted for a proper fit and bite. Therefore, the correct answer is that indirect restorations may require 2 or more visits.
27.
Direct restorations are:
Correct Answer
A. Fillings placed immediately into a prepared cavity in a single visit
Explanation
Direct restorations refer to fillings that are placed immediately into a prepared cavity in a single visit. This means that the dentist prepares the cavity by removing the decayed or damaged tooth structure and then fills it with a dental material, such as composite resin or amalgam, in the same appointment. This type of restoration is convenient for patients as it saves time and eliminates the need for multiple visits.
28.
Permanent Fillings ចែកជាពីរគឺ:
Correct Answer
A. Direct restorations + indirect restorations
Explanation
The correct answer is direct restorations + indirect restorations. This means that permanent fillings can be achieved through both direct restorations, where the filling material is placed directly into the cavity, and indirect restorations, where the filling material is fabricated outside of the mouth and then placed into the cavity. This answer encompasses all the other options listed, such as onlays, inlays, crowns, and amalgam, as these are all examples of either direct or indirect restorations used for permanent fillings.
29.
Indirect restorative materials:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំង២ខាងលើ
Explanation
The correct answer is "Inlay, Onlay (gold, composite resin, porcelain) and Crown (Veneers, porcelain fused to metal, zirconia)". This answer lists the indirect restorative materials that are used for inlays, onlays, and crowns. Inlays and onlays can be made from materials such as gold, composite resin, and porcelain. Crowns can be made from veneers, porcelain fused to metal, or zirconia.
30.
Direct restorative materials:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំង២ខាងលើ
Explanation
The answer states that both esthetic restorative materials (composite resin, glass-ionomer cements) and metallic restorations (amalgam) are included in direct restorative materials. It also mentions that inlay and onlay restorations can be made from materials such as gold, composite resin, and porcelain.
31.
The common temporary fillings are:
Correct Answer
A. Zinc oxide and eugenol cement + Zinc pHospHate cement
Explanation
The common temporary fillings include zinc oxide and eugenol cement, as well as zinc phosphate cement. These materials are often used as temporary fillings in dentistry before a permanent filling can be placed. Zinc oxide and eugenol cement provide good sealing properties and have a soothing effect on the pulp. Zinc phosphate cement is known for its strength and durability, making it suitable for temporary restorations. Using a combination of these materials can provide both sealing and strength to the temporary filling, ensuring its effectiveness until a permanent solution can be implemented.
32.
Restorative materials ចែកចេញជា ២ ប្រភេទគឺ:
Correct Answer
A. Temporary restorative materials + Permanent restorative materials
Explanation
Restorative materials can be divided into two main categories: temporary restorative materials and permanent restorative materials. Temporary restorative materials are used for short-term purposes, such as filling a cavity until a permanent filling can be placed. Permanent restorative materials, on the other hand, are used for long-term purposes and are designed to withstand the daily stresses of chewing and biting. Therefore, the correct answer is temporary restorative materials + permanent restorative materials.
33.
Restoration មិនត្រឹមត្រូវគឺជាមូលហេតុចំបងនាំអោយមាន:
Correct Answer
A. Periodontal disease + occlusal disharmonies
Explanation
Periodontal disease refers to inflammation and infection of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. Occlusal disharmonies, on the other hand, refer to an improper alignment of the teeth when the jaws are closed. The correct answer suggests that the combination of periodontal disease and occlusal disharmonies is not appropriate or suitable. This means that having both conditions together can lead to further complications or worsen the existing problems.
34.
Restoration មិនត្រឹមតែផ្តោតទៅលើ form, function, strength, and esthetic, ប៉ុណ្ណោះទេ ត្រូវគិតទៅលើចំនុចសំខាន់មួយទៀតគឺ:
Correct Answer
A. រក្សាមិនអោយខូចខាតដល់ជាលិកាជុំវិញធេ្មញ
Explanation
The correct answer states that restoration does not allow for overloading of the tooth structure. This means that the restoration should not put excessive pressure or stress on the tooth, which could lead to damage or failure. It is important for a restoration to distribute forces evenly and not cause any harm to the tooth structure.
35.
Restoration គឺជា:
Correct Answer
A. របស់ប្រើជំនួស និង បំពេញផ្ទៃធ្មេញដែលបាត់បង់
36.
Treatment Options and Treatment planning:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The given answer states "ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ" which translates to "all of the above" in English. This suggests that all the options mentioned in the previous sentences are valid and applicable in the context of treatment options and treatment planning.
37.
Prognosis ក្នុងករណី រោគពុកធ្មេញដំណាក់កាលដំបូង (early caries) យើងអាចពន្យល់អ្នកជំងឺអោយជ្រើសរើស:
Correct Answer
A. ការព្យាបាលដោយថែទាំ(preventive treatment plan)
Explanation
The correct answer is "ការព្យាបាលដោយថែទាំ(preventive treatment plan)". This is because early caries refers to the initial stages of tooth decay, where the enamel is beginning to break down but the cavity has not yet formed. Preventive treatment plans focus on strategies to stop the progression of caries and prevent further damage to the tooth. This can include measures such as regular dental cleanings, fluoride treatments, and dental sealants to protect the tooth from decay.
38.
Prognosis:
Correct Answer
A. គឺជាការប៉ាន់ស្មានអ្វីដែលនឹងកើតឡើង នៅពេលខាងមុខ ក្នុងករណីសំរេចចិត្តថាព្យាបាល រឺ អត់
Explanation
Prognosis refers to the prediction of what will happen in the future, particularly in terms of a person's health or the course of a disease. It involves determining the likelihood of recovery, the progression of symptoms, and the overall outcome. In the given context, prognosis is being described as something that occurs during the early stages of an illness or when there is uncertainty about the outcome.
39.
Diagnosis:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
40.
DIRECT REAR POSITION (12 O'CLOCK), working areas include:
Correct Answer
A. LINGUAL SURFACES OF MANDIBULAR TEETH
41.
RIGHT REAR POSITION (11 O'CLOCK), working areas include:
Correct Answer
A. PALATAL AND INCISAL (OCCLUSAL) SURFACES OF MAXILLARY TEETH + MANDIBULAR TEETH (DIRECT VISION).
Explanation
The right rear position at 11 o'clock allows for direct vision of the palatal and incisal (occlusal) surfaces of both the maxillary and mandibular teeth. This position also provides visibility of the facial surfaces of the maxillary right posterior teeth and the occlusal surfaces of the mandibular right posterior teeth.
42.
RIGHT POSITION (9 O'CLOCK), working areas include:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
43.
RIGHT FRONT POSITION (7 O'CLOCK), working areas include:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
44.
Recording of dental examination :
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The given answer suggests that all of the above-mentioned elements are included in the recording of a dental examination. This means that tooth diagrams, numbering systems, color coding, cavity classifications, charting symbols, abbreviations of tooth surfaces, and abbreviations of treatments are all part of the recording process.
45.
នៅក្នុង components of the dental exam, Intra-oral Examination ត្រូវពិនិត្យ:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
46.
Position During Dental Treatment, operating position:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The answer provided states that all positions mentioned above are correct for dental treatment.
47.
នៅក្នុង components of the dental exam, General History ត្រូវកត់ត្រា:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
In the components of the dental exam, the General History section should include the patient's name, age, and address. Additionally, it should also include information about any systemic diseases the patient may have and their major complaint.
48.
Components of the Dental Exam:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The components of the dental exam include general history, extra-oral examination, intra-oral examination, recording the dental examination, tooth diagrams and color coding, diagnosis, and treatment plan.
49.
វិធីដែលអាចControlling cariesលើអ្នកជំងឺស្ងួតមាត់គឺ:
Correct Answer
A. ទាំងអស់ខាងលើ
Explanation
The explanation for the given answer is that controlling caries on all surfaces of the teeth can be achieved by using high fluoride toothpaste (5000 ppm), using fluoride mouthwash, and applying fluoride varnish every three months. Additionally, for individuals with reduced saliva flow, using a saliva substitute can be helpful.
50.
Indication for the use of fluoride mouthwash are:
Correct Answer
A. Patients ≥ 8 years with high caries activity
Explanation
The correct answer is "Patients ≥ 8 years with high caries activity." This is because fluoride mouthwash is recommended for individuals who are at a higher risk of developing dental caries (tooth decay). Children above the age of 8 who have a high caries activity are more prone to tooth decay and can benefit from the use of fluoride mouthwash to strengthen their tooth enamel and prevent cavities.