What Is A Schema In Psychology?
- 1.
Social Cognition is:
- A.
The judgements about other people, objects and events
- B.
The way of how individuals interpret, analyze, remember and use info about a persons social events
- C.
Time saving mental shortcut the reduces complex judgements to simple rules of thumb
- D.
Set of rules of feature that represent what we know about categories of objects or events in general
Correct Answer
B. The way of how individuals interpret, analyze, remember and use info about a persons social eventsExplanation
Social Cognition refers to the process through which individuals interpret, analyze, remember, and utilize information about social events involving other people. It involves the mental processes and strategies used to understand and make sense of social situations, including forming impressions of others, attributing motives and intentions, and predicting behavior. This encompasses the cognitive processes involved in social perception, social judgment, and social memory.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is the key point of social cognition?
- A.
The way we interpret things and evaluate new people and events is not greatly influenced by what we have learned through past experience. info that we have acquired from the past helps us understand and interpret the present.
- B.
The way we interpret things and evaluate new people and events is greatly influenced by what we have learned through past experience. info that we have acquired from the present helps us understand and interpret the past.
- C.
The way we interpret things and evaluate new people and events is greatly influenced by what we have learned through past experience. info that we have acquired from the past helps us understand and interpret the present.
Correct Answer
C. The way we interpret things and evaluate new people and events is greatly influenced by what we have learned through past experience. info that we have acquired from the past helps us understand and interpret the present.Explanation
The key point of social cognition is that the way we interpret things and evaluate new people and events is greatly influenced by what we have learned through past experience. The information that we have acquired from the past helps us understand and interpret the present.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is explicit cognition
- A.
Awareness
- B.
Categorical info
- C.
No awareness
- D.
Unconscious influences
Correct Answer
C. No awarenessExplanation
No awareness refers to a type of cognition where individuals are not consciously aware of their thoughts, feelings, or mental processes. It implies that certain cognitive processes occur outside of conscious awareness and can influence behavior and decision-making without individuals being consciously aware of them. This can include automatic and unconscious mental processes that operate below the level of conscious awareness, such as implicit biases or automatic responses to stimuli.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Implicit cognition
- A.
Awareness; unconscious influences
- B.
No awareness; conscious influences
- C.
awareness; conscious influences
- D.
No awareness; unconscious influences
Correct Answer
D. No awareness; unconscious influencesExplanation
Implicit cognition refers to the mental processes that occur unconsciously, without our awareness. It involves the automatic and unintentional processing of information that influences our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. In this context, the answer "no awareness; unconscious influences" suggests that implicit cognition operates without our conscious knowledge or control, and it affects us in ways that we are not aware of.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Why don't we use all of the available info about a person when forming impressions?
- A.
Its impractical, sometimes impossible and we are cognitive misers
- B.
Its impractical, sometimes impossible and its useless
- C.
Its impractical, possible and we are cognitive misers
- D.
Its practical, possible and we are cognitive misers
Correct Answer
A. Its impractical, sometimes impossible and we are cognitive misersExplanation
When forming impressions about a person, we often do not use all of the available information because it is impractical and sometimes impossible to gather and process every piece of information about someone. Additionally, we tend to be cognitive misers, meaning we prefer to conserve mental energy by relying on limited information and heuristics to form impressions rather than thoroughly analyzing every detail. Therefore, considering all available information is impractical, sometimes impossible, and we tend to be cognitive misers.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Since we can't use all the info to form impressions, then what should we use?
- A.
Judgements
- B.
Stereotypes
- C.
Counterfactual thinking
- D.
Categorical info
Correct Answer
D. Categorical infoExplanation
When we are unable to use all the available information to form impressions, it is best to rely on categorical information. Categorical information refers to general characteristics or traits that can be used to categorize or classify individuals or objects. This type of information allows us to make judgments based on broad categories rather than specific details. By using categorical information, we can still form impressions and make decisions even when we don't have access to all the relevant information.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What is categorical info used for?
- A.
Its used to create awareness
- B.
Its used to form stereotypes and prejudice
- C.
Its used to make judgements about other people, object and events
- D.
Its is used to make judgements of ourselves
Correct Answer
C. Its used to make judgements about other people, object and eventsExplanation
Categorical information is used to make judgments about other people, objects, and events. This type of information helps us categorize and classify things based on their characteristics or attributes, allowing us to form opinions and make decisions. By using categorical information, we can better understand and evaluate the world around us, enabling us to make informed judgments and choices.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is social categorization:
- A.
The classification of people into groups based on their common attributes
- B.
The way people think
- C.
The classification of people based on their race
- D.
The way people create judgements
Correct Answer
A. The classification of people into groups based on their common attributesExplanation
Social categorization refers to the process of grouping individuals based on shared characteristics or attributes. It involves classifying people into categories or groups based on common traits such as age, gender, occupation, or interests. This categorization helps individuals simplify and organize their social environment, allowing them to make sense of the world and understand others more easily. By grouping individuals based on common attributes, social categorization influences how people perceive and interact with others, shaping their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors towards different groups.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What are schemas?
- A.
Sets of judgements that represent what we know about categories of objects or events in general-built from experience
- B.
Sets of rules or features that represent what we know about categories of objects or events in general-built from experience
- C.
Sets of rules or features that represent what we know about categories of objects or events in general-built from inner self
- D.
Sets of rules or features that represent what we don't know about categories of objects or events in general-built from experience
Correct Answer
B. Sets of rules or features that represent what we know about categories of objects or events in general-built from experienceExplanation
Schemas are sets of rules or features that represent our knowledge about categories of objects or events in general. These schemas are built from our past experiences and help us understand and make sense of the world around us. They provide a framework for organizing and interpreting new information based on our existing knowledge.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What do schema tells us?
- A.
How to evaluate other people
- B.
How to create our own judgements of other people
- C.
What to think
- D.
What to expect and what not to expect
Correct Answer
D. What to expect and what not to expectExplanation
Schema refers to a cognitive framework or mental structure that helps us organize and interpret information. It provides a set of expectations and knowledge about a particular concept or domain. In this context, schema tells us what to expect and what not to expect. It guides our understanding and helps us anticipate certain outcomes or behaviors based on our past experiences and knowledge. By having a schema, we can make predictions and form appropriate judgments about people or situations.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A general representation of a common event
- A.
Traits
- B.
Schema
- C.
Script
- D.
Prototype
Correct Answer
C. ScriptExplanation
A script is a written or verbal representation of a sequence of events or actions. It typically includes dialogue, stage directions, and other instructions for performers. In the context of the question, a script would be the most appropriate term to describe a general representation of a common event, as it implies a structured and planned sequence of actions and interactions. Traits refer to distinguishing characteristics, schema refers to a mental framework or structure, and prototype refers to an early version or model of something.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What are traits?
- A.
A general personality dispositions that her us organize info about the behavior of others.
- B.
A general memory dispositions that her us organize info about the behavior of others.
- C.
A general mind dispositions that her us organize info about the behavior of others.
- D.
A general thought dispositions that her us organize info about the behavior of others.
Correct Answer
A. A general personality dispositions that her us organize info about the behavior of others.Explanation
Traits refer to general personality dispositions that help us organize information about the behavior of others. They are enduring characteristics that influence how individuals think, feel, and behave in various situations. Traits can include qualities such as extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience. By understanding and identifying these traits, we can gain insights into people's behavior and make predictions about how they are likely to act in different contexts.Rate this question:
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- 13.
They are abstract representations about a group, but they aren't necessarily accurate, can be dangerous because they can overpower individual.
- A.
Schemas
- B.
Judgement
- C.
Prejudice
- D.
Stereotype
Correct Answer
D. StereotypeExplanation
Stereotypes are abstract representations or generalizations about a particular group of people. They may not always be accurate and can be dangerous because they have the potential to overpower individual differences and perpetuate bias and discrimination. Stereotypes can lead to unfair judgments and prejudices against individuals based on their group membership.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Culturally shared stereotypes:
- A.
Cultural shared judgements
- B.
Cultural shared beliefs about a their own group
- C.
Cultural shared beliefs about a social group
Correct Answer
C. Cultural shared beliefs about a social groupExplanation
The correct answer is "cultural shared beliefs about a social group." This refers to the stereotypes that are commonly held within a particular culture about a specific social group. These beliefs are often based on generalizations and can influence the way individuals perceive and interact with members of that group. These stereotypes can be both positive and negative and may impact social attitudes and behaviors towards the group in question.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Prototype
- A.
Help us organize info and influence what we cannot remember, is the most representative.
- B.
Help us organize info and influence what we can remember, is the most representative.
- C.
Help us organize info and influence what we can remember, is the least representative.
- D.
Help us organize memories and influence what we can remember, is the most representative.
Correct Answer
B. Help us organize info and influence what we can remember, is the most representative.Explanation
The correct answer is "help us organize info and influence what we can remember, is the most representative." This answer accurately reflects the function of a prototype. A prototype is a mental representation or schema that helps us organize and categorize information. It influences what we can remember by providing a framework for organizing and retrieving information. Therefore, this answer is the most representative of the role of a prototype.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What do schemas do, and why are they so important?
- A.
Helps us judge someone based on how representative they are
- B.
It help us influence what we say or do by what others think
- C.
Helps us have accessible schema
- D.
Help us organize info, influence what we can remember, help us fill in details, influence what info we attend to, help us interpret ambiguous info and can influence how we behave.
Correct Answer
D. Help us organize info, influence what we can remember, help us fill in details, influence what info we attend to, help us interpret ambiguous info and can influence how we behave.Explanation
Schemas help us organize information, influence what we can remember, help us fill in details, influence what information we attend to, help us interpret ambiguous information, and can influence how we behave.Rate this question:
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- 17.
How do we decide which schema we should use in a new situation?
- A.
Schema availability
- B.
Schema accessibility
- C.
Readily schema
- D.
Temporary schema
Correct Answer
B. Schema accessibilityExplanation
In a new situation, the decision of which schema to use is based on its accessibility. This means that the schema that is easily reachable or readily available will be chosen. The accessibility of a schema refers to how easily it can be accessed and utilized in a given context or situation. Therefore, when determining which schema to use, the one that is most accessible and can be easily applied to the new situation will be preferred.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is schema accessibility?
- A.
The unlikelihood that a schema will be used when processing old info
- B.
The likelihood that a schema will be used when processing new info
- C.
The likelihood that a schema will be used when processing old info
- D.
The unlikelihood that a schema will be used when processing new info
Correct Answer
B. The likelihood that a schema will be used when processing new infoExplanation
Schema accessibility refers to the likelihood that a schema will be utilized when processing new information. This means that when encountering new information, individuals are more likely to rely on their existing schemas or mental frameworks to interpret and understand the information. Schemas act as cognitive shortcuts, allowing individuals to quickly make sense of new information based on their pre-existing knowledge and expectations.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What is priming?
- A.
Making a schema always accessible
- B.
Making schema frequently activate
- C.
Making schema accessible temporarily
- D.
Making schema accessible activate
Correct Answer
C. Making schema accessible temporarilyExplanation
Priming refers to the process of temporarily making a schema or mental framework easily accessible in our minds. It involves activating specific thoughts or concepts, which can then influence our subsequent behavior, thoughts, or perceptions. This temporary accessibility allows the schema to have a greater impact on our thinking and decision-making processes.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What are some factors that influence schema accessibility
- A.
Accessibility cues and new schemas
- B.
Accessibility cues and recently used schemas
- C.
Situational cues and new schemas
- D.
Situational cues and recently used schemas
Correct Answer
D. Situational cues and recently used schemasExplanation
Situational cues and recently used schemas are factors that influence schema accessibility. Situational cues refer to the environmental or contextual factors that trigger the activation of a particular schema. For example, being in a crowded and noisy place may activate a schema related to social anxiety. Recently used schemas, on the other hand, are schemas that have been recently accessed or applied in a person's cognitive processing. These schemas are more readily accessible and can influence the way information is interpreted and processed in a given situation.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Personal chronic construct
- A.
Unreadily accessible schema that infrequently activates
- B.
Readily accessible schema that frequently activates
- C.
Unreadily schema that frequently activates
- D.
Readily accessible schema that infrequently activates
Correct Answer
B. Readily accessible schema that frequently activatesExplanation
This answer suggests that a "readily accessible schema that frequently activates" is the correct explanation. This means that the individual has a schema, or a mental framework, that is easily accessible and frequently used in their thinking and decision-making processes. This schema is readily available to them and is frequently activated, meaning that it is often used and influences their thoughts and behaviors.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Heuristics:
- A.
Time saving mental shortcut that reduce complex judgements to simple rules of thumb
- B.
Making judgements based on how easily you can think of information that is relevant to the judgement
- C.
Tendency to be used toward initial info you received when making your judgement
- D.
Judging someone based on how representative they are typical to average number of a category
Correct Answer
A. Time saving mental shortcut that reduce complex judgements to simple rules of thumbExplanation
The given answer is a concise and accurate explanation of heuristics. Heuristics are mental shortcuts that help us make quick decisions or judgments by simplifying complex information into simple rules or patterns. These shortcuts save time and cognitive effort but can sometimes lead to errors or biases. By using heuristics, we rely on easily accessible information or initial impressions to make judgments, and we often judge someone or something based on how representative they are of a typical or average category.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Judging someone based on how representative they are of a typical or average number of a category
- A.
Availability heuristics
- B.
Heuristics
- C.
Representative heuristics
- D.
Anchoring and adjustment heuristics
Correct Answer
C. Representative heuristicsExplanation
Representative heuristics is the correct answer because it refers to the tendency of judging someone based on how representative they are of a typical or average number of a category. This heuristic relies on stereotypes and generalizations, often leading to biased judgments. It involves making quick decisions based on the similarity between the person or object and a prototype or stereotype. It is a mental shortcut that helps us make judgments and decisions efficiently, but it can also lead to errors and biases.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Base rate
- A.
Tendency imagine alternative outcomes of events and evaluate the actual outcome of an event to these imagined alternative
- B.
The frequency in which something occurs in the population
- C.
Over use info about an individual in order to judge the person
Correct Answer
B. The frequency in which something occurs in the populationExplanation
The given answer, "The frequency in which something occurs in the population," accurately describes the concept of base rate. Base rate refers to the likelihood or frequency of an event occurring in a given population. It is a statistical measure that helps to understand the probability of an event happening based on its occurrence in a larger group. By considering the base rate, one can make more informed judgments and decisions by taking into account the overall likelihood of an event rather than solely relying on individual characteristics or information.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Failure to consider base rate and over use info about an individual in order to judge the person
- A.
Availability heuristics
- B.
Base rate
- C.
Base rate fallacy
- D.
Counterfactual thinking
Correct Answer
C. Base rate fallacyExplanation
The base rate fallacy refers to the tendency to ignore general information (base rate) and instead rely heavily on specific information about an individual when making judgments or decisions. In this case, the correct answer suggests that the failure to consider the base rate and over-reliance on individual information is the reason for the error. This means that the person is not taking into account the overall likelihood or probability of a certain event or outcome, and instead focuses too much on specific details or characteristics of an individual.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Tendency to be biased toward initial info that you received when making your judgements
- A.
Counterfactual thinking
- B.
Base rate
- C.
Availability heuristics
- D.
Anchoring and adjustment heuristics
Correct Answer
D. Anchoring and adjustment heuristicsExplanation
Anchoring and adjustment heuristics refer to the cognitive bias where individuals tend to rely heavily on an initial piece of information (the anchor) when making judgments or decisions, and then adjust their judgments incrementally from that initial anchor. This bias can lead to an underestimation or overestimation of the true value or likelihood of an event, as individuals may fail to sufficiently adjust their judgments away from the initial anchor.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Hindsight bias
- A.
Tendency of individual to overestimate their ability to have foreseen the outcome
- B.
Tendency to imagine alternative outcomes of events and evaluate the actual outcome of an event to these imagined alternatives
- C.
Tendency of individual to underestimate their ability to have foreseen the outcome
- D.
Tendency to imagine alternative outcomes of events and evaluate the non-actual outcome of an event to these imagined alternatives
Correct Answer
A. Tendency of individual to overestimate their ability to have foreseen the outcomeExplanation
The correct answer is the tendency of an individual to overestimate their ability to have foreseen the outcome. This refers to the tendency for people to believe that they could have predicted an event's outcome after it has already occurred, even though they may not have actually been able to predict it accurately beforehand. This bias occurs because people tend to reconstruct their memories and beliefs to fit with the actual outcome, leading them to believe that they had more knowledge or foresight than they actually did.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Availability judgements based on how easily you can think of info that is relevant to the judgement
- A.
Representative heuristics
- B.
Heuristics
- C.
Availability heuristics
- D.
Anchoring and adjustment heuristics
Correct Answer
C. Availability heuristicsExplanation
Availability heuristics refer to the mental shortcut where people make judgments based on how easily they can recall or think of relevant information. In other words, if information is readily available in their memory, they are more likely to judge it as being more common or more likely to occur. This heuristic can lead to biases and errors in judgment, as it relies on the ease of recall rather than objective data or statistics.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Counterfactual thinking
- A.
The tendency to imagine alternative outcomes of events and evaluate the actual outcome of an event to past events
- B.
The tendency to imagine alternative outcomes of events and evaluate the actual outcome of an event to these imagined alternatives
- C.
The tendency to imagine alternative outcomes of events and evaluate the actual outcome of an event to future events
Correct Answer
B. The tendency to imagine alternative outcomes of events and evaluate the actual outcome of an event to these imagined alternativesExplanation
Counterfactual thinking refers to the tendency to imagine alternative outcomes of events and evaluate the actual outcome of an event in comparison to these imagined alternatives. It involves mentally exploring "what if" scenarios and considering how things could have been different. This type of thinking allows individuals to reflect on past events and consider how different choices or circumstances could have led to different outcomes. By comparing the actual outcome to these imagined alternatives, people can gain insights, learn from their experiences, and potentially make better decisions in the future.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 02, 2017Quiz Created by
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