Fall - Sample Rd Examination
The following exam is a sample examination with questions that are very similar to the actual RD exam. The focus of the exam is clinical questions-next semester we will practice again with food service, school nutrition and other topics!
- 1.
A dietitian who is counseling the mother of a child with eating difficulties has evaluated needs and decided on the best alternatives for feeding. The dietitian should next:
- A.
Evaluate the mother's level of comprehension
- B.
Instruct the mother in various feeding approaches
- C.
Obtain a list of the child's food preferences and typical eating patterns
- D.
Review with the mother the ways to implement the recommended feeding practices
Correct Answer
D. Review with the mother the ways to implement the recommended feeding practicesExplanation
The correct answer is D. For this question, follow the nutrition care process-you have completed assessment, diagnosis and now you are in the intervention component. Avoid answers with the words like "instruct". As dietitians it is all about involvement with the patient or family. Review implies that we included the mother in the process.Rate this question:
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- 2.
During a counseling session about lowering sodium, the client states " I have begun reading labels to identify the sodium content of foods" The client is in which of the following stages of change?
- A.
Pre-contemplation
- B.
Contemplation
- C.
Preparation
- D.
Action
Correct Answer
C. PreparationExplanation
Correct answer is C-preparation.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A patient had a pre-surgery serum albumin level of 3.7mg/dl and a post-surgery level of 3.1mg/dl. The dietitian should recognize that:
- A.
Lab error occurred
- B.
The patient has protein losing enteropathy
- C.
A decrease albumin level is normal after surgery
- D.
Patient has severe visceral protein storage depletion
Correct Answer
C. A decrease albumin level is normal after surgeryExplanation
the answer is C -it is normal to observe shifts in albumin levels post opRate this question:
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- 4.
A patient with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis has the following laboratory test results: BUN =50 mg/dl albumin=2.8g/dl and calcium 8mg/dl. What recommendations should the dietitian make to improve these lab values
- A.
Decrease fluid intake
- B.
Increase protein intake
- C.
Use a calcium supplement
- D.
Increase the amount of phosphate binders
Correct Answer
B. Increase protein intakeExplanation
Patient needs more protein to boost albumin levelsRate this question:
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- 5.
A patient who recently experienced a cerebral vascular accident has dysphagia. The first recommendation by the RD should be:
- A.
Initiate a tube feeding
- B.
Initiate small frequent feedings
- C.
Recommend a swallow study
- D.
Provide nectar thick liquids
Correct Answer
C. Recommend a swallow studyExplanation
Swallow study is the correct answer. This must be done before any of the other recommendations would be appropriateRate this question:
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- 6.
One month ago, a patient began receiving parenteral nutrition that delivers 2300 kcal per day. Since then, the patient has experienced unintentional weight gain. Which of the following formulas is the best choice?
- A.
1800ml of 25% dextrose and 5% amino acids plus 250ml of 20% lipids
- B.
1800ml of 20% dextrose and 5% amino acids plus 250ml of 20% lipids
- C.
1680ml of 25% dextrose and 5% amino acids plus 500ml of 20% lipids
- D.
1560ml of 20% dextrose and 5% amino acids plus 500ml of 20% lipids
Correct Answer
B. 1800ml of 20% dextrose and 5% amino acids plus 250ml of 20% lipidsExplanation
go with the formula -lower caloric intake by 500 calories a day-then calculate the calorie content of the choices. B is correctRate this question:
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- 7.
A morbidly obese, ventilator dependent ICU patient has end stage renal disease, diabetes, and sacral decubiti. The number one concern in the enteral feeding recommendations is:
- A.
Increased Protein
- B.
Adequate Calories
- C.
Increased Electrolytes
- D.
Lower carbohydrates
Correct Answer
B. Adequate CaloriesExplanation
The correct answer is B. Calories is correct -since the patient has endstage renal disease -adequate protein is best, not increased protein -but the body needs the correct amount of calories to recovery from illness.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the highest acceptable range for the dextrose infusion rate in adults on PN
- A.
4-6mg/kg/min
- B.
10-12mg/kg/min
- C.
2-3mg/kg/min
- D.
8-10mg/kg/min
Correct Answer
A. 4-6mg/kg/minExplanation
A is the correct answer. This is a straight forward "known fact" type questionRate this question:
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- 9.
What electrolytes are monitored in refeeding syndrome
- A.
Sodium, chloride and calcium
- B.
Potassium, phosphorous and magnesium
- C.
Bicarb, potassium and calcium
- D.
Sodium, zinc and manganese
Correct Answer
B. Potassium, pHospHorous and magnesiumExplanation
B is the correct answer--again a straight forward "known fact" questionRate this question:
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- 10.
A female patient with newly diagnosed diabetes is 65 inches tall and weighs 212 pounds. Exam and lab values reveal the following : BP level of 145/95 mmHg, fasting BG level of 150 mg/dl with a 2 hours post prandial glucose of < 200mg/dl and a cholesterol of 250 mg/dl. What is the dietitian’s first most appropriate intervention?
- A.
Counsel the client on the DASH diet
- B.
Advise the client to reduce their caloric intake
- C.
Educate the client on carb counting
- D.
Calculate a meal plan with very low carbohydrates
Correct Answer
C. Educate the client on carb countingExplanation
C is the correct answer. carb counting the key to this question is "newly diagnosed "Rate this question:
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- 11.
What is the correct nutrition diagnosis for a client who frequently eats in restaurants and has the following laboratory findings: BP 135/86 mmHg, fasting glucose 130mg/dl, total cholesterol 256 mg/dl, LDL cholesterol 192 mg/dl and HDL cholesterol 34 mg/dl?
- A.
Limited access to food
- B.
Excessive oral food/beverage intake
- C.
Impaired ability to prepare food/meals
- D.
Altered nutrition-related laboratory values
Correct Answer
D. Altered nutrition-related laboratory valuesExplanation
D altered nutrition related lab valuesRate this question:
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- 12.
To assess the adequacy of a patient’s tube feeding in meeting calorie needs, the dietitian should request
- A.
Albumin test
- B.
Transferrin test
- C.
Indirect calorimetry
- D.
Nitrogen balance study
Correct Answer
C. Indirect calorimetryExplanation
C Indirect calorimetery is the Gold standard!Rate this question:
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- 13.
A nurse reports that a tube feeding is causing a patient to have diarrhea. The patient has been on the same tube feed for six months prior to admission to the hospital. The first step the dietitian should take is:
- A.
Initiate PN
- B.
Change the tube feeding formula
- C.
Evaluate the medication list for new medications
- D.
Check for c difficile contamination.
Correct Answer
C. Evaluate the medication list for new medicationsExplanation
C is correct -especially since the enteral nutrition worked for 6 months then the diarrhea occurredRate this question:
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- 14.
To calculate the estimated calorie needs of a patient who is significantly underweight, the dietitian should use:
- A.
A. Actual body weight
- B.
B. Adjusted body weight
- C.
C. Desired body weight
- D.
D. Usual body weight
Correct Answer
A. A. Actual body weightExplanation
A-actual body weightRate this question:
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- 15.
A 53 year old obese male with a FBG=115 mg/dl has been diagnosed with pre-diabetes. The dietitian should focus first on which of the following nutrition interventions?
- A.
Increase protein intake
- B.
Increase fiber intake.
- C.
Weight loss.
- D.
Decrease carbohydrate intake.
Correct Answer
C. Weight loss.Explanation
Weight loss is the correct answer and the best choiceRate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following does not occur in diabetic ketoacidosis
- A.
Incomplete breakdown of fatty acids
- B.
Dehydration.
- C.
Decreased blood levels of counterregulatory hormones such as epinephrine.
- D.
Loss of bicarbonate buffer in the blood.
Correct Answer
C. Decreased blood levels of counterregulatory hormones such as epinepHrine.Explanation
straight forward pathophysiology knowledge. counterregulatory hormones increaseRate this question:
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- 17.
An adolescent diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, who is exhibiting growth retardation and skin lesions may also have a deficiency in:
- A.
Manganese
- B.
Selenium
- C.
Cobalt
- D.
Zinc
Correct Answer
D. ZincExplanation
Zinc-is the correct answerRate this question:
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- 18.
Which of the following vitamins is responsible for capillary integrity and wound healing such that a deficiency may result in reddish-purple spots around hair follicles
- A.
B12
- B.
Niacin
- C.
Riboflavin
- D.
Vitamin C
Correct Answer
D. Vitamin CExplanation
Vitamin C!Rate this question:
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- 19.
Spoon shaped nails or Koilonychia is associated with a deficiency of which of the following nutrients
- A.
Iron
- B.
Copper
- C.
Magnesium
- D.
Phosphorous
Correct Answer
A. IronExplanation
iron!Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which B vitamin is likely deficient in a patient with known chronic alcoholism
- A.
Calciferol
- B.
Retinol
- C.
Thiamin
- D.
Pyridoxine
Correct Answer
C. ThiaminExplanation
thiaminRate this question:
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- 21.
An individual status Roux- en-Y surgery weight loss, is craving ice and reports chewing larger quantities every day. What condition is most likely responsible for this behavior? What condition is likely responsible for this behavior?
- A.
Malnutrition
- B.
Iron deficiency
- C.
Oral fixation
- D.
Dehydration
Correct Answer
B. Iron deficiencyExplanation
Iron!Rate this question:
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- 22.
A patient with diabetic gastroparesis diet should avoid foods that are
- A.
High in simple sugars
- B.
Low in protein
- C.
Low in fiber
- D.
High in fat
Correct Answer
D. High in fatExplanation
fat is the correct answer--fat slows gastric emptying further compounding the issueRate this question:
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- 23.
A patient with dry, scaly skin and Bitot’s spots has the classical signs of a deficiency in
- A.
Vitamin D
- B.
Vitamin A
- C.
Vitamin K
- D.
Vitamin C
Correct Answer
B. Vitamin AExplanation
Vitamin ARate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following types of enteral nutrition is recommended for patients who will need enteral nutrition for more than 4 weeks after undergoing an esophagectomy?
- A.
Nasogastric
- B.
Gastrostomy
- C.
Jejunostomy
- D.
Nasojejunal
Correct Answer
C. JejunostomyExplanation
Jejunostomy--key is the type of surgery "esophagectomy"Rate this question:
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- 25.
What diet is typically recommended for a patient who has undergone a gastrectomy
- A.
Carbohydrate, protein and fat at each meal and no dairy products
- B.
Low-fiber foods and adequate fluids with meals
- C.
High-fiber food and restriction of fluids with meals
- D.
Carbohydrate, protein and fat at each meal, and restriction of fluids with meals.
Correct Answer
D. Carbohydrate, protein and fat at each meal, and restriction of fluids with meals.Explanation
D is the answer balanced diet and no fluid with the meals. The other restrictions are not needed.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A patient who receives bolus tube feedings experience abdominal distention shortly after feeding, most likely related to>
- A.
Feeding volume
- B.
Formula osmolarity
- C.
Formula osmolality
- D.
High fat content in feeding product
Correct Answer
A. Feeding volumeExplanation
A- the volume!Rate this question:
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- 27.
A patient has dysphagia. Which food meets the nectar consistency requirement in a diet
- A.
Pudding
- B.
Yogurt
- C.
Strained cream soup
- D.
Cherry jello
Correct Answer
C. Strained cream soupExplanation
C-soup is the best choiceRate this question:
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- 28.
Skinfold thickness would be most appropriate for which of the following population groups?
- A.
An 18 month old toddler with failure to thrive
- B.
A 36 year old elite athlete
- C.
A 54 year old male with significant weight loss
- D.
An 82 year old female with type 1 diabetes
Correct Answer
B. A 36 year old elite athleteExplanation
the athlete is the best answer--body composition is useful in identifying areas for performance improvementRate this question:
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- 29.
What key areas are assessed for fat loss during a nutrition focused physical examination?
- A.
Feet, scalp and triceps
- B.
Orbital area, triceps and ribs
- C.
Deltoids, gastricnemius and trapezius
- D.
Nail beds, eyes and lips
Correct Answer
B. Orbital area, triceps and ribsExplanation
B orbital area, triceps and ribsRate this question:
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- 30.
What is the formula for Respiratory Quotient?
- A.
0.8/0.7
- B.
PCO2/P02
- C.
VCO2/V02
- D.
HCO3/CO2
Correct Answer
C. VCO2/V02Explanation
VCO2/VO2Rate this question:
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- 31.
High doses of this herbal supplement will interfere with warfarin treatment
- A.
Kava kava
- B.
L-citrulline
- C.
Ginkgo Biloba
- D.
Beet juice
Correct Answer
C. Ginkgo BilobaExplanation
C- Ginkgo BilobaRate this question:
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- 32.
A food borne illness often associated with deli meats that has an onset time of 3 to 7 days, causing nausea, vomiting, headache, chills, backache and meningitis, with a high fatality in the immune compromised is:
- A.
Clostridium perfringens
- B.
Shigella
- C.
Staphlococcus aureous
- D.
Listeria moncytogenes
Correct Answer
D. Listeria moncytogenesExplanation
Listeria!!!Rate this question:
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- 33.
What areas of the body are assessed for muscle mass wasting during the NFPE?
- A.
Temporalis muscle, feet and mouth
- B.
Temporalis muscle, quadriceps and interosseous muscles
- C.
Scalp, mouth and gums
- D.
Temporalis muscle, feet and gums
Correct Answer
B. Temporalis muscle, quadriceps and interosseous musclesExplanation
B- temporalis, quads and interosseous musclesRate this question:
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- 34.
What is the RQ for a mixed fuel utilization?
- A.
0.7
- B.
0.83
- C.
1.00
- D.
1.04
Correct Answer
B. 0.83Explanation
0.83Rate this question:
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- 35.
A client is 65 inches and weighs 189 pounds, what is the BMI?
- A.
14
- B.
32
- C.
44
- D.
52
Correct Answer
B. 32Explanation
B--know these types of calculations!Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which of the following amino acids may be beneficial post burn injury
- A.
Leucine
- B.
Maltose
- C.
Arginine
- D.
Taurine
Correct Answer
C. ArginineExplanation
Arginine!Rate this question:
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- 37.
What is an example of a soluble fiber?
- A.
Resistant starch
- B.
Inulin
- C.
Lactose
- D.
Palm kernel oil
Correct Answer
B. InulinExplanation
inulinRate this question:
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- 38.
Which enteral feeding product would you recommend for a patient who is sedated and ventilated due to complications of the flu and pneumonia
- A.
Peptamen or elemental
- B.
Jevity or fiber containing
- C.
Impact- a specialty product
- D.
Ensure-oral supplement
Correct Answer
B. Jevity or fiber containingExplanation
B-Jevity will work fineRate this question:
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- 39.
Which medication requires enteral nutrition to be held during its administration?
- A.
Ibuprofen
- B.
Dilantin
- C.
Tylenol suspension
- D.
Neutraphos
Correct Answer
B. DilantinExplanation
Dilantin!Rate this question:
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- 40.
A dietitian can best evaluate a client's knowledge and ability to apply dietary modification by asking the client to:
- A.
Name five foods to avoid
- B.
Explain the new diet restrictions
- C.
Select an appropriate meal from the hospital menu
- D.
List all foods to avoid from memory
Correct Answer
C. Select an appropriate meal from the hospital menuExplanation
C--select foods from the menuRate this question:
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- 41.
A client can not speak English. The client's first language is Spanish. The dietitian needs to provide nutrition education on a low sodium diet. What is the best choice to provide the needed education?
- A.
Talk to a family member who knows the client and speaks both languages
- B.
Use a hospital based interpreter
- C.
Inform the physician that you are unable to speak the language and refer patient to a specialist
- D.
Ask a colleague who speaks some Spanish to help with the education
Correct Answer
B. Use a hospital based interpreterExplanation
the correct answer is use the interpreter --no matter what happens in real life!Rate this question:
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- 42.
The ASPEN/AND malnutrition criteria use handgrip strength calipers. If the dietitian did not have the calipers, what other information is available to you to help you assess functional status?
- A.
Nothing you have to use the calipers
- B.
Lange skinfold calipers
- C.
A firm handshake or ability to feed themselves
- D.
Skip that part of the assessment since it isn't useful
Correct Answer
C. A firm handshake or ability to feed themselvesExplanation
C-firm handshake works!Rate this question:
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- 43.
Which food is acceptable on a pureed nectar thick liquid diet?
- A.
Vegetable soup
- B.
Ice cream
- C.
Compleat enteral product
- D.
Canned peaches cut up into bite size pieces
Correct Answer
C. Compleat enteral productExplanation
C-Compleat enteral product-know the enteral products!Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which enteral product is the best choice for a patient diagnosed with pancreatitis
- A.
Jevity or a fiber containing formula
- B.
Peptamen or an elemental formula
- C.
NPO
- D.
TPN
Correct Answer
B. Peptamen or an elemental formulaExplanation
elemental !Rate this question:
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- 45.
Which is the best advice for an individual with chronic lung disease like COPD or Cystic Fibrosis to increase intake
- A.
Drink lots of liquids to thin the mucous production
- B.
Consume six small meals that are energy and nutrient dense
- C.
Use margarine instead of butter
- D.
Nocturnal TPN
Correct Answer
B. Consume six small meals that are energy and nutrient denseExplanation
B-Six small mealsRate this question:
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- 46.
A dietitian should consider the absorption of which nutrient associated with peritoneal dialysis.
- A.
Potassium
- B.
Carbohydrates
- C.
Protein
- D.
Fat soluble vitamins
Correct Answer
B. CarbohydratesExplanation
Dextrose is used in the dialysis solution for osmosis in order to pull the electrolytes and protein out of the peritoneal fluid.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Which of the following food choices is the most appropriate for a vegan
- A.
Rice milk
- B.
Almond milk
- C.
Whole milk
- D.
Fortified soy milk
Correct Answer
D. Fortified soy milkExplanation
D-fortified soy milkRate this question:
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- 48.
What are contraindications with the soy oil based fat emulsions used in the US for TPN?
- A.
Out of date compared with Europe's fat emulsions
- B.
Always out of stock
- C.
Increase triglyceride levels
- D.
If the patient is allergic to eggs or soy then this type of fat can't be used in the TPN
Correct Answer
D. If the patient is allergic to eggs or soy then this type of fat can't be used in the TPNExplanation
D-allergies to soy and eggs-Rate this question:
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- 49.
An adult client has a BMI of 24. According the CDC, this BMI is classified as:
- A.
Obese
- B.
Normal weight
- C.
Obese Class III
- D.
Overwieght
Correct Answer
B. Normal weightExplanation
B-normal weightRate this question:
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- 50.
A 42 year old female who is 70 inches tall - needs how many grams of protein a day?
- A.
70
- B.
100
- C.
50
- D.
60
Correct Answer
D. 60Explanation
Answer is 60 gms of protein a dayRate this question:
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Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Dec 05, 2017Quiz Created by
Libbytenison
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