1.
__________ occurs when IT specialists within the company develop new system.
Correct Answer
A. Insourcing
Explanation
Insourcing occurs when IT specialists within the company develop new systems. This means that instead of hiring external contractors or outsourcing the task to another company, the company utilizes its own internal resources to handle the development process. This can be advantageous as it allows for greater control, coordination, and customization of the system to meet the company's specific needs. It also helps in fostering innovation and knowledge retention within the organization.
2.
The ______ is a structured step by step approach for developing information system.
Correct Answer
A. Systems development life cycle
Explanation
The systems development life cycle is a structured step-by-step approach for developing information systems. It encompasses various phases such as planning, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. This approach ensures that the development process is systematic and follows a logical sequence, allowing for efficient and effective creation of information systems. XP and Agile are specific methodologies within the systems development life cycle, but they are not the overall approach itself. Therefore, the correct answer is the systems development life cycle.
3.
The _____ phase of the SDLC involves determining a solid plan for developing your information system.
Correct Answer
A. Planning
Explanation
The planning phase of the SDLC is where a solid plan for developing the information system is determined. This phase involves gathering requirements, defining project scope, creating a timeline, and allocating resources. It is crucial to have a well-thought-out plan in order to ensure the success of the development process and to meet the needs and expectations of the stakeholders. Without proper planning, the development process may lack direction and face various challenges and setbacks.
4.
A(n) ________ is a factor critical to your organization's success.
Correct Answer
A. Critical success factor
Explanation
A critical success factor is a factor that is essential for the success of an organization. It refers to those key elements or variables that must be in place for an organization to achieve its objectives and goals. These factors are crucial as they directly contribute to the overall success and performance of the organization. They help in identifying the key areas that need to be focused on and prioritized in order to achieve success.
5.
________ document clearly defines the high level system requirements
Correct Answer
A. Project scope
Explanation
The project scope document clearly defines the high level system requirements. It outlines the boundaries, deliverables, and objectives of the project, providing a clear understanding of what needs to be achieved. This document helps stakeholders and team members align their expectations and ensures that everyone is on the same page regarding the project's goals and objectives. It acts as a reference point throughout the project, guiding decision-making and preventing scope creep, which is the tendency for project requirements to expand beyond their original scope.
6.
The _______ document is a written definition of the project scope and is usually no longer than a paragraph.
Correct Answer
A. Project scope
Explanation
The project scope document is a concise written description of the project's objectives, deliverables, and boundaries. It outlines the specific goals, requirements, and constraints of the project in a brief paragraph. This document serves as a guide for the project team and stakeholders to understand the project's purpose and what is included within its scope. It helps prevent feature creep by clearly defining what is in and out of scope. The project scope document is typically kept short to ensure clarity and avoid ambiguity.
7.
Sometimes the overall scope may change gradually. This is known as ________,
Correct Answer
A. Scope creep
Explanation
Scope creep refers to the gradual expansion or addition of requirements, features, or deliverables to a project beyond its original scope. It often occurs when there is poor project management or lack of control over changes. This can result in increased costs, delays, and potential negative impacts on the project's objectives.
8.
__________ occurs when developers add features that were not part of the initial requirements.
Correct Answer
A. Feature creep
Explanation
Feature creep refers to the phenomenon where developers add additional features to a project that were not originally part of the initial requirements. This can happen when developers receive feedback or suggestions from stakeholders during the development process, causing them to continuously add new features without proper consideration of the project's scope. Feature creep can lead to delays, increased costs, and a loss of focus on the project's original goals.
9.
The _______ defines the what, when and who questions of system development including all activities to be performed, the individuals, or resources, who will perform the activities and the time required to complete each activity.
Correct Answer
A. Project plan
Explanation
A project plan is a detailed document that outlines all the necessary information for system development. It includes the activities that need to be performed, the people or resources responsible for each activity, and the estimated time required for completion. This plan serves as a roadmap for the entire project, providing guidance and direction to ensure that all aspects of the system development process are properly executed.
10.
A(n) _______ is an individual who is an expert in project planning and management, defines and developes the project plan and tracks the plan to ensure all key project milestone are completed on time.
Correct Answer
A. Project manager
Explanation
A project manager is an individual who is responsible for project planning and management. They have expertise in defining and developing the project plan and ensuring that all key project milestones are completed on time. They play a crucial role in overseeing the project's progress, coordinating with team members, and ensuring that the project is executed successfully.
11.
_______ represents key dates for which you need a certain group of activities performed.
Correct Answer
A. Project milestone
Explanation
A project milestone represents key dates or events in a project for which a certain group of activities need to be performed. It is a significant point in the project timeline that marks the completion of a major deliverable or achievement. Project milestones help track progress, provide a sense of accomplishment, and allow for effective project management and communication. They are typically used to monitor and evaluate the project's progress and ensure that it is on track to meet its objectives.
12.
The ______ phase in the SDLC involves end users and IT speacialists working together to gather, understand, and document the business requirements for the proposed system.
Correct Answer
A. Analysis pHase
Explanation
The analysis phase in the SDLC involves end users and IT specialists working together to gather, understand, and document the business requirements for the proposed system. During this phase, the current system is studied, and the needs and objectives of the new system are identified. The analysis phase is crucial as it sets the foundation for the design and development of the system, ensuring that it meets the specific requirements of the business.
13.
________ are the detailed set of end-user requests that the system must meet to be successful.
Correct Answer
A. Business requirements
Explanation
Business requirements refer to the detailed set of end-user requests that the system must meet to be successful. These requirements are specific and detailed, outlining the needs and expectations of the business or organization. They serve as a guide for the design and development of the system, ensuring that it meets the desired objectives and goals. The business requirements provide a clear understanding of what the system should accomplish and serve as a foundation for the project scope and design phase.
14.
_______ is a session in which end users and IT speacialist meet to define and review business requirments.
Correct Answer
A. Join application development
Explanation
The session described in the question is a meeting between end users and IT specialists to define and review business requirements. This is commonly known as a "requirements gathering" session. The term "join application development" does not accurately describe this session, as it implies a specific phase in the development process rather than the gathering of requirements. The other options, such as "requirements definition document," "design phase," and "technical architecture," are not specific to the meeting described in the question.
15.
A(n) _______ document is used to prioritize the business requirements and place them in a fromal comprehensive document.
Correct Answer
A. Requirements definition document
Explanation
A requirements definition document is used to prioritize the business requirements and place them in a formal comprehensive document. This document helps in clearly defining and documenting the needs and expectations of the stakeholders, ensuring that all parties involved are on the same page. It serves as a guide for the project team and helps in making informed decisions regarding the development process.
16.
During the ______ phase of the SDLC you build a technical blue print of how the proposed system will work.
Correct Answer
A. Design
Explanation
During the design phase of the SDLC, a technical blueprint of how the proposed system will work is created. This involves identifying and defining the system requirements, designing the system architecture, and creating detailed specifications for the system components. The design phase focuses on translating the user requirements into a technical solution that can be implemented. It lays the foundation for the development and implementation phases of the SDLC.
17.
__________ defines the hardware, sofware, and the telecommunications equipment required to run the system.
Correct Answer
A. Technical architecture
Explanation
Technical architecture refers to the overall structure and organization of hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment necessary to support and operate a system. It defines the components, their relationships, and how they interact to fulfill the system's requirements. This includes hardware specifications, software platforms, network infrastructure, and other technical considerations. The technical architecture serves as a blueprint for building and maintaining the system, ensuring that all necessary components are in place and properly integrated.
18.
________ is the activitiy of drawing a graphical representation of a design.
Correct Answer
A. Modeling
Explanation
Modeling refers to the activity of creating a graphical representation or visual representation of a design. This can include creating 3D models, architectural blueprints, or even digital mockups. It helps designers and developers to better understand and communicate their ideas, as well as identify any potential issues or improvements before the actual implementation. Prototyping, testing, and planning are all important steps in the design process, but they do not specifically involve drawing a graphical representation like modeling does.
19.
During the _______ phase of the SDLC software is actually written
Correct Answer
A. Development
Explanation
During the development phase of the SDLC, software is actually written. This phase involves converting the design specifications into actual code by programmers. It is the stage where the software is built according to the requirements and functionalities outlined in the earlier stages. The development phase includes activities such as coding, debugging, and integration of different modules. This is the crucial step where the software is created and prepared for further testing and deployment.
20.
During the -_______ phase of the SDLC, the organization verifies that the new system works and meets all business requirements.
Correct Answer
A. Testing
Explanation
During the testing phase of the SDLC, the organization conducts various tests to ensure that the new system functions properly and fulfills all the business requirements. This phase involves testing the system's functionality, performance, security, and compatibility with other systems. It helps identify any issues or bugs that need to be fixed before the system is implemented. By verifying the system through rigorous testing, the organization can ensure that it meets all the necessary criteria and is ready for deployment.
21.
______ are the detailed steps the system must perform along with the expected results of each step.
Correct Answer
A. Test conditions
Explanation
Test conditions are the detailed steps the system must perform along with the expected results of each step. This involves setting up specific scenarios and inputs to test the functionality of the system. By defining test conditions, the tester can ensure that all aspects of the system are thoroughly tested and that the expected results are met. This helps in identifying any bugs or issues in the system and ensures that it meets the desired requirements and specifications.
22.
_______ testing focuses on the individual pieces of code within a new system.
Correct Answer
A. Unit test
Explanation
Unit testing focuses on testing the individual pieces of code within a new system. This type of testing is performed at the lowest level of the software development process and is used to ensure that each unit of code, such as a function or method, performs as expected. Unit tests are typically written by the developers themselves and are used to catch any errors or bugs in the code before it is integrated into the larger system.
23.
System ______ verifies that the units of a system function correctly when integrated into the total system
Correct Answer
A. Testing
Explanation
Testing is the process of evaluating a system or its component(s) with the purpose of finding whether it satisfies the specified requirements or not. In this context, testing is used to verify that the units of a system function correctly when integrated into the total system. It ensures that each unit of the system performs as expected and interacts properly with other units, ultimately contributing to the overall functionality and reliability of the system.
24.
_____ testing verfies that separate system can work together.
Correct Answer
A. Integration
Explanation
Integration testing verifies that separate systems can work together. This type of testing is performed to ensure that the individual components of a system, such as modules or subsystems, can function correctly when integrated with each other. It aims to identify any issues or defects that may arise due to the interaction between different components. By conducting integration testing, organizations can ensure that their systems are functioning as a cohesive unit and that all the integrated components are working properly together.
25.
_____ testing determines if a system meets the business requirements and enales end users to correctly perform their jobs.
Correct Answer
A. User acceptance
Explanation
User acceptance testing is the process of evaluating a system to determine if it meets the business requirements and enables end users to perform their jobs correctly. This type of testing involves end users testing the system in a real-world environment to ensure that it meets their needs and expectations. It helps to identify any issues or defects that may have been missed during development and ensures that the system is ready for deployment. User acceptance testing is an important step in the software development lifecycle to ensure that the system is usable and meets the needs of the end users.
26.
Users begin using the new system during the ______ phase of the SDLC
Correct Answer
A. Implementation
Explanation
During the implementation phase of the SDLC, users begin using the new system. This phase involves the actual development and installation of the system, including coding, testing, and deployment. Once the system is implemented, users can start using it to perform their tasks and achieve their goals. This phase is crucial as it marks the transition from the old system to the new one, and it allows users to experience the benefits and functionality of the new system.
27.
_______ highlights how to use the system.
Correct Answer
A. User documentation
Explanation
User documentation is a type of instructional material that provides guidance on how to use a system. It typically includes written instructions, diagrams, and examples to help users understand and navigate through the system's features and functionalities. User documentation is an effective way to highlight the step-by-step process of using the system, making it easier for users to learn and utilize its capabilities. Workshop training and pilot implementation may also provide guidance, but user documentation specifically focuses on explaining how to use the system.
28.
_______ is held in a classroom environment and lead by an instructor.
Correct Answer
A. Workshop training
Explanation
Workshop training is held in a classroom environment and led by an instructor. This type of training involves interactive sessions where participants learn new skills, acquire knowledge, and practice techniques. It provides a structured learning experience, allowing individuals to engage with the instructor and fellow participants, ask questions, and receive immediate feedback. Workshop training is often used to enhance professional development, improve job performance, and foster collaboration and teamwork among participants.
29.
_______ implementation has only a small group of people using the new system until you know it works correctly and then the remaing people are added to the system.
Correct Answer
A. Pilot implementation
Explanation
Pilot implementation is the correct answer because it refers to a small group of people using a new system to test its functionality and effectiveness before rolling it out to the rest of the users. This approach allows any issues or bugs to be identified and resolved before a full-scale implementation, ensuring a smoother transition and minimizing potential disruptions for a larger user base.
30.
______ implementation discards the old system completely and immediately uises the new system.
Correct Answer
A. Plunge
Explanation
The correct answer is "plunge". This term refers to an implementation strategy where the old system is completely discarded and the new system is immediately put into use. It implies a sudden and drastic change, without any gradual transition or coexistence of the old and new systems.
31.
The ______ phase of the SDLC involves monitioring an information system to be sure it meets business needs.
Correct Answer
A. Maintenance
Explanation
The maintenance phase of the SDLC involves monitoring an information system to be sure it meets business needs. During this phase, any issues or bugs in the system are identified and fixed, updates and improvements are made, and the system is continuously monitored to ensure it is functioning properly and meeting the requirements of the business. This phase is crucial for the long-term success and effectiveness of the information system.
32.
A group of people who responds to end users questions is called a(n) ________
Correct Answer
A. Help desk
Explanation
A group of people who responds to end users questions is called a help desk. They are responsible for providing technical support and assistance to end users, resolving their issues and answering their queries. The help desk team is typically equipped with the necessary knowledge and resources to troubleshoot and solve various technical problems faced by users. They play a crucial role in ensuring customer satisfaction and maintaining the smooth functioning of systems and services.
33.
_______ is a general approach to system development that focuses on building small self contained blocks of code that can be reused across a variety of applications within an organizationl.
Correct Answer
A. Component based development
Explanation
Component-based development is a general approach to system development that focuses on building small, self-contained blocks of code that can be reused across a variety of applications within an organization. This approach allows for greater flexibility and efficiency in software development, as developers can leverage existing components rather than building everything from scratch. By creating reusable components, organizations can save time and resources by reusing code and reducing redundancy. This approach also promotes modularization and flexibility, making it easier to maintain and update software systems.
34.
_______ emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system to accelerate the systems development process.
Correct Answer
A. Rapid application development
Explanation
Rapid application development (RAD) emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system to accelerate the systems development process. This approach focuses on quickly developing functional prototypes that can be tested and refined based on user feedback. It aims to reduce development time and increase customer satisfaction by involving users throughout the development process. RAD is characterized by iterative development, frequent user feedback, and the use of rapid prototyping tools and techniques.
35.
________ programming methodology breaks a project into tiny phases.
Correct Answer
A. Extreme program methodology
Explanation
Extreme programming methodology breaks a project into tiny phases. This approach emphasizes frequent communication and collaboration among team members, continuous testing and integration, and quick feedback loops. By breaking the project into small phases, it allows for incremental development and flexibility to adapt to changing requirements. This methodology promotes customer satisfaction and high-quality software development.
36.
_____ methodology, a form of XP , aims for customer satisfaction throug early and continuous delivery of useful software components.
Correct Answer
A. Agile
Explanation
Agile methodology, a form of XP, aims for customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery of useful software components. This approach emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and iterative development, allowing teams to quickly respond to changing requirements and deliver value to the customer in shorter timeframes. By breaking the development process into smaller, manageable increments, Agile methodology enables teams to gather feedback and make adjustments throughout the project, resulting in a higher likelihood of meeting customer expectations and delivering a successful product.
37.
A(n) ______ is a software architecture prespective that focuses on the development, use, and reuse of semall self contained blocks of code to meet all the application software needs of an organization.
Correct Answer
A. Service oriented architecture
Explanation
Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a software architecture perspective that focuses on the development, use, and reuse of small self-contained blocks of code to meet all the application software needs of an organization. SOA allows different software systems to communicate and interact with each other by providing and consuming services. These services are independent and can be combined and reused to build complex applications. SOA promotes modularity, flexibility, and interoperability, making it a suitable approach for organizations with diverse software needs. Component-based development, rapid application development, and self-sourcing are not specifically focused on the use of services for software development.
38.
______________ is the development and support of IT system by end users with little or no help from IT specialists.
Correct Answer
A. Self sourcing
Explanation
Self sourcing refers to the development and support of IT systems by end users without the assistance of IT specialists. This means that individuals within an organization take on the responsibility of creating and maintaining their own IT solutions, often using tools and resources that are readily available to them. Self sourcing can be a cost-effective and efficient way for organizations to meet their IT needs, as it empowers end users to take ownership of their technology requirements.
39.
Knowledge workers and end-users can develop their own computing systems. This process i referred to as ____________________
Correct Answer
A. End users development
Explanation
The given correct answer is "end users development." This refers to the process in which knowledge workers and end-users are able to develop their own computing systems. It implies that these individuals have the capability to create and customize their own software or applications according to their specific needs and requirements. This approach empowers users to take control of their computing systems and tailor them to their unique preferences, ultimately enhancing their productivity and efficiency.
40.
_______ are individualks who IT systems.
Correct Answer
A. Endusers
Explanation
End users are individuals who interact with IT systems. They are the individuals who use the software or hardware that has been developed. They are the final users of the system and their needs and preferences are taken into consideration during the development process. The end users play a crucial role in testing and providing feedback on the system, ensuring that it meets their requirements and is user-friendly.
41.
The main tools for self sourcing have been and continue to be ______ and _____ and Web development.
Correct Answer
A. Spreadsheets, databases
Explanation
The main tools for self-sourcing have been and continue to be spreadsheets and databases. Spreadsheets allow individuals to organize and analyze data in a structured manner, while databases provide a centralized storage system for large amounts of data. These tools are commonly used in self-sourcing because they enable individuals to independently collect, manage, and analyze data without relying on external sources. Web development, although mentioned in the question, is not directly related to self-sourcing and therefore not included in the correct answer.
42.
The _______ is the list of all systems that an organization needs to develop but because of the prioritization of systems development needs never get funded because of the lack of organizational resources.
Correct Answer
A. Invisible back log
Explanation
The invisible back log refers to the list of all systems that an organization needs to develop but are never funded due to the lack of organizational resources. These systems are often deprioritized and remain unseen or invisible, causing them to be left behind in the development process.
43.
______ is the process of building a model that demonstrates the features of proposed product, service, or system.
Correct Answer
A. Prototyping
Explanation
Prototyping is the process of building a model that demonstrates the features of a proposed product, service, or system. This involves creating a working prototype that allows stakeholders to visualize and interact with the product before it is fully developed. Prototyping helps to identify any design flaws or improvements that need to be made, and it allows for testing and feedback from users. It is an essential step in the product development process to ensure that the final product meets the desired requirements and expectations.
44.
________ is an iterative process in which a model of the niformation system is created from business requirements, demonstrated to end users, then refined and enhanced based on end user commments.
Correct Answer
A. Prototyping
Explanation
Prototyping is an iterative process where a model of the information system is created based on business requirements. This model is then demonstrated to end users, who provide feedback. The model is refined and enhanced based on these comments. This process allows for the development of a system that meets the needs of the end users and ensures that their requirements are properly incorporated into the final product.
45.
_______ prototype is used to prove the technical feasibility of a proposed system.
Correct Answer
A. Proof of concept
Explanation
A proof of concept prototype is used to demonstrate the technical feasibility of a proposed system. It allows stakeholders to see how the system would work in practice and assess its viability. This prototype helps to validate the underlying technology, identify potential issues, and gather feedback before committing to full-scale development. It is an essential step in the development process to ensure that the proposed system can be successfully implemented.
46.
________ prototype is used to convince people of the worth of a proposed system.
Correct Answer
A. Selling
Explanation
The term "selling" refers to the act of persuading or convincing someone to buy or invest in a product or idea. In the context of the question, a prototype is used as a tool to showcase the features and benefits of a proposed system, with the aim of convincing people of its worth. By demonstrating the functionality and potential of the system through the prototype, it becomes easier to "sell" the idea to stakeholders, investors, or potential users.
47.
______ is the delegation of specific work to a third party for a specified length of time at a specified cost and invites outsourcing organizations to submit bids for its development.
Correct Answer
A. Outsourcing
Explanation
Outsourcing is the correct answer because it involves delegating specific work to a third party for a specified length of time and cost. It also mentions that outsourcing organizations are invited to submit bids for the development of the work. This aligns with the definition and process of outsourcing, where companies contract external parties to handle certain tasks or functions.
48.
A(n) _________ is a formal document that describes in detail your logical requirements for a proposed system and invites outsourcing organizations to submit bids for its development.
Correct Answer
A. Request for proposal
Explanation
A request for proposal is a formal document that outlines the specific requirements for a proposed system and invites outsourcing organizations to submit bids for its development. This document serves as a detailed description of the logical requirements and expectations for the system, allowing potential outsourcing organizations to understand the scope of work and provide their proposed solutions and cost estimates. It is an essential step in the procurement process and helps ensure that the system development aligns with the organization's needs and objectives.
49.
A(n) ________ is a formal contractually obligated agreement between two parties.
Correct Answer
A. Service legal agreement
Explanation
A service legal agreement is a formal contractually obligated agreement between two parties. It outlines the terms and conditions that both parties must adhere to when providing or receiving services. This agreement ensures that both parties have a clear understanding of their rights, responsibilities, and obligations. It helps to establish a legally binding relationship and provides a framework for resolving any disputes that may arise during the course of the agreement.
50.
A(n)_______ is a formal contractual obligation agreement that defines the work to be done, the time frame, the metrics that will be used to measure the success of the systems development effots and the costs.
Correct Answer
B. Service level agreement
Explanation
A service level agreement is a formal contractual obligation agreement that defines the work to be done, the time frame, the metrics that will be used to measure the success of the systems development efforts, and the costs. It is a document that outlines the expectations and responsibilities of both parties involved in a service agreement, ensuring that there is a clear understanding of the services to be provided and the standards to be met.