1.
Learning is an experiential process. You do not need senses to learn.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
This statement is false because learning is indeed an experiential process, but it heavily relies on our senses. Our senses, such as sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell, allow us to perceive and gather information from the environment. These sensory inputs are crucial for our brain to process and make sense of the world around us, enabling us to learn and acquire knowledge. Without our senses, the ability to learn would be greatly impaired or even impossible.
2.
Learning results in a relatively permanent change as it can not be explained by temporary states, maturation, or innate response tendencies. What has been learned can be permanent, but it can also be temporary. (what can be learned can be unlearned)
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Learning results in a relatively permanent change because it is not influenced by temporary states, maturation, or innate response tendencies. This means that what is learned can be retained over time and is not easily forgotten. However, it is important to note that what has been learned can also be unlearned, indicating that learning is not always permanent and can be reversed or forgotten with time or lack of practice.
3.
This refers to a natural process happening at a particular developmental period.
Correct Answer
C. Maturation
Explanation
Maturation refers to the natural process of development that occurs at a specific period. It involves the growth and progression of an organism, leading to physical and behavioral changes. Unlike innate response, which is an automatic and instinctive reaction, maturation is a gradual and ongoing process. It is also different from a temporary state, as maturation involves long-term and permanent changes. Therefore, maturation is the most appropriate explanation for a natural process happening at a particular developmental period.
4.
This refers to the tendencies that are involuntary, i.e. instincts, reflexes.
Correct Answer
A. Innate Responses
Explanation
The given answer, "Innate Responses," is the correct option because it accurately describes the tendencies that are involuntary, such as instincts and reflexes. Innate responses are natural and instinctive behaviors that are present from birth and do not require any learning or conscious effort. These responses are often automatic and occur in response to specific stimuli, helping organisms to adapt and survive in their environment. Therefore, "Innate Responses" is the most suitable explanation for the given statement.
5.
Learning is a long-term change in mental representations as a result of experience. (ex. trauma from a car accident will lead to that person avoiding driving or cars)
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because learning involves a long-term change in mental representations that occurs as a result of experience. In the example given, the trauma from a car accident leads to a person avoiding driving or cars, which demonstrates a change in their mental representation and behavior due to the experience.
6.
The change that occurs during learning is the potential for behavior that does not need to depend on other conditions.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The given statement is false. The change that occurs during learning is the acquisition of new knowledge or skills that can be applied in various situations, rather than behavior that does not depend on other conditions. Learning involves the ability to adapt and modify behavior based on different circumstances and stimuli. Therefore, the potential for behavior during learning is actually the ability to depend on and respond to different conditions.
7.
This is the permanent change in behavior and is also called "characteristic".
Correct Answer
A. Trait
Explanation
The given statement describes a permanent change in behavior, which is a characteristic of an individual. This aligns with the definition of a trait, which refers to enduring qualities or attributes that define a person's behavior or personality. Therefore, the correct answer is "Trait."
8.
This is a behavior that depends on other conditions or circumstances.
Correct Answer
B. State
Explanation
In this context, "state" refers to a condition or situation that is subject to change based on other factors or circumstances. Traits, on the other hand, are inherent characteristics or qualities that are more stable and less influenced by external conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is "state" because the behavior described in the question is one that can vary depending on different conditions or circumstances.
9.
Learning is not always a permanent change. What can be learned can be unlearned and this is useful for maladaptive behavior.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Learning is not always a permanent change because what can be learned can also be unlearned. This means that if someone acquires knowledge or skills that are not beneficial or adaptive, they have the ability to undo or reverse that learning. This is particularly useful for maladaptive behaviors, which are harmful or counterproductive actions or habits. By being able to unlearn these behaviors, individuals can replace them with more positive and adaptive ones, leading to personal growth and improvement. Therefore, the statement that learning is not always a permanent change and can be useful for maladaptive behavior is true.
10.
Learning is the acquisition of knowledge that is always gained through study.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement claims that learning is always gained through study, which is not true. While study is one way to acquire knowledge, learning can also occur through various other means such as observation, experience, and experimentation. Therefore, the statement is false.
11.
Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skill through study, teaching, or experience.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement accurately defines learning as the process of acquiring knowledge or skill through study, teaching, or experience. This aligns with the commonly accepted understanding of learning as a cognitive process that involves gaining new information or abilities through various means such as formal education, self-study, or practical application. Therefore, the correct answer is true.
12.
Learning is a process by which behavior is changed or controlled.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Learning refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, attitudes, or behaviors through experience, study, or teaching. It involves a change in behavior or the ability to perform certain tasks or actions. Therefore, the statement "Learning is a process by which behavior is changed or controlled" is true as it accurately reflects the nature of learning.
13.
Learning is the individual process of constructing understanding based on experience from a small range of sources.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
It is based on experience from a wide range of sources
14.
Learning is something most humans do.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
It is done by all humans, from fetus onwards
15.
Learning is uniquely human. Other living beings do not really have the capacity to learn.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Animals are also able to learn
16.
Learning evolved as an adaptation for promoting survival.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Learning evolved as an adaptation for promoting survival. This means that over time, organisms developed the ability to learn in order to increase their chances of surviving in their environment. By learning from past experiences and acquiring new skills and knowledge, organisms were able to adapt and make better decisions, ultimately enhancing their chances of survival. This adaptation allowed them to respond to changes in their environment, find food, avoid predators, and reproduce successfully. Therefore, it can be concluded that the statement is true.
17.
This is the primitive way of learning. It is the decreased response to a stimulus after frequently repeated exposure.
Correct Answer
B. Habituation
Explanation
Habituation refers to the decreased response to a stimulus after repeated exposure. This is considered a primitive way of learning because it involves a simple form of adaptation to the environment. Through habituation, an individual becomes less responsive to a stimulus over time, as they become familiar with it. This allows the individual to conserve energy and focus on more important or novel stimuli. Sensory adaptation, on the other hand, refers to the physiological changes that occur in sensory receptors due to prolonged exposure to a stimulus. Exploration, while related to learning, does not specifically refer to the decreased response to a stimulus.
18.
This refers to the receptors changing or reducing their sensitivity to constant or unchanging stimulus. It is usually temporary.
Correct Answer
A. Sensory Adaptation
Explanation
Sensory adaptation refers to the receptors changing or reducing their sensitivity to a constant or unchanging stimulus. This process is usually temporary and allows our senses to become less responsive to stimuli that are continuously present. It helps us focus on new or changing stimuli rather than being overwhelmed by constant sensory input.
19.
Tick the boxes that are involved in the process of learning.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Learning involves the individual
E. Learning occurs over time
G. Learning involves others
H. Learning takes place somewhere
Explanation
Learning involves the individual because it is a personal process that requires the active participation and engagement of the learner. Learning occurs over time because it is a gradual and continuous process that takes place over a period of time. Learning involves others because it often involves interactions and collaborations with other individuals, such as teachers, peers, or mentors. Learning takes place somewhere because it requires a physical or virtual environment where the learning activities and experiences can occur.
20.
Learning involves the individual focuses on the individual's brain and body.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is suggesting that learning is a process that involves the individual's brain and body. This implies that learning is not solely a mental activity but also involves physical engagement and the integration of both mind and body. Therefore, the answer "True" aligns with the idea that learning encompasses the individual's brain and body.
21.
Learning takes place somewhere talks about the physical environment and the tools used.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
This statement is true because learning is not limited to just the classroom or a specific location. Learning can take place anywhere, whether it's in a classroom, a library, a park, or even at home. The physical environment plays a significant role in creating a conducive learning atmosphere, providing resources, and facilitating different learning experiences. Additionally, the tools used, such as books, technology, or hands-on materials, also contribute to the learning process. Therefore, it is accurate to say that learning takes place somewhere talks about the physical environment and the tools used.
22.
The products of learning are (1) ideas and concepts, (2) behaviors and skills, (3) attitudes and values.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement is true because the products of learning can indeed be categorized into three main areas: ideas and concepts, behaviors and skills, and attitudes and values. When individuals learn, they acquire new ideas and concepts, develop new behaviors and skills, and may also adopt new attitudes and values. These products of learning are essential for personal growth, development, and adaptation to various situations and environments.
23.
Attitude --> influences behavior --> causing experience
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
experience --> influences attitude --> causing behavior
24.
Tick the boxes of the domain(s) involved in Content.
Correct Answer(s)
A. To know
E. To understand
Explanation
The domain of Content involves knowing and understanding. Knowing refers to having knowledge or awareness about something, while understanding refers to comprehending or grasping the meaning or significance of something. Both these domains are related to acquiring information and gaining insights, which are essential aspects of content.
25.
Tick the boxes of the domain(s) involved in Skills.
Correct Answer
B. To be able to do
Explanation
Skills are abilities or competencies that allow individuals to perform specific tasks or activities. The phrase "to be able to do" implies the capability or proficiency required to successfully carry out certain actions or achieve specific outcomes. Therefore, ticking the box for "to be able to do" indicates that this domain is involved in skills.
26.
Tick the boxes of the domain(s) involved in Attitudes.
Correct Answer(s)
C. To believe
D. To feel
Explanation
Attitudes are subjective evaluations or judgments that individuals hold towards certain people, objects, or situations. Beliefs and feelings are key components of attitudes. Beliefs refer to the cognitive aspect of attitudes, representing what individuals hold to be true or false. Feelings, on the other hand, represent the affective aspect of attitudes, reflecting the emotional responses individuals have towards a particular object or situation. Therefore, the domains involved in attitudes include the ability to believe and the ability to feel.
27.
This talks about one's knowledge and understanding (ex. programming language, gears)
Correct Answer
A. Content
Explanation
The correct answer is "Content". This is because content refers to the specific knowledge and understanding that an individual possesses, such as their expertise in a programming language or their familiarity with gears. It encompasses the factual information and subject matter expertise that one has acquired over time.
28.
This talks about the psychomotor and process skills (ex. using tools, working in groups, designing and carrying out tests for a prototype, communication)
Correct Answer
B. Skills
Explanation
The given answer is "Skills". The explanation for this answer is that the question is discussing the psychomotor and process skills. These skills refer to the ability to use tools, work in groups, design and carry out tests for a prototype, and communicate effectively. Therefore, the answer "Skills" accurately reflects the content of the question.
29.
This talks about the interests, beliefs, opinions, and values of an individual (ex. respect, self-confidence, enjoyment)
Correct Answer
C. Attitudes
Explanation
This question is asking for the term that describes the interests, beliefs, opinions, and values of an individual. The term that best fits this description is "attitudes." Attitudes refer to the mental and emotional positions or dispositions that individuals hold towards certain ideas, people, or situations. They are shaped by a person's experiences, upbringing, and social environment, and they play a crucial role in shaping behavior and decision-making. Attitudes can include qualities such as respect, self-confidence, and enjoyment, which align with the interests, beliefs, opinions, and values mentioned in the question.
30.
Tick the box if it is a determinant in knowing when learning has occurred.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Performing a completely new behavior
B. Changing the frequency of an existing behavior
C. Changing the speed of existing behavior
D. Changing the intensity of an existing behavior
E. Responding differently to a particular stimulus
Explanation
All of the options listed are determinants in knowing when learning has occurred. Performing a completely new behavior indicates that learning has taken place as the individual has acquired a new skill. Changing the frequency, speed, and intensity of an existing behavior also indicate learning as the individual has modified their behavior based on previous experiences. Lastly, responding differently to a particular stimulus suggests that learning has occurred as the individual has adapted their response to the stimulus.
31.
Tick the boxes that fall under Basic Research.
Correct Answer(s)
B. Theoretical and exploratory in nature
C. Expands current knowledge
F. Predicts future pHenomena
G. Wider scope
H. Curiosity-driven
K. Does not have direct commercial objectives
M. Less often appearance in academic publications
Q. Takes place in sterile environment
R. Less connected with economy
Explanation
Basic research is theoretical and exploratory in nature, as it aims to explore and understand fundamental concepts and phenomena. It expands current knowledge by uncovering new information and insights. It also predicts future phenomena by generating hypotheses and theories that can be tested and validated. Basic research has a wider scope, as it is not limited to specific practical applications or problems. It is curiosity-driven and does not have direct commercial objectives. It is less often published in academic publications, as its focus is on generating knowledge rather than practical solutions. It takes place in a sterile environment, such as a laboratory, to control variables and ensure accurate results. It is less connected with the economy, as its main goal is to advance knowledge rather than immediate economic benefits.
32.
Only animals are protected by oversight and ethical guidelines.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is false because not only animals but also human subjects in research are protected by oversight and ethical guidelines. Research involving human subjects must adhere to strict ethical guidelines and obtain informed consent from participants. Oversight committees, such as Institutional Review Boards (IRBs), review and approve research protocols involving both animals and humans to ensure the protection of their rights and welfare. Therefore, animals are not the only ones protected; human subjects are also protected by oversight and ethical guidelines.
33.
It is highly unethical and not allowed for research to inflict pain or injury to animals and humans.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
The statement is incorrect because it is not entirely true. While it is generally considered unethical to intentionally inflict pain or injury on animals and humans for research purposes, there are certain circumstances where it may be deemed necessary, such as in medical research where the potential benefits outweigh the harm caused. However, strict regulations and ethical guidelines are in place to ensure that any research involving pain or injury is conducted with the utmost care and consideration for the well-being of the subjects involved.
34.
Animals are used in research because people have complex behaviors.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Animals are used in research because they share many biological and behavioral similarities with humans. By studying animals, scientists can gain insights into complex behaviors and physiological processes that are difficult to study directly in humans. This allows for the development of new treatments, medications, and interventions that can benefit both humans and animals. Additionally, animals provide a controlled and ethical way to conduct experiments and test hypotheses before potentially moving on to human trials. Therefore, the statement that animals are used in research because people have complex behaviors is true.
35.
It is easy to control prior learning, environment, and experiences in people because learning can also be temporary.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
This statement is false because it is not easy to control prior learning, environment, and experiences in people. Learning is a complex process influenced by various factors, including individual differences, personal motivation, and external circumstances. Additionally, learning is not always temporary; it can lead to long-lasting changes in knowledge, skills, and behavior. Therefore, it is incorrect to claim that controlling these factors is easy.
36.
Some types of researches cannot be done with animals: Case histories cannot be used to infer causality.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
False. In fact, animals can be lesioned to show which brain areas control behaviors help show causality.
37.
Research on the brain, learning, new students, and their learning styles, technology, and globalization lead to the changing landscapes of teaching and learning.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement suggests that research on various factors such as the brain, learning, new students, learning styles, technology, and globalization has resulted in the changing landscapes of teaching and learning. This implies that advancements in these areas have influenced the way education is approached and delivered. Therefore, the answer "True" is correct as it aligns with the information provided in the statement.
38.
Research on learning is active and learner-centered, collaborative, roles of transfer and metacognition, the importance of community and civic engagement. In short, it is multidimensional.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The given explanation suggests that research on learning is multidimensional and encompasses various aspects such as being active and learner-centered, collaborative, considering the roles of transfer and metacognition, and recognizing the importance of community and civic engagement. Therefore, the statement "Research on learning is active and learner-centered, collaborative, roles of transfer and metacognition, the importance of community and civic engagement. In short, it is multidimensional" is true.
39.
Generation Z prefers using senses for learning styles.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
Generation Z prefers active learning, teamwork, civic engagement, and using technology
40.
Technology and Globalization is the age of communication and multimedia which emphasizes adaptability and lifelong learning as the new definition of "educated".
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement suggests that in the age of technology and globalization, being educated is no longer just about acquiring knowledge, but also about being adaptable and continuously learning throughout one's life. This aligns with the current trend where communication and multimedia play a vital role in education. Therefore, the answer is true.
41.
Tick the boxes that fall under Learning Principles.
Correct Answer(s)
B. Identify certain factors that influence learning and describe the specific effect these factors have
C. Tend to be fairly stable over time (law)
F. Tell us what factors are important for learning
Explanation
The answer choices that fall under Learning Principles include identifying certain factors that influence learning and describing the specific effect these factors have. This aligns with the idea that learning principles seek to identify and understand the factors that impact learning outcomes. Additionally, learning principles tend to be fairly stable over time, meaning that they hold true in various contexts and situations. Lastly, learning principles tell us what factors are important for learning, providing valuable insights into the process of learning.
42.
Tick the boxes that fall under Learning Theories.
Correct Answer(s)
A. May be modified
D. Explains and predicts behavior
E. Can never be established beyond all doubt
G. Seldom have to be thrown out completely if thoroughly tested, but sometimes a theory may be widely accepted for a long time and later disproved
H. Provides a general explanation for observations made over time
Explanation
The given answer choices fall under Learning Theories because they explain and predict behavior, provide a general explanation for observations made over time, and can be modified or disproved if thoroughly tested. Learning theories aim to understand how individuals acquire knowledge and skills, and these answer choices align with the characteristics of learning theories by emphasizing the importance of explaining and predicting behavior, being subject to modification, and providing a general framework for understanding learning processes.
43.
According to Plato (empiricist), truth is found outside of ourselves. He also developed a scientific method of gathering data. "There's nothing in the intellect that wasn't previously in the senses".
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Plato, as a rationalist philosopher, believed that truth is not found outside of ourselves but rather within our intellect. He argued that knowledge is innate and that the senses are not the primary source of truth. This is contrary to the statement given, which suggests that truth is found outside of ourselves. Therefore, the answer is false.
44.
According to Aristotle (rationalist), truth is found within ourselves. Ideas do not belong to the actual world, and knowledge is innate (in place at birth) and drawn out when the teacher asks questions and through self-reflection (recollecting fundamental insights)
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
According to Aristotle, truth is not found within ourselves, but rather in the actual world. He believed that ideas and knowledge are not innate, but rather acquired through observation and experience. The correct answer is False.
45.
John Locke believed Plato is wrong and Aristotle is right. He believed in Tabula Rasa (blank slate) theory of learning, that is, we enter world devoid of content and simple ideas are remembered and built upon by internal phenomena and not invented. Learner is passive as experience happens to them and not engage in them.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
John Locke believed in the theory of Tabula Rasa, which states that individuals are born with a blank slate and all knowledge and ideas are acquired through experience. He disagreed with Plato's theory of innate knowledge and believed that knowledge is not pre-existing, but rather formed through sensory experiences and reflection. According to Locke, individuals passively receive experiences and ideas, which are then built upon and remembered through internal processes. Therefore, the statement that John Locke believed Plato is wrong and Aristotle is right, and that he believed in the Tabula Rasa theory of learning, is true.
46.
The psychology of learning profoundly influences our approach to understanding human behavior.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The statement suggests that the psychology of learning has a significant impact on how we comprehend and interpret human behavior. This implies that our understanding of why people behave the way they do is heavily influenced by the principles and theories of learning psychology. Therefore, the answer is true.
47.
Refers to a treatment or process that diminishes emotional responsiveness to a negative, aversive or positive stimulus after repeated exposure to it.
Correct Answer
C. Desensitization
Explanation
"adaptation refers to a decreased response of sensory receptors to a given stimulus intensity, and this is mostly a peripheral process. Habituation implies a higher more central change in the stimulus-response circuitry that is more like what we think of as "learning." Desensitization is a term that is used in psychology to describe a decreased response to noxious or otherwise unpleasant stimuli, without necessarily a decreased sensitivity of the sensory receptors themselves"
https://forums.studentdoctor.net/threads/adaptation-vs-desensitization-vs-habituation.1218111/
48.
Active participation falls under which condition for learning?
Correct Answer
A. Readiness
Explanation
Readiness is the condition for active participation in learning. When a learner is ready, they possess the necessary motivation, interest, and mental preparedness to engage in the learning process. This readiness allows them to actively participate, contribute, and absorb the information being presented, leading to a more effective learning experience. Ability refers to the learner's skills and capabilities, while environment refers to the surrounding conditions that can support or hinder learning. However, it is readiness that specifically relates to the learner's willingness and readiness to actively engage in the learning process.
49.
Age group falls under which condition for learning?
Correct Answer
B. Ability
Explanation
The age group falls under the condition of ability for learning. This means that the individual's capability and potential to acquire knowledge and skills play a significant role in their learning process. It suggests that learning is influenced by the individual's cognitive, physical, and emotional abilities, which determine their readiness to grasp and understand new information.
50.
Attentional set falls under which condition for learning?
Correct Answer
A. Readiness
Explanation
Readiness refers to the state of being prepared or receptive to learning. Attentional set, in the context of learning, is the ability to focus and direct attention towards a specific task or stimulus. When an individual is ready to learn, they are more likely to have the necessary focus and attentional set to engage in the learning process effectively. Therefore, attentional set falls under the condition of readiness for learning.