Med Term Test I

A colonoscopy is a medical procedure that involves the examination of the colon using a flexible tube with a camera attached to it. This procedure allows doctors to visually inspect the inside of the colon for any abnormalities, such as polyps or signs of colorectal cancer. It is a commonly used diagnostic tool for detecting and preventing colon-related diseases. Other options listed, such as esophagoscopy, upper endoscopy, and gastroscopy, involve the examination of different parts of the digestive system and are not specifically related to the colon.

The suffix "-graph" means "a record or image." This suffix is commonly used in words such as "photograph" (a record of an image captured by a camera) and "electrocardiograph" (a machine that records the electrical activity of the heart). It is derived from the Greek word "graphos," which means "to write."

The word part "leuko" is derived from the Greek word "leukos," which means white. It is commonly used in medical terminology to refer to something white or colorless. Therefore, the correct answer is "leuko."

Colitis refers to the inflammation of the colon, which is the large intestine. This condition can be caused by various factors such as infection, autoimmune disorders, or inflammatory bowel disease. Hepatitis refers to the inflammation of the liver, while esophagitis refers to the inflammation of the esophagus. Therefore, colitis is the correct term for inflammation of the colon.

The prefix "hyper-" is used to indicate excessive or above normal levels of something. It is commonly used in medical terms to describe conditions that involve an excessive amount of a certain substance or activity. For example, "hypertension" refers to high blood pressure, where "hyper-" indicates an excessive level of pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is "excessive."

The suffix "spasm" refers to a sudden, involuntary muscle contraction. This means that the muscles contract without conscious control and can cause pain or discomfort. It is important to note that the other options, "puncture to remove fluid" and "hernia or protrusion," do not accurately describe the meaning of the suffix "spasm."

The correct answer is hemorrhage. Hemorrhage refers to the abnormal loss of blood from the circulation, which is consistent with the patient's condition of extensive and profuse bleeding due to multiple injuries in a severe car accident. Hematology refers to the study of blood and its disorders, while hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.

The word part "phagia" refers to swallowing.

The word part "-itis" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate inflammation. It is derived from the Greek word "itis" which means inflammation. Therefore, when a medical term ends with "-itis", it typically refers to a condition or disease characterized by inflammation. This suffix is widely recognized and used in medical terminology to describe various inflammatory conditions such as arthritis (inflammation of the joints), bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchial tubes), and tonsillitis (inflammation of the tonsils).

The prefix "contra-" is derived from the Latin word "contra," which means "against" or "opposite." Therefore, the statement that the prefix "contra" means against is correct. This prefix is commonly used in English to indicate opposition or contrast, such as in words like "contradict," "contrary," or "contraband."

The prefix "poly-" is derived from the Greek word "polys" which means "many" or "much". Therefore, it is correct to say that the prefix "poly-" means excessive or many.

The word part "tachy-" means fast, and "cardia" refers to the heart. Therefore, "tachycardia" means a fast heart rate. This statement is true.

The term hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver. This condition can be caused by various factors such as viral infections, alcohol abuse, or autoimmune diseases. Inflammation of the liver can lead to symptoms like jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, and liver dysfunction. It is important to diagnose and treat hepatitis early to prevent further complications and liver damage.

The correct answer is prefix because a prefix is a word part that is affixed at the beginning of a medical term. It is added before the word root to modify its meaning or create a new word. In this case, the word part "wors" is added at the beginning of a medical term, indicating that it is a prefix.

The word part "rhin/o" refers to the nose. It is commonly used in medical terms related to the nose, such as rhinoplasty (surgery to reshape the nose) or rhinitis (inflammation of the nose). Therefore, "rhin/o" is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the nose.

The word part "-logist" is used to indicate a person who studies or specializes in a particular field. It is derived from the Greek word "logos," which means "study" or "word." Therefore, the correct answer is "one who studies." This suffix is commonly used in various professions and disciplines, such as biologist, psychologist, and geologist.

The word part "nulli" means none. It is derived from the Latin word "nullus" which means none or not any. Therefore, "nulli" is the correct answer as it directly translates to none in English.

The statement "the word part primi- means none" is incorrect. The word part "primi-" actually means "first" or "first in importance." It is commonly used in words like "primitive" or "primordial" to indicate something that is original or ancient. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

The word part "path/o" refers to disease. This can be seen in medical terms such as pathology, which is the study of diseases, and pathogen, which is a disease-causing agent. Therefore, "path/o" is the correct answer as it specifically relates to disease.

Cholecystectomy is the correct answer because it refers to the surgical removal of the gallbladder. Cholelithiasis refers to the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder, not the surgical removal of it. Choledocholithotomy is the surgical removal of gallstones from the common bile duct, not the gallbladder itself. Therefore, cholecystectomy is the appropriate medical term for the surgical removal of the gallbladder.

Dyspnea refers to the medical term for difficulty in breathing. It is a common symptom of various respiratory and cardiovascular conditions, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and congestive heart failure. Dyspnea can manifest as shortness of breath, rapid breathing, or a feeling of suffocation. It is important to identify and address the underlying cause of dyspnea to provide appropriate treatment and improve the patient's breathing.

The term "pseudo-" is derived from the Greek word "pseudos" which means false or fake. It is commonly used as a prefix in English to indicate something that is not genuine or true. Therefore, the statement that the term "pseudo-" means false is correct.

The word part "-scope" is derived from the Greek word "skopein" which means "to look" or "to see". Therefore, "-scope" is used as a suffix to indicate an instrument or device used for viewing or examining something. Examples include microscope, telescope, endoscope, and stethoscope. This makes "-scope" the correct answer as it specifically refers to an instrument for viewing.

The combining form "phonia" refers to voice or sound. "Dysphonia" is a condition characterized by difficulty in producing voice sounds. "Electr/o" is a combining form that relates to electricity. Therefore, the correct answer is "phonia" as it directly relates to the concept of voice.

The word part "-emesis" refers to vomiting.

Pseudocyesis, also known as false pregnancy, is a rare condition where an individual experiences symptoms and signs of pregnancy, such as missed periods, weight gain, and even the feeling of fetal movement, despite not actually being pregnant. This condition is believed to be caused by psychological factors and hormonal imbalances. Therefore, the statement "Pseudocyesis is a term used to describe a rare condition in which a patient has signs and symptoms of pregnancy but there is no actual pregnancy" is true.

Constructed terms are medical terms that are made up of multiple word parts such as prefixes, word roots, and suffixes. These word parts are combined to create a term that has a specific meaning in the medical field. This allows healthcare professionals to communicate effectively and accurately about various medical conditions, procedures, and treatments. Constructed terms are essential in medical terminology as they provide a standardized way of describing and discussing medical concepts.

The prefix "dys-" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate difficulty or abnormality. It does not specifically mean "painful." However, many conditions that are described using the prefix "dys-" can indeed cause pain. Therefore, the statement "The prefix dys- means painful" is true in the sense that it can be associated with pain, but it is not the primary or exclusive meaning of the prefix.

The word part "-rrhea" is used to indicate excessive discharge.

The term pericarditis does not mean bleeding around the heart. Pericarditis refers to inflammation of the pericardium, which is the sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. It is not specifically related to bleeding. Therefore, the statement is false.

The word part "-sclerosis" refers to hardening. It is commonly used in medical terms to describe the abnormal hardening or thickening of tissues or structures in the body. Examples include atherosclerosis, which is the hardening of arteries due to the buildup of plaque, and scleroderma, a chronic autoimmune disease that causes hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues. Therefore, "-sclerosis" is the correct answer as it directly relates to the concept of hardening.

The word part "-dynia" is used to denote pain. It is commonly used in medical terminology to describe various types of pain, such as gastralgia (stomach pain) or cephalodynia (headache). This suffix helps to identify and classify different types of pain in medical terminology.

The term "-centesis" refers to a surgical procedure that involves puncturing a body cavity or organ with a needle or trocar to remove fluid or obtain a sample for diagnostic purposes. This term is commonly used in medical terminology to describe procedures such as amniocentesis (puncture of the amniotic sac to obtain fetal cells) or thoracentesis (puncture of the chest cavity to remove fluid from the pleural space). Therefore, the correct answer is "surgical puncture."

The suffix -penia is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate a decrease or deficiency in a specific element or component. In this case, the suffix -penia means an abnormal reduction in number. It is used to describe conditions where there is a decrease in the number of cells or components, such as leukopenia (reduced number of white blood cells) or thrombocytopenia (reduced number of platelets).

The word part "lith/o" refers to the concept of "stone." This can be seen in various medical terms such as "lithotomy" (surgical removal of a stone) or "lithotripsy" (crushing of a stone). Therefore, "stone" is the correct answer.

The word part "-ectomy" refers to the surgical removal or excision of a specific body part or organ. It does not mean surgical puncture or surgical repair. Therefore, the correct answer is "excision."

The word part "mast/o" is used to describe the surgical removal of the breast. This can be seen in medical terms such as mastectomy, which refers to the removal of the breast tissue. The term "mast/o" specifically relates to the breast, making it the appropriate choice for describing the surgical procedure of breast removal.

The term hematemesis actually refers to the act of vomiting blood, not excessive bile. Bile is a digestive fluid produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, while hematemesis specifically refers to the presence of blood in vomit. Therefore, the statement that hematemesis means vomiting excessive bile is incorrect.

The term "cardiology" has three word parts. "Cardio" refers to the heart, "logy" refers to the study or science of, and the connecting vowel "o" is used to make the word flow smoothly. Therefore, "cardiology" is a medical term that specifically refers to the study of the heart.

The statement "Megalo- means excessively growing" is false. The prefix "megalo-" actually means large or great, not excessively growing. This prefix is commonly used in medical terms to indicate an enlargement or increase in size, such as in the word "megalocephaly" which refers to an abnormally large head.