7th Grade End Of Units Test December 13th 2017

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7th Grade End Of Units Test December 13th 2017 - Quiz

Questions and Answers

1.

Where is DNA found in a bacterial cell?
- A.
  
  In a bacterial cell DNA is found in the cytoplasm.
- B.
  
  In a bacterial cell DNA is found in the nucleus.
- C.
  
  In a bacterial cell DNA is found in the nucleolus.
- D.
  
  In a bacterial cell DNA is found in the centrosomes.
Correct Answer
A. In a bacterial cell DNA is found in the cytoplasm.

Explanation
In a bacterial cell, DNA is found in the cytoplasm. Unlike eukaryotic cells, bacterial cells do not have a nucleus. Instead, their genetic material is found freely floating in the cytoplasm. This is because bacteria are prokaryotes, which are simpler organisms compared to eukaryotes. The cytoplasm of a bacterial cell contains all the necessary components for cellular processes, including the DNA that carries the genetic information of the organism. Therefore, the correct answer is that DNA is found in the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell.

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2.

Cell theory states:
- A.
  
  • All living things are composed of cells. • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. • All cells are made from other cells.
- B.
  
  • All animals are composed of cells. • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. • Cells are made from living and non-living matter.
- C.
  
  • All plants and animals are composed of cells. • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. • Cells are made from living and non-living matter.
- D.
  
  • Not all living things are composed of cells. • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in plants and animals, not bacteria. • All cells are made from other cells.
Correct Answer
A. • All living things are composed of cells. • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. • All cells are made from other cells.

Explanation
The given answer is correct because it accurately states the three main principles of the cell theory. According to the cell theory, all living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms. Additionally, the theory states that all cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division. This answer aligns with these principles and accurately summarizes the cell theory.

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3.

Which scientist concluded that all animals were made of cells?
- A.
  
  Theodor Schwann concluded that all animals are made up of cells.
- B.
  
  Matthias Schleiden concluded that all animals are made up of cells.
- C.
  
  Rudolf Virchow concluded that all animals are made up of cells.
- D.
  
  Robert Remak concluded that all animals are made up of cells.
Correct Answer
A. Theodor Schwann concluded that all animals are made up of cells.

Explanation
The correct answer is Theodor Schwann. He concluded that all animals are made up of cells.

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4.

Which scientist concluded all plants are made of cells?
- A.
  
  Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are made of cells.
- B.
  
  Theodor Schwann concluded that all plants are made of cells.
- C.
  
  Rudolf Virchow concluded that all plants are made of cells.
- D.
  
  Robert Remak concluded that all plants are made of cells.
Correct Answer
A. Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are made of cells.

Explanation
Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are made of cells. This conclusion is based on his extensive research and observations of plant tissues. Schleiden's work laid the foundation for the cell theory, which states that all living organisms are composed of cells. He specifically focused on plant cells and was able to identify their key characteristics and functions. Through his research, Schleiden demonstrated that cells are the fundamental building blocks of plants and that they are responsible for their growth and development. His findings revolutionized the field of biology and our understanding of the structure and function of plants.

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5.

The green color pigment found in chloroplasts of plants is called______________
- A.
  
  Chlorophyll
- B.
  
  Peroxisomes
- C.
  
  Ribosomes
- D.
  
  Eukaryotes
Correct Answer
A. ChloropHyll

Explanation
Chlorophyll is the correct answer because it is the green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants. It is essential for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy and uses it to synthesize carbohydrates, providing energy for the plant. It is responsible for the green color of leaves and is crucial for plant growth and development.

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6.

Jane Goodall spent countless hours among the chimpanzees doing scientific research. In her research, Jane learned that chimpanzees use stems or long blades of grass as tools to “fish” out a tasty meal from termite mounds. How did Jane learn this about the chimpanzees? This qualitative research is based on Jane following the chimpanzees, taking notes and making careful _______________
- A.
  
  Observations
- B.
  
  Inferences
- C.
  
  Predictions
- D.
  
  Models
Correct Answer
A. Observations

Explanation
Jane Goodall learned about the chimpanzees' use of tools through her observations. She spent countless hours with the chimpanzees, closely watching their behavior and taking notes. Through her careful observations, she was able to gather data and evidence that supported the understanding that chimpanzees use stems or long blades of grass as tools to "fish" out food from termite mounds. This qualitative research method of observing and documenting behavior is a crucial aspect of scientific research.

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7.

What is meant by saying that a hypothesis is testable?
- A.
  
  Experimenters gather evidence that either supports or disproves the hypothesis.
- B.
  
  Experimenters construct models that can repeat the process.
- C.
  
  The hypothesis must have questions for further study.
- D.
  
  The outcome of the test must be related to the hypothesis.
Correct Answer
A. Experimenters gather evidence that either supports or disproves the hypothesis.

Explanation
A testable hypothesis is one that can be tested through experimentation or observation. Experimenters gather evidence to either support or disprove the hypothesis, which means that they collect data and analyze it to see if it aligns with the predictions made by the hypothesis. This process allows for the evaluation of the hypothesis's validity and helps to determine if it accurately explains the observed phenomenon.

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8.

In an experiment, what is: the manipulated (independent) variable?
- A.
  
  The factor being tested in the experiment.
- B.
  
  The variable that responds to the factor being tested.
- C.
  
  The variable that is controlled.
- D.
  
  The variable that is dependent on the factor being tested.
Correct Answer
A. The factor being tested in the experiment.

Explanation
The manipulated (independent) variable is the factor being tested in the experiment. This variable is intentionally changed or manipulated by the researcher in order to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

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9.

Identify the correct steps to making a wet mount slide:
- A.
  
  Lay the slide specimen flat on the center of a clean glass slide. With an eyedropper, add one drop of water to the specimen. Place the cover slip on top of the water drop by slowly lowering it with a toothpick at an angle. This helps prevent air bubbles from getting trapped under the cover slip. Place the edge of a paper towel against one edge of the cover slip and pull the excess water out of the cover slip.
- B.
  
  Lay the slide specimen flat on a slide. With an toothpick, add one drop of vaseline to the specimen. Place the cover slip on top of the vaseline by slowly lowering it with a toothpick at an angle. This helps prevent air bubbles from getting trapped under the cover slip. Place the edge of a paper towel against one edge of the cover slip and pull the excess vaseline out of the cover slip.
- C.
  
  Lay the specimen flat on a glass slide. With an toothpick, add one drop of iodine to the specimen. Place the cover slip on top of the iodine by slowly lowering it with a toothpick at an angle. This helps prevent air bubbles from getting trapped under the cover slip. Place the edge of a paper towel against one edge of the cover slip and pull the excess iodine out of the cover slip.
- D.
  
  Lay the slide specimen flat on the edge of a clean glass slide. Add one drop of water and one drop of iodine to the specimen. Place the cover slip on top of the water drop by slowly lowering it with a toothpick at an angle. This helps prevent air bubbles from getting trapped under the cover slip. Place the edge of a paper towel against one edge of the cover slip and pull the excess water and iodine out of the cover slip.
Correct Answer
A. Lay the slide specimen flat on the center of a clean glass slide. With an eyedropper, add one drop of water to the specimen. Place the cover slip on top of the water drop by slowly lowering it with a toothpick at an angle. This helps prevent air bubbles from getting trapped under the cover slip. Place the edge of a paper towel against one edge of the cover slip and pull the excess water out of the cover slip.

Explanation
The correct answer is the first option: Lay the slide specimen flat on the center of a clean glass slide. With an eyedropper, add one drop of water to the specimen. Place the cover slip on top of the water drop by slowly lowering it with a toothpick at an angle. This helps prevent air bubbles from getting trapped under the cover slip. Place the edge of a paper towel against one edge of the cover slip and pull the excess water out of the cover slip. This method follows the correct steps for making a wet mount slide, which involves placing the specimen on a glass slide, adding water, and carefully placing the cover slip to avoid air bubbles. The excess water is then removed with a paper towel.

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10.

What are cells?
- A.
  
  Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
- B.
  
  Cells are tiny structures filled with empty spaces.
- C.
  
  Cells are the basic units of living things.
- D.
  
  Cells are animalcules, tiny moving organisms.
Correct Answer
A. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.

Explanation
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. This means that all living organisms are made up of cells, and cells are responsible for carrying out the necessary functions for life. Cells are the building blocks of life and are involved in processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism. Without cells, living things would not be able to exist or function properly.

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11.

What are predictions based on?
- A.
  
  Predicting is forecasting based on past experience or evidence.
- B.
  
  Predicting is guessing the data measurements.
- C.
  
  Predicting is making a hypothesis.
- D.
  
  Predicting is evaluating the evidence and outcome of testing.
Correct Answer
A. Predicting is forecasting based on past experience or evidence.

Explanation
Predictions are based on past experience or evidence. When making a prediction, one uses their knowledge of previous events or information to forecast an outcome or make an educated guess about future events. This involves analyzing patterns, trends, and data from the past to make an informed prediction about what will happen in the future. By considering past experiences and evidence, predictions can be made with a certain level of confidence and accuracy.

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12.

What is an observation?
- A.
  
  Information gathered by ones senses.
- B.
  
  A way of thinking and reasoning.
- C.
  
  Information gathered through research.
- D.
  
  Information gathered through sampling.
Correct Answer
A. Information gathered by ones senses.

Explanation
An observation refers to the process of gathering information through one's senses. It involves using our sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell to collect data about the world around us. This method allows us to directly perceive and gather information about objects, events, or phenomena, providing us with firsthand knowledge. It is a fundamental and essential aspect of scientific inquiry and research.

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13.

What is classifying?
- A.
  
  Classifying is the process or grouping together things that are alike in some way.
- B.
  
  Classifying is creating models representing complex ideas or objects.
- C.
  
  Classifying is predicting what will happen in an experiment.
Correct Answer
A. Classifying is the process or grouping together things that are alike in some way.

Explanation
Classifying refers to the process of grouping together things that share similarities or common characteristics. It involves categorizing items or concepts based on their shared traits or properties. This process helps in organizing and understanding information by identifying patterns or relationships among different elements. Classifying is not about creating models or predicting outcomes, but rather about organizing and categorizing based on similarities.

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14.

What is inferring?
- A.
  
  To explain or interpret observations.
- B.
  
  To predict based on observations.
- C.
  
  To find evidence supporting an observation.
- D.
  
  To give a hypothesis.
Correct Answer
A. To explain or interpret observations.

Explanation
Inferring refers to the process of explaining or interpreting observations. It involves drawing conclusions or making deductions based on the available evidence or information. This can be done by analyzing the data, making logical connections, and drawing reasonable explanations for the observed phenomena. Inferring helps in understanding the underlying meaning or significance of the observations and can lead to further insights or predictions.

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15.

What is skepticism?
- A.
  
  Skepticism is having an attitude of doubt.
- B.
  
  Skepticism is honesty, reporting the true outcomes of experiments and testing.
- C.
  
  Skepticism is an eagerness to learn and be curious.
- D.
  
  Skepticism is being open-minded, or capable of accepting new and different ideas.
Correct Answer
A. Skepticism is having an attitude of doubt.

Explanation
Skepticism is the attitude of doubt, which means questioning and not accepting information or beliefs without evidence or proof. It involves critically examining claims and being cautious before accepting them as true. Skeptics value evidence and rational thinking, and they are not easily swayed by emotions or personal biases. They seek to understand and evaluate arguments and claims objectively, promoting the use of critical thinking and skepticism as a tool for acquiring knowledge and understanding the world.

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16.

Why are models important to use?
- A.
  
  Help to understand by representing objects or processes that are complex.
- B.
  
  Help to learn through building.
- C.
  
  Help to share information.
- D.
  
  Help to teach and learn about objects and processes.
- E.
  
  All of these.
Correct Answer
E. All of these.

Explanation
Models are important to use because they help us understand complex objects or processes by representing them in a simplified manner. They also aid in the learning process by allowing us to build and manipulate them, which enhances our understanding. Additionally, models are a useful tool for sharing information and teaching others about objects and processes. Therefore, all of these reasons make models important to use.

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17.

An explanation of how nature works.
- A.
  
  Theory
- B.
  
  Conclusion
- C.
  
  Law
- D.
  
  Hypothesis
Correct Answer
A. Theory

Explanation
A theory is an explanation of how nature works that is based on evidence and observations. It is a well-substantiated and widely accepted explanation that has been tested and confirmed through experiments and observations. Unlike a hypothesis, which is a proposed explanation that is yet to be tested, a theory is supported by a large body of evidence and has been repeatedly tested and confirmed. Therefore, a theory is the most appropriate term to describe an explanation of how nature works.

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18.

A factor that may change in response to the test factor.
- A.
  
  Variable
- B.
  
  Independent variable
- C.
  
  Dependent variable
- D.
  
  Data
Correct Answer
C. Dependent variable

Explanation
A dependent variable is a factor that may change in response to the test factor or the independent variable. In an experiment, the independent variable is manipulated or controlled by the researcher, and the dependent variable is the outcome or result that is measured or observed. The dependent variable is dependent on the independent variable, meaning that it is influenced or affected by the independent variable. Therefore, the correct answer is dependent variable.

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19.

An isolated factor to test the suggested problem solution.
- A.
  
  Data
- B.
  
  Independent variable
- C.
  
  Variable
- D.
  
  Dependent variable
Correct Answer
B. Independent variable

Explanation
The given correct answer is "Independent variable." In experimental research, an independent variable is a factor that is manipulated or controlled by the researcher to test its effect on the dependent variable. It is independent because it is not influenced by any other variables in the experiment. The independent variable is the cause or predictor variable, while the dependent variable is the outcome or response variable that is measured or observed.

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20.

In testing, measurements are:
- A.
  
  Constant
- B.
  
  Observations
- C.
  
  Variable
- D.
  
  Data
Correct Answer
D. Data

Explanation
In testing, measurements refer to the collection of data. Data is a set of values or observations that are obtained during the testing process. These values can be numerical or qualitative and are used to analyze and evaluate the performance, functionality, and quality of the system or software being tested. Therefore, the correct answer is "Data."

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21.

Steps to follow when testing.
- A.
  
  Experiment
- B.
  
  Procedure
- C.
  
  Control
- D.
  
  Theory
Correct Answer
B. Procedure

Explanation
The given answer "Procedure" is correct because when testing, it is important to have a well-defined and systematic procedure in place. This involves following a set of steps or instructions to carry out the experiment or test. A clear procedure helps ensure consistency and accuracy in the testing process, allowing for reliable results to be obtained. It also helps to eliminate any potential bias or errors that may occur if the testing is not done in a standardized manner.

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22.

What is a law?
- A.
  
  A statement that describes nature
- B.
  
  A statement that answers questions
- C.
  
  A statement that describes outcomes
- D.
  
  A statement that describes results
Correct Answer
A. A statement that describes nature

Explanation
A law is a statement that describes nature, meaning it is a general principle or rule that explains how things in the natural world behave or interact. Laws are based on observations and experiments and are used to predict and understand the behavior of various phenomena. They provide a framework for understanding the fundamental principles and processes that govern the world around us.

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23.

Which statement is true of bacterial cells?
- A.
  
  Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus.
- B.
  
  Bacterial cells are larger than plant or animal cells.
- C.
  
  Bacterial cells have a cell wall and a cell membrane.
- D.
  
  Bacterial cells do not have a genetic material.
Correct Answer
A. Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus.

Explanation
Bacterial cells do not have a nucleus. This is because they are prokaryotic cells, which means they lack a distinct nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Instead, their genetic material is found in a region called the nucleoid, which is not enclosed by a membrane. The absence of a nucleus allows for a simpler and more efficient structure, allowing bacteria to reproduce and adapt quickly.

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24.

A friend claims that a stainless steel water bottle is better at keeping cool water cool longer than a plastic water bottle because the stainless steel insulates the cool temperature of the water. What kind of data do you need to collect to carry out this experiment?
- A.
  
  Changes in the water temperature over time.
- B.
  
  The difference in melting points between stainless steel vs. plastic.
- C.
  
  Changes in the weather.
- D.
  
  Changes in the moisture in the room.
Correct Answer
A. Changes in the water temperature over time.

Explanation
To determine whether a stainless steel water bottle is better at keeping cool water cool longer than a plastic water bottle, the most relevant data to collect would be changes in the water temperature over time. By measuring the temperature of the water in both bottles at regular intervals, we can compare how quickly each bottle allows the water to warm up. This data will provide evidence to support or refute the friend's claim about the insulating properties of stainless steel. The other options, such as melting points, weather changes, and moisture in the room, are not directly related to the cooling performance of the bottles.

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25.

Give an example of an inference you made or could have made when examining the onion skin slides?
- A.
  
  The onion skin cells line up straight.
- B.
  
  The nucleus of the onion skin cells can be identified because they look the same in each cell.
- C.
  
  The onion skin cells are all the same shapes.
- D.
  
  All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.

Explanation
The given answer "All of the above" is correct because all the statements mentioned are inferences that can be made when examining the onion skin slides. The first statement suggests that the onion skin cells line up straight, indicating a uniform arrangement. The second statement implies that the nucleus in each cell has a consistent appearance, making it identifiable. The third statement states that all the onion skin cells have the same shapes. Therefore, all three statements are valid inferences that can be made when examining the onion skin slides.

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26.

One day, while watching the chimpanzees, Jane Goodall saw something peculiar. She watched as a chimpanzee looked into a hollow in a tree. The chimp picked off a handful of leaves from the tree and chewed on them. Then the chimp took the leaves out of its mouth and pushed the leaves into the tree hollow. When the chimp pulled the leaves back out, Jane saw the leaves sparkled with a gleam of water. The chimp then put the leaves back in its mouth.What was the chimp doing? How did Jane think through this experience?
- A.
  
  The chimp was getting water by creating a leaf sponge. Jane observed the chimp then reasoned why the chimp acted as it did. Jane inferred, explained the meaning behind the observation.
- B.
  
  The chimp is hiding the leaf like squirrels hide tree nuts. Jane observed the chimp then based on observation, classified its behavior as part of a pattern.
- C.
  
  The chimp was using his saliva, wetting the leaf to make it sponge. Jane observed the chimp then reasoned why the chimp acted as it did. Jane inferred, explained the meaning behind the observation.
- D.
  
  The chimp was sponging water from a nearby pond. Jane observed the chimp then reasoned why the chimp acted as it did. Jane inferred, explained the meaning behind the observation.
Correct Answer
A. The chimp was getting water by creating a leaf sponge. Jane observed the chimp then reasoned why the chimp acted as it did. Jane inferred, explained the meaning behind the observation.

Explanation
The correct answer is that the chimp was getting water by creating a leaf sponge. Jane observed the chimp's behavior and then used her reasoning skills to understand why the chimp acted in this way. She made an inference and explained the meaning behind the observation.

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27.

If the ocular lens has a power of 40X and the objective you are using has a power of 10X, what is your power of magnification?
- A.
  
  The magnification is 40X
- B.
  
  The magnification is 400X
- C.
  
  The magnification is 20X
- D.
  
  The magnification is 100X
Correct Answer
B. The magnification is 400X

Explanation
The power of magnification is determined by multiplying the power of the ocular lens by the power of the objective lens. In this case, the ocular lens has a power of 40X and the objective lens has a power of 10X. Multiplying these two powers together gives us a magnification of 400X.

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28.

If you are looking at the "e" through the microscope and you push your slide to the right, which way does the e in the microscope move?
- A.
  
  It moves to the right.
- B.
  
  It moves to the left.
- C.
  
  It moves away from you.
- D.
  
  It moves toward you.
Correct Answer
B. It moves to the left.

Explanation
When looking at an object through a microscope, the image appears inverted. This means that if you push the slide to the right, the image of the "e" will appear to move to the left in the microscope.

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29.

If you push the slide away from you, which way does the letter 'e' in the microscope move?
- A.
  
  It moves to the right.
- B.
  
  It moves to the left.
- C.
  
  It moves away from you.
- D.
  
  It moves toward you.
Correct Answer
D. It moves toward you.

Explanation
When you push the slide away from you, the letter 'e' in the microscope appears to move toward you. This is because the slide is being moved in the opposite direction of your observation point. As a result, objects on the slide, including the letter 'e', will appear to move in the opposite direction as well.

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30.

This slide shows a cross section of onion skin cells.Choose the answer that correctly identifies two parts of the onion skin cell that are visible in this slide.
- A.
  
  The cell wall and nucleus are easily visible.
- B.
  
  The cell membrane and nucleus are easily visible.
- C.
  
  The cell wall and mitochondria are easily visible.
- D.
  
  The cell membrane and nucleolus are easily visible.
Correct Answer
A. The cell wall and nucleus are easily visible.

Explanation
In this slide, the two parts of the onion skin cell that are easily visible are the cell wall and the nucleus. The cell wall is the outermost layer of the cell and provides support and protection. The nucleus is the control center of the cell and contains the DNA. Both of these structures can be clearly seen in the cross section of the onion skin cells.

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31.

To run a test or trial to show cause and effect.
- A.
  
  Theory
- B.
  
  Process
- C.
  
  Experiment
- D.
  
  Control
Correct Answer
C. Experiment

Explanation
An experiment is a systematic process used to test a hypothesis or validate a theory. It involves manipulating variables and observing the outcomes to determine cause and effect relationships. By conducting an experiment, one can gather empirical evidence to support or refute a theory. This process allows for controlled conditions and the ability to replicate the experiment to ensure reliable results. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is "Experiment."

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32.

A suggested solution to a problem question.
- A.
  
  Theory
- B.
  
  Hypothesis
- C.
  
  Conclusion
- D.
  
  Data
Correct Answer
B. Hypothesis

Explanation
The correct answer is "Hypothesis". In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. It is based on prior knowledge and observations and serves as a starting point for further investigation and experimentation. The hypothesis is then tested through experiments and data analysis to either support or reject it. Therefore, in the given list, "Hypothesis" is the most appropriate term that fits the context of suggesting a solution to a problem.

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33.

A summary of the relationship between the hypothesis and the test results.
- A.
  
  Theory
- B.
  
  Hypothesis
- C.
  
  Conclusion
- D.
  
  Data
Correct Answer
C. Conclusion

Explanation
The conclusion is the outcome or result of the hypothesis being tested. It is based on the analysis of the data collected during the experiment. The conclusion either supports or rejects the hypothesis, providing evidence for or against the theory. It summarizes the findings and allows researchers to draw inferences and make judgments about the hypothesis. Therefore, the conclusion is a crucial component in understanding the relationship between the hypothesis and the test results.

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34.

0.000,000,001 is the numeral for:
- A.
  
  Micro
- B.
  
  Milli
- C.
  
  Nano
- D.
  
  Giga
Correct Answer
C. Nano

Explanation
The correct answer is Nano because the given numeral, 0.000,000,001, is a very small value and is equivalent to one billionth. In the metric system, "nano" is the prefix used to denote one billionth of a unit. Therefore, the given numeral corresponds to the prefix "nano."

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35.

Identify the numeral for kilo
- A.
  
  100
- B.
  
  10,000
- C.
  
  1,000
- D.
  
  10
Correct Answer
C. 1,000

Explanation
The numeral for kilo is 1,000. Kilo is a prefix that represents a factor of 1,000 in the metric system. So, when we see the term "kilo" in a numerical context, it means multiplying the number by 1,000. In this case, the correct answer is 1,000 because it represents the numeral for kilo.

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36.

How did the invention of the microscope lead to the discovery of cells?
- A.
  
  The invention of the microscope lead to the discovery of cells because a microscope is an instrument that helps our eyes see objects that are too small to be seen with an unaided eye by magnifying the object.
- B.
  
  The invention of the microscope lead to the discovery of cells because a microscope is an instrument that helps our eyes see objects that are too large to be seen with an unaided eye by magnifying the object.
- C.
  
  The invention of the microscope lead to the discovery of cells because a microscope is an instrument that helps identify objects too small to be seen with an unaided eye by outlining and magnifying the object.
- D.
  
  The invention of the microscope lead to the discovery of cells because a microscope is an instrument that enlarges objects that are too small by widening the diaphragm for the light source.
Correct Answer
A. The invention of the microscope lead to the discovery of cells because a microscope is an instrument that helps our eyes see objects that are too small to be seen with an unaided eye by magnifying the object.

Explanation
The invention of the microscope allowed scientists to observe objects that were too small to be seen with the naked eye. By magnifying these objects, scientists were able to discover the existence of cells, which are the basic building blocks of all living organisms. The microscope provided the necessary tool for scientists to study and understand the structure and function of cells, leading to the discovery and development of the cell theory.

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37.

Lenses in microscopes magnify an object by _____________
- A.
  
  Lenses in microscopes magnify an object by bending the light that passes through them.
- B.
  
  Lenses in microscopes magnify an object by flattening the light that passes through them.
- C.
  
  Lenses in microscopes magnify an object by filtering the light that passes through them.
- D.
  
  Lenses in microscopes magnify an object by increasing the amount of light that passes through them.
Correct Answer
A. Lenses in microscopes magnify an object by bending the light that passes through them.

Explanation
Lenses in microscopes magnify an object by bending the light that passes through them. When light passes through a lens, it is refracted, or bent, causing the light rays to converge or diverge. This bending of light allows the lens to focus the image and magnify it. By manipulating the curvature of the lens, the microscope can adjust the amount of magnification. Therefore, the correct answer is that lenses in microscopes magnify an object by bending the light that passes through them.

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38.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 7:# 7 is shown as a thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the inside of the cell, inside the cell wall. The cell membrane is passable, it allows some substances to pass into the cell and blocks others.
- A.
  
  Cell Plasma Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisome
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Ribosomes
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Correct Answer
A. Cell Plasma Membrane

Explanation
Organelle #7 is described as a thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the inside of the cell, inside the cell wall. This matches the description of the cell plasma membrane, which is a selectively permeable barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It allows some substances to pass into the cell while blocking others.

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39.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 6:# 6 is modeled as a thick, rigid membrane surrounding and framing the plant cell. The cell wall will bonds with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisome
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Ribosomes
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Correct Answer
G. Cell Wall

Explanation
The correct answer is "Cell Wall". The description given in the question matches the characteristics of the cell wall. It is described as a thick, rigid membrane that surrounds and frames the plant cell. The cell wall is responsible for providing structural support to the plant cell and also helps in bonding with other cell walls to form the structure of the plant.

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40.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 11:# 11 is modeled as a yellow ball with spikes radiating from it. It has a dense center with radiating tubes like a sun (star shape). The small tubes (microtubules) are made by this structure. This structure is important in cell division, separating genetic material into new plant cells.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisome
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Ribosomes
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Centrosome
Correct Answer
J. Centrosome

Explanation
The description of organelle #11 as a yellow ball with spikes radiating from it and a dense center with radiating tubes like a sun (star shape) matches the structure of a centrosome. Centrosomes are responsible for cell division and play a crucial role in separating genetic material into new plant cells.

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41.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram.Identify Organelle # 4:# 4 is modeled as a green (because it contains chlorophyll), bean-shaped organelle. Photosynthesis takes place in this organelle, changing sunlight to chemical energy (food) for the plant.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisome
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplasts
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Centrosome
- K.
  
  Chlorophyll
Correct Answer
H. Chloroplasts

Explanation
Organelle #4 is chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are green, bean-shaped organelles that contain chlorophyll. They are responsible for conducting photosynthesis, which is the process of converting sunlight into chemical energy (food) for the plant.

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42.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 14:# 14 is modeled as a tiny, black dot inside of the purple sphere. This structure is made up of DNA (the chromosomes) that contains the cells’ genetic material.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesmata
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Chromatin
Correct Answer
J. Chromatin

Explanation
Organelle #14 is represented as a tiny, black dot inside of the purple sphere. This structure is made up of DNA (the chromosomes) that contains the cells' genetic material. Chromatin is the correct answer because it fits this description.

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43.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram.Identify Organelle # 17:# 17 is the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Chromatin
- K.
  
  Cytoplasm
- L.
  
  Chlorophyll
Correct Answer
K. Cytoplasm

Explanation
The correct answer for Organelle #17 is Cytoplasm because it is the jelly-like material outside the cell nucleus where the organelles are located.

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44.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 10:# 10 is modeled as flattened, folded, pancake-like structure is located near the nucleus, though not attached to the nucleus. These structurespackage proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound bubbles for use and "export" in and from the cell.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Chromatin
- K.
  
  Nucleolus
- L.
  
  Chlorophyll
Correct Answer
D. Golgi Bodies

Explanation
Organelle #10 is the Golgi Bodies. The Golgi Bodies are flattened, folded, pancake-like structures located near the nucleus but not attached to it. They are responsible for packaging proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound bubbles for use and "export" in and from the cell.

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45.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 9:# 9 is modeled as a bean-like, oval structure with a double membrane that has an inner membrane that is folded many times. This organelle is the energy power pack of the cell. In photosynthesis this is the organelle that breaks down the sugars and stores the energy in the ATP.The ATP is the energy exchange for cells, storing and releasing energy as needed.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Chromatin
- K.
  
  Nucleolus
- L.
  
  Chlorophyll
Correct Answer
F. Mitochondria

Explanation
Organelle #9 is described as a bean-like, oval structure with a double membrane that has an inner membrane folded many times. This organelle is known as the mitochondria, which is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. The breakdown of sugars and storage of energy in ATP mentioned in the explanation further supports the identification of organelle #9 as mitochondria.

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46.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 15:# 15 is modeled as the outer covering of the purple sphere. This structure surrounds the purple sphere, separating it from the other organelles and protecting it.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Chromatin
- K.
  
  Nuclear Membrane
Correct Answer
K. Nuclear Membrane

Explanation
The given description states that organelle #15 is modeled as the outer covering of the purple sphere, separating it from other organelles and protecting it. The organelle that fits this description is the nuclear membrane. The nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm and other organelles. It acts as a protective barrier for the nucleus and regulates the movement of molecules in and out of the nucleus.

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47.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 13:# 13 is modeled as a dark purple sphere found within a larger sphere. This structure is where ribosomes and their RNA are produced.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Chromatin
- K.
  
  Nuclear Membrane
- L.
  
  Nucleolus
Correct Answer
L. Nucleolus

Explanation
The correct answer is the nucleolus. The description provided matches the characteristics of the nucleolus, which is a structure found within the nucleus of a cell. It appears as a dark purple sphere within a larger sphere and is responsible for the production of ribosomes and their RNA.

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48.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 12:# 12 is modeled as a purple sphere that contains many smaller organelles. This structure controls many of the functions of the cell and contains DNA (in the chromosomes).
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Nucleus
- K.
  
  Nuclear Membrane
- L.
  
  Nucleolus
Correct Answer
J. Nucleus
49.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 8:# 8 is modeled as a small, oval, grey structure. These structures help control chemical change in the cells. They change fatty acids to sugars, and help with photosynthesis.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesma
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Nucleus
- K.
  
  Nuclear Membrane
- L.
  
  Nucleolus
- M.
  
  Chlorophyll
Correct Answer
E. Peroxisomes

Explanation
Organelle #8 is described as a small, oval, grey structure that helps control chemical change in the cells. It also converts fatty acids to sugars and assists in photosynthesis. Based on these characteristics, the correct answer is Peroxisomes.

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50.

Plant Organelle Word Bank Cell membraneChromatinEndoplasmic Reticulum RoughNuclear membranePlasmodesmataCell wallCytoplasmEndoplasmic Reticulum SmoothNucleolusPeroxisomeCentrosomeGolgi BodiesMitochondriaNucleusRibosomesChloroplastsChlorophyll Vacuoles Use the Plant Cell Organelle word bank as you work to identify the parts of the plant organelle diagram. Identify Organelle # 5:# 5 is modeled as a small tube-like organelles that are like channels in the cell wall, crossing between plant cells. These tubes cross between plant cells allowing them to transport and communicate between each other.
- A.
  
  Cell Membrane
- B.
  
  Plasmodesmata
- C.
  
  Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- D.
  
  Golgi Bodies
- E.
  
  Peroxisomes
- F.
  
  Mitochondria
- G.
  
  Cell Wall
- H.
  
  Chloroplast
- I.
  
  Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
- J.
  
  Nucleus
- K.
  
  Nuclear Membrane
- L.
  
  Nucleolus
- M.
  
  Chlorophyll
Correct Answer
B. Plasmodesmata

Explanation
Plasmodesmata are small tube-like organelles that are like channels in the cell wall, crossing between plant cells. These tubes allow for transport and communication between plant cells, allowing molecules, nutrients, and signals to move between cells.

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