1.
Les électrons sont les particules qui se trouvent dans
Correct Answer
B. Le nuage électronique
Explanation
The correct answer is "le nuage électronique". Electrons are particles that are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom. They are negatively charged and move around the nucleus in specific energy levels or orbitals. The nucleus, on the other hand, contains protons and neutrons. Therefore, the correct answer is the electron cloud.
2.
La configuration électronique est:
Correct Answer
B. La répartition des électrons sur des niveaux d'énergie
Explanation
The correct answer is "La répartition des électrons sur des niveaux d'énergie." This is because the electron configuration refers to how the electrons are distributed or arranged in energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus of an atom. The arrangement of electrons in these energy levels determines the chemical properties and behavior of an element.
3.
Définir nucléons
Correct Answer
D. Les particules qui se trouvent dans le noyau
Explanation
The correct answer is "Les particules qui se trouvent dans le noyau." This answer correctly defines "nucléons" as the particles that are found in the nucleus. The other options are incorrect: "Les particules du nuage électronique" refers to electrons, "Les particules chargées positivement" refers to protons, and "Les particules de charge nulle" refers to neutrons.
4.
A représente
Correct Answer
D. Le nombre de nucléons
Explanation
The correct answer is "le nombre de nucléons." This is because the term "nucléons" refers to both protons and neutrons, which are the particles found in the nucleus of an atom. The number of nucléons, therefore, represents the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. The other options, such as numéro atomique (atomic number), nombre de neutrons (number of neutrons), and nombre d'électrons (number of electrons), refer to specific properties of an atom rather than the total number of particles in the nucleus.
5.
Z représente
Correct Answer
B. Le nombre de protons
Explanation
Z représente le nombre de protons. Les protons sont des particules chargées positivement présentes dans le noyau d'un atome. Le nombre de protons détermine l'identité de l'élément chimique, c'est-à-dire de quel élément il s'agit. Par conséquent, Z représente le nombre de protons dans un atome donné.
6.
A =
Correct Answer
A. Z + N
Explanation
The correct answer is Z + N. This is because in the given equation, A represents the total number of nucleons in an atomic nucleus, which is the sum of the number of protons (Z) and the number of neutrons (N). Therefore, A = Z + N.
7.
Le nombre de neutrons dans Al (Z = 13; A= 27) est:
Correct Answer
B. 14
Explanation
The number of neutrons in an atom is equal to the atomic mass minus the atomic number. In this case, the atomic number (Z) is given as 13 and the atomic mass (A) is given as 27. Therefore, the number of neutrons can be calculated as 27 - 13, which equals 14.
8.
Les isotopes sont:
Correct Answer
B. Des atomes du même élément ayant le même Z mais différents A
Explanation
Les isotopes sont des atomes du même élément ayant le même nombre de protons (Z) mais différents nombres de neutrons (A). Cela signifie que les isotopes ont des masses atomiques différentes, mais ils ont des propriétés chimiques similaires car ils ont le même nombre de protons et donc le même nombre d'électrons.
9.
La configuration électronique de 11Na est:
Correct Answer
B. K2L8M1
Explanation
The correct answer is K2L8M1. This is because the atomic number of sodium (Na) is 11, which means it has 11 electrons. The electron configuration represents the arrangement of these electrons in different energy levels. In the case of sodium, the first energy level (K) can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the second energy level (L) can hold a maximum of 8 electrons, and the third energy level (M) can hold a maximum of 1 electron. Therefore, the electron configuration of sodium is K2L8M1.
10.
Le numéro atomique de l'atome de soufre, de configuration électronique K2L8M6, est:
Correct Answer
D. 16
Explanation
The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus. In this case, the atom of sulfur has an electron configuration of K2L8M6, which means it has 2 electrons in the first energy level (K), 8 electrons in the second energy level (L), and 6 electrons in the third energy level (M). The atomic number of sulfur is 16 because it has 16 protons in its nucleus, which is equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom.