Medical Terminology Chapter 12: Urinary System Questions

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    The extraction of certain wastes from the blood stream, conversion of these materials to urine, and transport of urine from from the kidney via the ureters to the bladder for elimination is the function of what system?

    • Urinary
    • Digestion
    • Muscular
    • Skeletal
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About This Quiz

This quiz focuses on the urinary system, assessing knowledge of organs like kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. It evaluates understanding of their functions, including urine production and waste extraction, crucial for medical terminology studies.

Medical Terminology Chapter 12: Urinary System Questions - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    What organ serves as a reservoir for urine?

    • Ureter

    • Urethra

    • Kidneys

    • Urinary bladder

    Correct Answer
    A. Urinary bladder
    Explanation
    The urinary bladder serves as a reservoir for urine. It is a hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvis. When the kidneys filter waste material from the blood, urine is produced and stored in the bladder until it is eliminated from the body through the urethra. The bladder expands as it fills with urine and contracts when it is time to empty.

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  • 3. 

    Which organ serves as a passageway for urine to the outside of the body; and in the male conveys both urine and semen? 

    • Kidneys

    • Urinary bladder

    • Ureter

    • Urethra

    Correct Answer
    A. Urethra
    Explanation
    The urethra is the organ that serves as a passageway for urine to the outside of the body. In males, it also conveys semen. The kidneys filter waste products from the blood to produce urine, the urinary bladder stores urine, and the ureter transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder. However, only the urethra directly connects to the outside of the body and is responsible for the elimination of urine and semen.

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  • 4. 

    A muscular membranous sac that serves as a reservoir for urine is called?

    • Urethra

    • Ureter

    • Kidney

    • Bladder

    Correct Answer
    A. Bladder
    Explanation
    The bladder is a muscular membranous sac that serves as a reservoir for urine. It is responsible for storing urine until it is ready to be expelled from the body through the urethra. The bladder expands as it fills with urine and contracts when it is time to release the urine. It is an essential organ in the urinary system and plays a crucial role in the elimination of waste from the body.

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  • 5. 

    The outer layer of the kidney is called the?

    • Henle

    • Medulla

    • Hilum

    • Cortex

    Correct Answer
    A. Cortex
    Explanation
    The outer layer of the kidney is called the cortex. This is where the majority of the kidney's filtering and reabsorption processes occur. The cortex contains numerous nephrons, which are the functional units of the kidney responsible for filtering waste products and excess water from the blood. The cortex is also important for maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and regulating blood pressure.

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  • 6. 

    What organ produces urine and helps regulate and control body fluids?

    • Urinary bladder

    • Urethra

    • Kidneys

    • Ureters

    Correct Answer
    A. Kidneys
    Explanation
    The kidneys are responsible for producing urine and helping regulate and control body fluids. They filter waste and excess water from the blood, creating urine that is then stored in the urinary bladder before being eliminated through the urethra. The kidneys also play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of electrolytes, pH levels, and blood pressure in the body.

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  • 7. 

    The structural and functional unit of the kidney are called?

    • Ureter

    • Nephrons

    • Apex

    • Trigone

    Correct Answer
    A. Nephrons
    Explanation
    The correct answer is nephrons. Nephrons are the structural and functional units of the kidney. They are responsible for filtering the blood, reabsorbing necessary substances, and excreting waste products to form urine. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons, which consist of a glomerulus, a tubule, and associated blood vessels. The nephrons play a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance, regulating blood pressure, and removing metabolic waste from the bloodstream.

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  • 8. 

    Narrow muscular tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder are called?

    • Hilum

    • Urethra

    • Ureters

    • Bladder

    Correct Answer
    A. Ureters
    Explanation
    The narrow muscular tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder are called ureters. The ureters play a crucial role in the urinary system by carrying urine from the kidneys, where it is produced, to the bladder, where it is stored until it is expelled from the body. The ureters have smooth muscle tissue that contracts rhythmically to propel urine through the tubes.

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  • 9. 

    The malpighian corpuscle consists of _______________ and ______________ _______________? 

    • Cortex and distal tuble

    • Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule

    • Hilum and collecting tuble

    • Medulla and renal artery

    Correct Answer
    A. Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule
    Explanation
    The malpighian corpuscle consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. The glomerulus is a network of capillaries that filters blood and the Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtered fluid. Together, they play a crucial role in the filtration of blood and formation of urine in the kidneys.

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  • 10. 

    The external urinary opening is called?

    • Urinary meatus

    • Neck

    • Prostate

    • Uterus

    Correct Answer
    A. Urinary meatus
    Explanation
    The external urinary opening is called the urinary meatus. This is the opening through which urine is expelled from the body. The term "meatus" refers to a passage or opening, and "urinary" refers to the urinary system or the process of excreting urine. Therefore, the term "urinary meatus" accurately describes the external opening of the urinary system.

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  • 11. 

    What organ transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

    • Kidneys

    • Urinary bladder

    • Ureters

    • Urethra

    Correct Answer
    A. Ureters
    Explanation
    The ureters are the tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder. They are responsible for carrying the urine that has been filtered and produced by the kidneys to the bladder for temporary storage before it is eliminated from the body through the urethra. The kidneys filter waste products and excess water from the blood to produce urine, and the ureters play a crucial role in transporting this urine to the bladder.

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  • 12. 

    The inner portion of the kidney is called the?

    • Nephron

    • Hilum

    • Cortex

    • Medulla

    Correct Answer
    A. Medulla
    Explanation
    The inner portion of the kidney is called the medulla. The medulla is responsible for filtering and concentrating the urine produced by the nephrons, which are the functional units of the kidney. It is located deep within the kidney, surrounded by the cortex. The hilum, on the other hand, is a depression on the concave side of the kidney where the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter or exit the organ. Therefore, the correct answer is medulla.

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  • 13. 

    Urine is formed by the process of _____________ and ________________ in the nephron?

    • Collection, filtration

    • Filtration, reabsorption

    • Flow, discharge

    Correct Answer
    A. Filtration, reabsorption
    Explanation
    Urine is formed in the nephron through the process of filtration and reabsorption. Filtration occurs in the glomerulus, where blood is filtered to remove waste products and excess water. The filtrate then passes through the renal tubules, where reabsorption takes place. Reabsorption involves the selective reabsorption of water and essential substances back into the bloodstream, while waste products and excess substances are retained in the tubules to be excreted as urine. Therefore, the correct answer is filtration, reabsorption.

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  • 14. 

    What is the "notch" that allows the renal artery and vein, nerves and lymphatic vessels to enter and leave the kidney called?

    • Cortex

    • Nephron

    • Hilum

    • Medulla

    Correct Answer
    A. Hilum
    Explanation
    The "notch" that allows the renal artery and vein, nerves, and lymphatic vessels to enter and leave the kidney is called the hilum. The hilum is a concave area on the kidney's medial surface where these structures pass through. It is responsible for connecting the kidney to the rest of the urinary system and facilitating the flow of blood, nerves, and lymphatic vessels in and out of the organ.

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  • 15. 

    The sac like collecting portion of the kidney is called?

    • Trigone

    • Urinary bladder

    • Renal pelvis

    • Apex

    Correct Answer
    A. Renal pelvis
    Explanation
    The sac-like collecting portion of the kidney is called the renal pelvis. It is located at the top of the kidney and serves as a funnel-shaped structure that collects urine from the kidney and transports it to the ureter. The renal pelvis is an important component of the urinary system and plays a crucial role in the excretion of waste products from the body.

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  • 16. 

    Each nephron consists of_______________ ____________ and a _____________?

    • Renal cortex and medulla

    • Renal corpuscal and tubule

    • Renal capsule and cortex

    • Renal vein and ureter

    Correct Answer
    A. Renal corpuscal and tubule
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "renal corpuscal and tubule". Each nephron, the functional unit of the kidney, consists of a renal corpuscle and a tubule. The renal corpuscle filters blood and consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. The tubule then processes the filtered fluid, reabsorbing necessary substances and excreting waste products.

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  • 17. 

    An average of_________________ to ____________________ mL of urine is voided daily

    • 2000,2500

    • 25, 165

    • 500, 1500

    • 1000, 1500

    Correct Answer
    A. 1000, 1500
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 1000, 1500. This range suggests that on average, a person voids between 1000 to 1500 mL of urine daily.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 19, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Dec 09, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Phliproc
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