Med Surg Exam 3 - Chapter 28
- 1.
In assessing a patient with pneuomococcal pneumonia, the nurse recognizes that clinical manifestations of this condition include (select all that apply)
- A.
Nonproductive cough
- B.
An abrupt onset of fever
- C.
Night sweats that are usually self-limiting
- D.
Productive cough with rust-colored sputum
- E.
A gradual onset of sore throat and purulent productive cough
Correct Answer(s)
B. An abrupt onset of fever
D. Productive cough with rust-colored sputumExplanation
The correct answer is an abrupt onset of fever and productive cough with rust-colored sputum. Pneumococcal pneumonia is characterized by a sudden onset of high fever and chills. The cough is usually productive and the sputum may be rust-colored due to the presence of blood. Other symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and weakness. Night sweats are not typically associated with pneumococcal pneumonia, and a nonproductive cough or a gradual onset of sore throat and purulent productive cough are not specific to this condition.Rate this question:
-
- 2.
An appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with pneumonia with the nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearence related to thick secretions and fatigue would be to
- A.
Perform postural drainage every hour
- B.
Provide postural drainage every hour
- C.
Administer oxygen as precribed to maintain optimal oxygen levels
- D.
Teach the patient how to cough effectively to bring secretions to the mouth
Correct Answer
D. Teach the patient how to cough effectively to bring secretions to the mouthExplanation
Teaching the patient how to cough effectively to bring secretions to the mouth is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with pneumonia and the nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance related to thick secretions and fatigue. This intervention helps the patient to effectively clear the airway by coughing and expectorating the thick secretions. It promotes airway clearance and prevents complications such as respiratory distress and infection.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
A patient with TB has been admitted to the hospital and is placed in an airborne infection isolation room. Which of the following should the patient be taught (select all that apply)
- A.
Expect routine TST to evaluate infection
- B.
B. Visitors will not be allowed while in airborne isolation Visitors will not be allowed while in airborne isolation
- C.
Take all medications for full length of time to prevent multidrug-resistant TB
- D.
Wear a standard isolation mask if leaving the airborne infection isolation room
- E.
Maintain precautions in airborne infection isolation room by coughing into a paper tissue
Correct Answer(s)
C. Take all medications for full length of time to prevent multidrug-resistant TB
D. Wear a standard isolation mask if leaving the airborne infection isolation room
E. Maintain precautions in airborne infection isolation room by coughing into a paper tissueExplanation
The patient should be taught to take all medications for the full length of time to prevent multidrug-resistant TB. This is important to ensure that the TB infection is fully treated and to prevent the development of drug-resistant strains of the disease. The patient should also be taught to wear a standard isolation mask if leaving the airborne infection isolation room, as this helps to prevent the spread of TB to others. Additionally, the patient should be taught to maintain precautions in the airborne infection isolation room by coughing into a paper tissue, which helps to minimize the spread of infectious droplets.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
A patient has been receiving high-dose corticosteroids and broad-sectrum antibiotics for treatment secondary to a traumatic injury and infection. The nurse plans care for the patient knowing that the patient is most susceptible to
- A.
Candidiasis
- B.
Aspergillosis
- C.
Histoplasmosis
- D.
Coccidodomycosis
Correct Answer
A. CandidiasisExplanation
The patient receiving high-dose corticosteroids and broad-spectrum antibiotics is most susceptible to candidiasis. High-dose corticosteroids can suppress the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to fungal infections such as candidiasis. Broad-spectrum antibiotics can disrupt the normal balance of bacteria in the body, allowing Candida (a type of fungus) to overgrow and cause an infection. Aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, and coccidioidomycosis are all fungal infections, but they are not specifically associated with the use of corticosteroids and antibiotics in the same way that candidiasis is.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
Which statement best describes the treatment of lung abscess?
- A.
It is best treated with surgical excision and drainage.
- B.
Antibiotics given for a prolonged period are the usual treatment of choice.
- C.
The abscess is difficult to treat and frequently results in pulmonary fibrosis
- D.
Penicillin can effectively eradicate the anaerobic organisms causing the abscess
Correct Answer
B. Antibiotics given for a prolonged period are the usual treatment of choice.Explanation
The statement "Antibiotics given for a prolonged period are the usual treatment of choice" best describes the treatment of lung abscess. This suggests that the primary approach to managing lung abscess involves administering antibiotics over an extended period. Surgical excision and drainage may be necessary in certain cases, but the usual treatment is focused on prolonged antibiotic therapy. The other options either do not align with standard treatment practices or do not provide a comprehensive treatment approach.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
A common complication of many types of environment lung diseases is
- A.
Pulmonary fibrosis
- B.
Liquefactive necrosis
- C.
Benign tumor growth
- D.
Diffuse airway obstruction
Correct Answer
A. Pulmonary fibrosisExplanation
Pulmonary fibrosis is a common complication of many types of lung diseases. It refers to the scarring and thickening of the lung tissue, which can lead to a decrease in lung function and difficulty in breathing. This condition can be caused by various factors such as exposure to environmental toxins, certain medications, infections, and autoimmune diseases. Over time, the scar tissue replaces healthy lung tissue, making it harder for the lungs to expand and contract properly. This can result in symptoms such as shortness of breath, coughing, and fatigue. Treatment options for pulmonary fibrosis aim to manage symptoms, slow down the progression of the disease, and improve quality of life.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
The patient with with lung cancer needs to receive influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccines. The nurse will
- A.
Administer both vaccines at the same time in the same arm
- B.
Administer both vaccines at the same time in different arms
- C.
Administer the flu shot and tell the patient to come back 1 week later to receive the pneumococcal vaccine
- D.
Administer the pneumococcal vaccine and suggest Flumist (nasal vaccine) instead of the influenza injection.
Correct Answer
B. Administer both vaccines at the same time in different armsExplanation
The patient with lung cancer needs to receive both the influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccines. Administering both vaccines at the same time ensures that the patient receives the necessary immunizations efficiently. By administering the vaccines in different arms, it reduces the risk of any potential adverse reactions or interactions between the vaccines.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
The nurse identifies a flail chest in a trauma patient when
- A.
Multiple rib fractures are determined by x-ray
- B.
A tracheal deviation to the unaffected side is present
- C.
Paradoxic chest movement occurs during respiration
- D.
There is decreased movement of the involved chest wall
Correct Answer
C. Paradoxic chest movement occurs during respirationExplanation
The correct answer is "paradoxic chest movement occurs during respiration." Flail chest refers to a condition in which multiple rib fractures result in a segment of the chest wall becoming detached from the rest of the chest wall. This detachment causes paradoxical movement, meaning that the affected segment moves in the opposite direction to the rest of the chest during respiration. This can be observed visually as a noticeable inward movement of the affected segment during inspiration and outward movement during expiration. X-ray findings of multiple rib fractures, tracheal deviation, and decreased movement of the involved chest wall may be present in a trauma patient but are not specific to flail chest.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
The nurse notes tidaling of the ate level in the tube submerged in the water-seal chamber in a patient with closed chest tube drainage. The nurse should
- A.
Continue to monitor normal finding
- B.
Check all connections for a leak in the system
- C.
Lower the drainage collector further from the chest
- D.
Clamp the tubing at progressively distal points away from the patient until the tidaling stops
Correct Answer
A. Continue to monitor normal findingExplanation
The nurse should continue to monitor the normal finding of tidaling in the water-seal chamber of the closed chest tube drainage system. Tidaling refers to the fluctuation of the fluid level in the tube, which is a normal occurrence. It indicates that the system is functioning properly and that there is no obstruction or significant air leak. Therefore, there is no need for any intervention such as checking for leaks, adjusting the drainage collector, or clamping the tubing.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
A nursin meausre that should be instituted after a pneumonectomy is
- A.
Monitoring chest tube drainage and functioning
- B.
Positioning the patient on the unaffected side or back
- C.
Range-of-motion exercises on the affected upper extremity
- D.
Auscultating frequently for lung sounds on the affected side
Correct Answer
C. Range-of-motion exercises on the affected upper extremityExplanation
After a pneumonectomy, range-of-motion exercises on the affected upper extremity should be instituted. This is because the surgery involves the removal of a lung, which can lead to decreased lung capacity and impaired respiratory function. Range-of-motion exercises help to maintain and improve the mobility of the affected arm and shoulder, preventing stiffness and muscle weakness. These exercises also promote circulation and prevent complications such as blood clots. Monitoring chest tube drainage and functioning, positioning the patient on the unaffected side or back, and auscultating for lung sounds on the affected side are important aspects of post-operative care, but they are not specific to a pneumonectomy.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
Guillain-Barre syndrome causes respiratory problems primarily by
- A.
Depressing the CNS
- B.
Deforming chest wall muscles
- C.
Paralyzing the diaphragm secondary to trauma
- D.
Interrupting nerve transmission to respiratory muscles
Correct Answer
D. Interrupting nerve transmission to respiratory musclesExplanation
Guillain-Barre syndrome is a neurological disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system. It is characterized by the immune system attacking the nerves, leading to muscle weakness and paralysis. In the case of respiratory problems, Guillain-Barre syndrome interrupts the transmission of nerves to the respiratory muscles. This interruption prevents the muscles responsible for breathing from receiving the necessary signals, resulting in respiratory difficulties.Rate this question:
-
- 12.
A patient is on a continuous epoprostenol infusion pump. The alarm goes off indicating an obstruction in the intravenous line downstream. The nurse should
- A.
Chichi vital signs and oxygen saturation
- B.
Osculate the lungs for pulmonary congestion
- C.
Assess the central line imediately for any obstruction or accidental clamping of tubing
- D.
Monitor for flushing and hypotension due to rebound from no medication and the short half-life of the drug
Correct Answer
C. Assess the central line imediately for any obstruction or accidental clamping of tubingExplanation
The correct answer is to assess the central line immediately for any obstruction or accidental clamping of tubing. This is the most appropriate action to take when the alarm indicates an obstruction in the intravenous line downstream. By assessing the central line, the nurse can identify and resolve any issues that may be causing the obstruction, such as a kinked or clamped tubing. This will ensure that the continuous epoprostenol infusion can resume without interruption and prevent any potential complications for the patient.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
Which of the following statements describe the management of a patient following lung transplantation (select all that apply)?
- A.
The lung is biopsied using a transtracheal method
- B.
High doses of oxygen are administered around the clock
- C.
The use of a home spirometer will help to monitor lung function
- D.
Immunosuppressant therapy usually involves a three-drug regimen
- E.
Most patients will experience an acute rejection episode in the first 3 days
Correct Answer(s)
A. The lung is biopsied using a transtracheal method
C. The use of a home spirometer will help to monitor lung function
D. Immunosuppressant therapy usually involves a three-drug regimen -
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Oct 10, 2012Quiz Created by
Christytuong
- Abdomen Quizzes
- Addiction Quizzes
- Aging Quizzes
- Arthritis Quizzes
- Blood Quizzes
- Body Quizzes
- Bone Quizzes
- Brain Quizzes
- Child Health Quizzes
- Dermatology Quizzes
- Digestive System Quizzes
- Disease Quizzes
- Fertility Quizzes
- First Aid Quizzes
- Hair care Quizzes
- Health And Nutrition Quizzes
- Health And Wellness Quizzes
- Health Policy Quizzes
- Health Psychology Quizzes
- Health Worldwide Quizzes
- Hearing Quizzes
- Heart Quizzes
- Hospital Quizzes
- Illness Quizzes
- Injury Quizzes
- Kidney Quizzes
- Liver Quizzes
- Lung Quizzes
- Mental Health Quizzes
- Nose Quizzes
- Nutrition Quizzes
- Obesity Quizzes
- Ophthalmology Quizzes
- Patient Quizzes
- Patient care Quizzes
- Pharmacy Quizzes
- Pregnancy Quizzes
- Puberty Quizzes
- Public Health Quizzes
- Respiratory System Quizzes
- Sleep Quizzes
- Stress Quizzes
- Surgical Instruments Quizzes
- Throat Quizzes
- Weight Quizzes
- Wellness Quizzes
Back to top