1.
What part of the nervous system is stimulated with massage?
Correct Answer
A. Parasympathetic
Explanation
Massage stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the body's "rest and digest" response, promoting relaxation and reducing stress. When the parasympathetic nervous system is activated, heart rate and blood pressure decrease, digestion improves, and the body enters a state of calm. Massage techniques such as gentle strokes and kneading can stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, helping to induce a sense of relaxation and overall well-being.
2.
Which of the following conditions should be avoided when massaging ?
Correct Answer
D. Varicose Veins
Explanation
Varicose veins should be avoided when massaging. Varicose veins are enlarged and twisted veins that usually occur in the legs. Massaging over varicose veins can potentially worsen the condition and cause discomfort or pain. It is important to avoid applying pressure or friction on varicose veins to prevent any complications or damage to the veins. Instead, gentle and light massage techniques can be used in surrounding areas to promote blood circulation and relaxation.
3.
Which of the following conditions would need clearance from a GP before undergoing a massage ?
Correct Answer
B. Hypertension
Explanation
Hypertension is a condition characterized by high blood pressure. It is important to obtain clearance from a GP before undergoing a massage because certain massage techniques can potentially increase blood pressure and cause complications for individuals with hypertension. The GP will assess the severity of the hypertension and determine if it is safe for the individual to receive a massage.
4.
Which of the following conditions would need clearance by a GP when undergoing a massage ?
Correct Answer
A. Thrombosis
Explanation
Thrombosis is a condition characterized by the formation of blood clots in blood vessels, which can potentially be dislodged and cause serious complications if not managed properly. Therefore, it is important for individuals with thrombosis to consult a GP before undergoing a massage, as the pressure and manipulation involved in the massage could potentially dislodge the blood clot and lead to further health risks.
5.
Which of the following conditions should be avoided when doing massage ?
Correct Answer
B. Fever
Explanation
Fever should be avoided when doing a massage because it indicates an elevated body temperature, which is a sign of an underlying illness or infection. Massaging someone with a fever can potentially worsen their condition and spread the infection throughout the body. It is important to allow the body to rest and heal during a fever, rather than adding additional stress through massage.
6.
Which of the following conditions should be avoided when massaging ?
Correct Answer
C. Hodgkins Disease
Explanation
Hodgkin's Disease should be avoided when massaging because it is a type of lymphoma that affects the lymphatic system. Massaging can potentially spread the cancerous cells to other parts of the body, worsening the condition. It is important to avoid any unnecessary manipulation of the affected area and seek proper medical treatment instead.
7.
Which of the following Conditions can be improved by massage ?
Correct Answer
B. LympHoedema
Explanation
Massage can help improve lymphoedema, a condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the body's tissues, usually in the arms or legs. Massage techniques such as manual lymphatic drainage can help stimulate the flow of lymph fluid and reduce swelling. By applying gentle pressure and rhythmic movements, massage can help move the excess fluid out of the affected area and improve circulation. However, it is important to note that massage should be performed by a trained professional who is familiar with lymphoedema management to ensure safety and effectiveness.
8.
Which of the following conditions can be improved by massage ?
Correct Answer
C. Cramp
Explanation
Massage can help improve cramps. Cramps are involuntary muscle contractions that can cause pain and discomfort. Massage can help relax the muscles, increase blood flow, and reduce muscle tension, which can alleviate cramps. It can also help to release endorphins, which are natural painkillers, providing further relief. Additionally, massage can help improve flexibility and range of motion, which can prevent future cramps from occurring.
9.
Which of the following conditions can be improved by massage ?
Correct Answer
B. Strain
Explanation
Massage can help improve the condition of strain. Strain refers to the excessive stretching or tearing of muscles or tendons. Massage therapy can help reduce pain, inflammation, and muscle tension associated with strains. It can also improve blood circulation, promote relaxation, and enhance the healing process by increasing the flow of nutrients to the affected area. However, it is important to note that massage should be performed by a trained professional and with caution to avoid further injury.
10.
Which of the following conditions can be improved by massage ?
Correct Answer
A. Fibromyalgia
Explanation
Massage can help improve the condition of Fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is a chronic disorder characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and tenderness in localized areas. Massage therapy can help reduce pain, improve sleep, decrease anxiety and depression, and increase overall quality of life for individuals with Fibromyalgia. Massage techniques such as Swedish massage, deep tissue massage, and myofascial release can help relax muscles, improve circulation, and reduce pain and discomfort associated with Fibromyalgia.
11.
For which of the following ailments can massage be used with medical or specialist permission ?
Correct Answer
A. Pregnancy
Explanation
Massage can be used with medical or specialist permission during pregnancy. This is because massage therapy can help relieve common discomforts associated with pregnancy such as back pain, swelling, and muscle tension. However, it is important to seek permission from a medical professional or specialist to ensure that the massage is safe and appropriate for the individual's specific condition.
12.
Which of the following conditions would require a GP's Permission ?
Correct Answer
A. Diabetes
Explanation
Diabetes is a chronic medical condition that requires ongoing management and treatment. Therefore, it is likely that a GP's permission would be required for activities or treatments that may affect blood sugar levels or overall health.
13.
Which of the following conditions would require a GP's Permission ?
Correct Answer
C. Asthma
Explanation
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that requires medical intervention and ongoing management. It is a condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty in breathing. As such, it is important for individuals with asthma to seek permission from a general practitioner (GP) before engaging in certain activities or treatments that may trigger or worsen their condition. This is to ensure proper guidance, medication adjustments, and to prevent any potential complications. In contrast, insomnia, physical strain, and cough may not necessarily require a GP's permission, as they can be managed or treated with self-care measures or over-the-counter medications.
14.
Which of the following conditions would require a GP's Permission ?
Correct Answer
D. Inflamed Nerve
Explanation
An inflamed nerve is a condition that may require a GP's permission because it can be a sign of a more serious underlying problem such as nerve damage or compression. In order to accurately diagnose and treat the inflamed nerve, a GP's permission may be necessary to conduct further tests or refer the patient to a specialist. Additionally, the GP's permission may be required to prescribe appropriate medication or recommend specific treatment options for the inflamed nerve.
15.
Which of the following conditions would require a GP's Permission ?
Correct Answer
D. Acute Rheumatism
Explanation
Acute Rheumatism would require a GP's permission because it is a condition that involves inflammation and pain in the joints and muscles. It may require medical intervention and treatment, such as pain medication or physical therapy, which can only be prescribed by a general practitioner.
16.
Which of the following conditions would require a GP's Permission ?
Correct Answer
A. Osteoporosis
Explanation
Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It is a chronic condition that requires medical intervention and ongoing management. Since it is a serious condition that can have long-term effects on a person's health, it is important to seek a GP's permission or advice for proper diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring.
17.
Which of the following conditions would require a GP's Permission ?
Correct Answer
B. Bells Palsy
Explanation
Bells Palsy is a condition that causes sudden weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face. It is a neurological condition that requires medical attention and diagnosis by a healthcare professional, such as a GP. Therefore, a GP's permission would be required to treat and manage Bells Palsy effectively. Insomnia, Lentigo, and stress may also require medical attention, but they do not necessarily require a GP's permission as they can be managed with self-care or over-the-counter remedies.
18.
Which of the following conditions would require a GP's Permission ?
Correct Answer
B. Terminal Cancer
Explanation
Terminal cancer is a condition that requires a GP's permission due to its severity and complexity. It is a life-threatening illness that requires specialized medical treatment and care. The GP's permission is necessary to initiate appropriate treatment, coordinate with other specialists, and provide the necessary support and guidance to the patient and their family.
19.
Which of the following conditions would require a GP's Permission ?
Correct Answer
D. Psychotic Condition
Explanation
Psychotic conditions refer to a group of mental disorders characterized by a loss of touch with reality, such as hallucinations or delusions. These conditions often require medical intervention and treatment, which is why a GP's permission would be necessary. Acromegaly, depression, and insomnia can also be serious conditions, but they do not typically require a GP's permission for treatment.
20.
Massage if effective in treating stress because it stimulates which of the following ?
Correct Answer
A. Nervous system
Explanation
Massage is effective in treating stress because it stimulates the nervous system. The physical manipulation of the muscles and tissues during a massage helps to activate the body's relaxation response, which in turn reduces stress and promotes a sense of calm. The nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating stress responses, so by stimulating this system, massage can help to alleviate stress and its associated symptoms.
21.
Massage stimulates the nervous system to slow down which system ?
Correct Answer
D. Cardiovascular (heart)
Explanation
Massage stimulates the nervous system to slow down the cardiovascular (heart) system. During a massage, the body's parasympathetic nervous system is activated, which promotes relaxation and decreases heart rate and blood pressure. This response helps to reduce stress and tension in the body, allowing the cardiovascular system to slow down and function more efficiently.
22.
Short term stress may cause which of the following symptoms ?
Correct Answer
B. Insomnia
Explanation
Short-term stress can disrupt sleep patterns and lead to insomnia. When the body is under stress, it releases stress hormones like cortisol, which can make it difficult to fall asleep or stay asleep. This can result in insomnia, characterized by difficulty sleeping, waking up frequently during the night, or waking up too early in the morning. Insomnia can further exacerbate stress levels, creating a vicious cycle. Therefore, insomnia is a common symptom associated with short-term stress.
23.
Long term stress may cause which of the following symptoms ?
Correct Answer
A. Stroke
Explanation
Long-term stress can lead to various health issues, including stroke. Chronic stress can cause increased blood pressure, inflammation, and the formation of blood clots, which are all risk factors for stroke. Stress can also contribute to unhealthy habits such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor diet, further increasing the risk of stroke. Therefore, it is important to manage and reduce stress levels to maintain overall health and prevent the development of serious conditions like stroke.
24.
Short term stress may cause which of the following symptoms ?
Correct Answer
D. Palpitations
Explanation
Short-term stress can cause palpitations, which are rapid or irregular heartbeats. When a person is stressed, their body releases stress hormones like adrenaline, which can increase heart rate and blood pressure. This can lead to palpitations, where a person feels their heart pounding, fluttering, or skipping beats. Palpitations are a common symptom of stress and anxiety and usually subside once the stressor is removed or the person relaxes. Toothache, halitosis, and gingivitis are not typically associated with short-term stress.
25.
Which hormone is associated with stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system ?
Correct Answer
D. Adrenaline
Explanation
Adrenaline is the correct answer because it is a hormone that is associated with the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. When released into the bloodstream, adrenaline increases heart rate, dilates blood vessels, and causes the liver to release glucose, all of which are characteristic responses of the sympathetic nervous system. This hormone is released in response to stress or danger and prepares the body for the "fight or flight" response.
26.
Which hormone can slow down the heart and cause the blood vessels to constrict (vasoconstriction)
Correct Answer
D. Noradrenaline
Explanation
Noradrenaline is a hormone that can slow down the heart and cause the blood vessels to constrict. This hormone is released by the adrenal glands and acts as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system. When released, noradrenaline binds to adrenergic receptors on the heart and blood vessels, leading to a decrease in heart rate and constriction of blood vessels. This response helps to regulate blood pressure and maintain proper blood flow to different parts of the body.
27.
What type of stressors would describe loud noise , lack of sleep , financial problems , and poor ventilation ?
Correct Answer
A. External stressors
Explanation
Loud noise, lack of sleep, financial problems, and poor ventilation are all examples of external stressors. External stressors are factors or events outside of an individual's control that can cause stress. These stressors can have a negative impact on a person's physical and mental well-being, leading to increased levels of stress.
28.
Which part of the nervous system has a homeostatic relationship with the amount of adrenaline produced ?
Correct Answer
A. Sympathetic and parasympathetic system
Explanation
The sympathetic and parasympathetic systems both play a role in regulating the amount of adrenaline produced in the body. The sympathetic system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which triggers the release of adrenaline in stressful or dangerous situations. On the other hand, the parasympathetic system helps to restore balance and calmness after the stress response, reducing the amount of adrenaline in the body. Therefore, the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems have a homeostatic relationship with the amount of adrenaline produced.
29.
What effect can stress have on the skin ?
Correct Answer
D. Psoriasis
Explanation
Stress can have a significant impact on the skin, including the development or worsening of psoriasis. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin condition characterized by red, itchy, and scaly patches on the skin. Stress can trigger or exacerbate psoriasis symptoms by disrupting the immune system and causing inflammation. This can lead to flare-ups and increased severity of the condition. Therefore, stress management and relaxation techniques are often recommended as part of the treatment plan for individuals with psoriasis.
30.
What hormone as well as adrenaline is produced in response to stress ?
Correct Answer
C. Cortisol
Explanation
Cortisol is produced in response to stress. It is a hormone that helps regulate the body's response to stress by increasing blood sugar levels, suppressing the immune system, and aiding in metabolism. Adrenaline is also produced in response to stress, but the question specifically asks for another hormone besides adrenaline. Parathyrin and aldosterone are not directly related to the body's stress response. D.P.T.H is not a hormone and is not produced in response to stress.
31.
Which hormone is released in response to 'flight or flight syndrome' ?
Correct Answer
D. Adrenaline
Explanation
Adrenaline is released in response to the "flight or fight syndrome". This hormone is produced by the adrenal glands and helps prepare the body to either confront or flee from a perceived threat. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose levels, providing the body with a burst of energy and heightened awareness. Adrenaline also dilates the airways, improving oxygen intake, and redirects blood flow to the muscles, enabling quick and powerful movements. Overall, adrenaline plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress and danger.
32.
Which of the following might not be produced as a result of stress ?
Correct Answer
A. Adrenogenital syndrome
Explanation
Adrenogenital syndrome is a condition caused by a genetic disorder, not stress. It is characterized by the overproduction of male sex hormones, leading to ambiguous genitalia in females and early puberty in both males and females. Stress does not directly cause this condition; it is primarily caused by a deficiency in certain enzymes involved in hormone production. Therefore, adrenogenital syndrome might not be produced as a result of stress.
33.
Which of the following conditions is never associated with stress ?
Correct Answer
C. Acromegaly
Explanation
Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that occurs when the pituitary gland produces excessive growth hormone. It is caused by a noncancerous tumor in the pituitary gland. While stress can have various physiological effects on the body, acromegaly is not typically associated with stress. Instead, it is primarily linked to an overproduction of growth hormone. Therefore, acromegaly is the condition that is never associated with stress.
34.
Which aliment of the digestive system os associated with stress ?
Correct Answer
C. Crohan's disease
Explanation
Crohn's disease is associated with stress because it is a chronic inflammatory condition of the digestive tract that can be triggered or worsened by stress. Stress can lead to flare-ups of symptoms, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fatigue, in individuals with Crohn's disease. Additionally, stress can negatively impact the immune system and disrupt the balance of gut bacteria, both of which are believed to play a role in the development and progression of Crohn's disease.
35.
What effect could stress have upon the skeletal system ?
Correct Answer
D. Poor posture
Explanation
Stress can have a detrimental effect on the skeletal system, leading to poor posture. When a person is stressed, their muscles tend to tense up, causing them to hunch their shoulders or slouch. Over time, this can result in misalignment of the spine and other skeletal structures, leading to poor posture. Poor posture can further contribute to various skeletal issues, such as back pain, muscle imbalances, and increased risk of injuries. Therefore, stress can indirectly impact the skeletal system by influencing posture.
36.
Which brain chemicals can be released during exercise to bring about a feeling of well being and relaxation ?
Correct Answer
B. EndorpHins
Explanation
Endorphins are brain chemicals that can be released during exercise to bring about a feeling of well-being and relaxation. These neurotransmitters are often referred to as "feel-good" chemicals because they have the ability to reduce pain and induce a sense of euphoria. When endorphins are released, they bind to specific receptors in the brain, triggering positive emotions and reducing stress. This release of endorphins during exercise is often associated with the "runner's high," a feeling of euphoria and relaxation that can occur after intense physical activity.
37.
Which of the following skin conditions is highly contagious and contra-indicated to massage ?
Correct Answer
D. Verrucas
Explanation
Verrucas, also known as plantar warts, are highly contagious skin conditions caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). They are commonly found on the soles of the feet and can be easily spread through direct contact or contaminated surfaces. Massage therapists should avoid massaging clients with verrucas to prevent the spread of the virus to themselves or other clients. Therefore, verrucas are contraindicated to massage.
38.
Which of the following skin conditions is highly contagious and contra-indicated for massage ?
Correct Answer
C. Tinea corporis
Explanation
Tinea corporis is a highly contagious skin condition caused by a fungal infection. It is commonly known as ringworm and can be easily transmitted through direct contact with an infected person or contaminated objects. Massage therapy involves physical contact with the skin, and performing a massage on someone with tinea corporis can spread the infection to the therapist or other clients. Therefore, it is contraindicated for massage to prevent the further spread of the infection.
39.
Which of the following skin conditions is highly contagious and contra-indicated for massage ?
Correct Answer
D. Tinea pedis
Explanation
Tinea pedis, also known as athlete's foot, is a highly contagious fungal infection that affects the skin on the feet. It is contra-indicated for massage because the infection can easily spread to other parts of the body or to other individuals through direct contact. Massage involves close physical contact and can potentially exacerbate the spread of the infection. Therefore, it is important to avoid massaging clients with tinea pedis to prevent further contamination.
40.
Which of the following skin conditions is highly contagious and contra-indicated for massage ?
Correct Answer
C. Scabies
Explanation
Scabies is a highly contagious skin condition caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. It is transmitted through close skin-to-skin contact and can also be spread through shared bedding, clothing, or towels. The mites burrow into the skin, causing intense itching and a red, bumpy rash. Due to its contagious nature, massage is contraindicated for individuals with scabies to prevent the spread of the mites to the masseuse or other clients.
41.
Which of the following skin conditions is contra-indicated for massage due to the risk of spreading it or causing more damage ?
Correct Answer
A. Basal cell carcinoma
Explanation
Basal cell carcinoma is contra-indicated for massage due to the risk of spreading it or causing more damage. Basal cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that grows slowly and rarely spreads to other parts of the body. However, massaging the affected area can potentially disrupt the cancer cells and cause them to spread or cause more damage to the surrounding tissues. Therefore, it is important to avoid massage on areas with basal cell carcinoma to prevent any potential harm.
42.
Which if the following skin conditions is contra-indicated for massage due to the risk of spreading it or causing more damage ?
Correct Answer
A. Malignant melanoma
Explanation
Malignant melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can spread to other parts of the body if not treated promptly. Due to its aggressive nature, it is contraindicated for massage as it can potentially spread the cancer cells or cause more damage to the affected area. It is important to avoid any manipulation or pressure on the area affected by malignant melanoma to prevent its progression and ensure the client's safety.
43.
Which if the following skin conditions is contra-indicated for massage due to the risk of spreading it or causing more damage ?
Correct Answer
D. Squamous cell carcinoma
Explanation
Squamous cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that can spread to other parts of the body if not treated properly. Due to the risk of spreading the cancer or causing more damage, massage is contraindicated for this condition.
44.
Which of the following skin conditions should be avoided during massage ?
Correct Answer
B. Boils
Explanation
Boils should be avoided during massage because they are painful, inflamed, and contain pus. Massaging over boils can cause the infection to spread, worsen the condition, and potentially lead to complications. It is important to avoid applying pressure or friction on boils to prevent further discomfort and potential damage to the skin.
45.
Which of the following skin conditions should be avoided during massage ?
Correct Answer
D. Acne vulgaris
Explanation
Acne vulgaris should be avoided during massage because it is a common skin condition characterized by inflamed and infected sebaceous glands. Massaging acne-prone skin can aggravate the condition, causing further inflammation and potential spread of bacteria. It is important to avoid applying pressure or friction to active acne lesions to prevent worsening the condition and promoting scarring.
46.
Which of the following skin conditions should be avoided during massage ?
Correct Answer
C. Ulcer
Explanation
During a massage, ulcers should be avoided as they are open sores or wounds on the skin. Massaging over an ulcer can cause further irritation, pain, and potential infection. It is important to avoid putting pressure or friction on ulcers to allow them to heal properly.
47.
Which of the following skin conditions should be avoided during massage ?
Correct Answer
A. Open wound
Explanation
During a massage, it is important to avoid any skin condition that can be aggravated or worsened by manipulation or pressure. An open wound should be avoided as it is vulnerable to infection and can easily get irritated or bleed during a massage. The other skin conditions listed, such as psoriasis, acne rosacea, and ephelides (freckles), may not necessarily be contraindications for massage and can be safely worked around or massaged with caution. However, an open wound requires special care and should be avoided altogether during a massage.
48.
Which of the following skin conditions should be avoided during massage ?
Correct Answer
B. Sunburn
Explanation
Sunburn should be avoided during massage because the skin is already inflamed and sensitive. Massaging sunburned skin can further damage the skin and cause pain and discomfort. It is important to wait for the sunburn to heal before performing a massage to prevent any additional irritation or injury to the skin.
49.
On techniques of which physiologist from sweden is modern massage based ?
Correct Answer
C. Per henrik ling
Explanation
Per Henrik Ling, a physiologist from Sweden, is the basis for modern massage techniques. His contributions to the field of physiology and his development of the Swedish massage technique have had a significant impact on the modern practice of massage therapy. Ling's techniques focus on manipulating the soft tissues of the body to promote relaxation, improve circulation, and relieve muscle tension. His work laid the foundation for the development of various massage techniques used today.
50.
What society was founded in 1884 to return respectability to massage ?
Correct Answer
A. Society of trained masseuses
Explanation
The society of trained masseuses was founded in 1884 with the aim of restoring respectability to the field of massage. This suggests that at the time, massage may have been associated with negative connotations or lacked proper training and standards. By establishing a society specifically for trained masseuses, it indicates a desire to professionalize the practice and ensure that it is conducted with expertise and professionalism.