Homeostasis GCSE Revision Quiz

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| By HelenCarlyle

HelenCarlyle

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Quizzes Created: 1 | Total Attempts: 598

Questions: 58 | Attempts: 598 | Updated: Apr 19, 2024

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Questions and Answers

1.

What is a neuron?
- A.
  
  Specialised cell
- B.
  
  A nerve
- C.
  
  A hormone
- D.
  
  Found in the centre of the nucleus
Correct Answer
A. Specialised cell

Explanation
A neuron is a specialized cell that is responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. Neurons are the building blocks of the nervous system and play a crucial role in the communication between different parts of the body. They receive and process signals from other neurons or sensory receptors, and then transmit these signals to other neurons or target cells, such as muscles or glands. Neurons are highly specialized in their structure and function, allowing them to efficiently carry out their role in the nervous system.

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2.

Select the three types of neurons found in the nervous system
- A.
  
  Sensory neuron
- B.
  
  Active neuron
- C.
  
  Reflex neuron
- D.
  
  Relay neuron
- E.
  
  Motor neuron
Correct Answer(s)
A. Sensory neuron
D. Relay neuron
E. Motor neuron

Explanation
The three types of neurons found in the nervous system are sensory neurons, relay neurons, and motor neurons. Sensory neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the sensory organs to the central nervous system. Relay neurons, also known as interneurons, are located within the central nervous system and facilitate communication between sensory neurons and motor neurons. Motor neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands, allowing for movement and response.

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3.

Which neuron carries signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the effector?
- A.
  
  Sensory neuron
- B.
  
  Motor neuron
- C.
  
  Process neuron
- D.
  
  Relay neuron
Correct Answer
B. Motor neuron

Explanation
A motor neuron carries signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the effector. The effector is the muscle or gland that responds to the signal and produces a specific action. Motor neurons are responsible for transmitting these signals, allowing the CNS to control and coordinate voluntary and involuntary movements in the body.

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4.

Which neuron is essential for a reflex action to occur?
- A.
  
  Sensory neuron
- B.
  
  Process neuron
- C.
  
  Motor neuron
- D.
  
  Relay neuron
Correct Answer
D. Relay neuron

Explanation
Relay neurones relay information between the sensory neuron and motor neuron during a reflex action

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5.

Which neuron carries signals from the receptors to the central nervous system?
- A.
  
  Relay neurons
- B.
  
  Motor neurons
- C.
  
  Sensory neurons
- D.
  
  Process neurons
Correct Answer
C. Sensory neurons

Explanation
Sensory neurons are responsible for carrying signals from the receptors (such as those in the skin, eyes, ears, etc.) to the central nervous system. These neurons transmit sensory information from the external environment or internal body conditions to the brain and spinal cord, allowing us to perceive and respond to various stimuli. They play a crucial role in our ability to sense and interpret the world around us.

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6.

What are the major organs of the nervous system?
- A.
  
  Heart
- B.
  
  Brain
- C.
  
  Spinal cord
- D.
  
  Lungs
Correct Answer(s)
B. Brain
C. Spinal cord

Explanation
The major organs of the nervous system are the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the control center of the body, responsible for processing information, making decisions, and coordinating bodily functions. The spinal cord is a long bundle of nerves that runs down the back and connects the brain to the rest of the body. It serves as a pathway for transmitting signals between the brain and the body, allowing for communication and control of various bodily functions.

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7.

What is the name of the microscopic gap where two neurons meet and transmit impulses?
- A.
  
  Transmitter bridge
- B.
  
  Synapse
- C.
  
  Impulse bridge
- D.
  
  Sensor
Correct Answer
B. Synapse

Explanation
A synapse is the microscopic gap where two neurons meet and transmit impulses. It is the point of communication between neurons, where electrical signals are converted into chemical signals and transmitted across the gap. This allows for the transmission of information between neurons and is crucial for the functioning of the nervous system.

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8.

What are the names of the molecules that are released at the gap between the neurons?
- A.
  
  Electrical transmitter molecules
- B.
  
  Chemical neurotransmitter molecules
- C.
  
  Transmitter molecules
- D.
  
  Electrical neurotransmitter molecules
Correct Answer
B. Chemical neurotransmitter molecules

Explanation
The correct answer is "chemical neurotransmitter molecules". Neurons communicate with each other through small gaps called synapses. When an electrical signal reaches the end of a neuron, it triggers the release of chemical neurotransmitter molecules into the synapse. These molecules then bind to receptors on the next neuron, transmitting the signal across the synapse and allowing for communication between neurons.

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9.

Is the transmission of the electrical impulse between neutrons chemical, electrical or neither?
- A.
  
  Electrical
- B.
  
  Chemical
- C.
  
  Hormonal
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Chemical

Explanation
The transmission of electrical impulses between neurons is primarily chemical. Neurons communicate with each other through the release and reception of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters are released from the axon of one neuron and bind to receptors on the dendrites of another neuron, allowing the electrical signal to be transmitted. While there is an electrical component to the process, as the electrical impulse triggers the release of neurotransmitters, the overall transmission is considered to be chemical in nature.

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10.

Select three body functions that are reflex actions?
- A.
  
  Breathing
- B.
  
  Coughing
- C.
  
  Laughing
- D.
  
  Child birth
Correct Answer(s)
A. Breathing
B. Coughing
C. Laughing

Explanation
Breathing, coughing, and laughing are reflex actions because they are involuntary responses controlled by the autonomic nervous system. These actions occur automatically and do not require conscious effort or thought. Breathing is necessary for supplying oxygen to the body, coughing helps to clear the airways, and laughing is a natural response to humor or amusement. Childbirth, on the other hand, is not a reflex action as it involves a complex series of voluntary muscle contractions and conscious effort from the mother.

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11.

What is the name of the pathway in the nervous system that controls a reflex action?
- A.
  
  Relay arc
- B.
  
  Reflex arc
- C.
  
  Replay arc
- D.
  
  Rapid arc
Correct Answer
B. Reflex arc

Explanation
The correct answer is "Reflex arc." In the nervous system, a reflex action is controlled by a pathway called the reflex arc. This arc involves the sensory neurons, which receive stimuli from the environment, and transmit the information to the spinal cord. In the spinal cord, the information is quickly processed and a motor response is generated through motor neurons, which then carry the response to the muscles or glands involved in the reflex action. The reflex arc allows for rapid and automatic responses to certain stimuli without the need for conscious thought or decision-making.

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12.

The blue line represents which neuron in a reflex action?
- A.
  
  Motor neuron
- B.
  
  Sensory neuron
- C.
  
  Relay neuron
- D.
  
  Process neuron
Correct Answer
A. Motor neuron

Explanation
The blue line represents the motor neuron in a reflex action. Motor neurons are responsible for carrying signals from the central nervous system to the muscles or glands, causing them to react or respond. In a reflex action, the motor neuron is activated by a sensory neuron, which detects a stimulus, and it then triggers a quick and automatic response without involving conscious thought. Therefore, the motor neuron is the correct answer as it is the neuron that carries the signal to initiate the reflex action.

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13.

The purple line represents which neuron in a reflex action?
- A.
  
  Reflex neuron
- B.
  
  Sensory neuron
- C.
  
  Motor neuron
- D.
  
  Process neuron
Correct Answer
B. Sensory neuron

Explanation
The purple line represents the sensory neuron in a reflex action. Sensory neurons are responsible for transmitting information from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system. In the context of a reflex action, the sensory neuron would detect a stimulus and send the information to the spinal cord or brain, triggering a rapid and involuntary response. This response is then carried out by the motor neuron, which controls the muscles or glands involved in the reflex action. Therefore, the sensory neuron plays a crucial role in initiating and transmitting sensory information in a reflex action.

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14.

The green line represents which neuron in a reflex action?
- A.
  
  Process neuron
- B.
  
  Relay neuron
- C.
  
  Sensory neuron
- D.
  
  Motor neuron
Correct Answer
B. Relay neuron

Explanation
The green line represents the relay neuron in a reflex action. Relay neurons, also known as interneurons, are responsible for transmitting signals between sensory neurons and motor neurons. They are found in the spinal cord and brain and play a crucial role in coordinating and integrating information during reflex actions.

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15.

What reaction is involuntary and does not need the involvement of the brain?
- A.
  
  Relay action
- B.
  
  Reflex action
- C.
  
  Receptor action
- D.
  
  Rapid action
Correct Answer
B. Reflex action

Explanation
Reflex action is an involuntary reaction that does not require the involvement of the brain. It is a rapid and automatic response to a stimulus, which is mediated by the spinal cord or peripheral nerves. This type of action allows the body to respond quickly to potential threats or dangers without the need for conscious thought or decision-making from the brain.

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16.

Homeostasis is achieved through the interaction and coordination of which systems.
- A.
  
  Nervous system
- B.
  
  Endocrine system
- C.
  
  Respiratory system
- D.
  
  Digetive system
Correct Answer(s)
A. Nervous system
B. Endocrine system

Explanation
Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment. The nervous system and endocrine system play crucial roles in achieving this balance. The nervous system controls and coordinates the body's activities through electrical signals and neurotransmitters, while the endocrine system regulates bodily functions through the release of hormones. These two systems work together to monitor and adjust various physiological processes, such as temperature, blood pressure, and metabolism, to ensure that the body remains in a state of equilibrium. Therefore, the interaction and coordination between the nervous system and endocrine system are essential for achieving homeostasis.

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17.

Select the correct definition of Homeostasis.
- A.
  
  Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment outside the body
- B.
  
  Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant external environment outside the body.
- C.
  
  Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment within the body.
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment within the body.

Explanation
Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable and constant internal environment. This includes regulating various factors such as temperature, pH levels, blood sugar levels, and hormone levels. This process is essential for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, and organs. By maintaining a stable internal environment, homeostasis ensures that the body can carry out its normal physiological processes efficiently.

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18.

What is the ideal temperature for enzymes to work in the body?
- A.
  
  34 degrees
- B.
  
  35 degrees
- C.
  
  36 degrees
- D.
  
  37 degrees
Correct Answer
D. 37 degrees

Explanation
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They are highly sensitive to temperature changes and have an optimal temperature at which they work most efficiently. The ideal temperature for enzymes to work in the body is 37 degrees Celsius. This is because the human body maintains a constant internal temperature of around 37 degrees Celsius, which allows enzymes to function optimally and maintain homeostasis. Deviations from this temperature can denature enzymes, leading to a loss of their catalytic activity.

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19.

What are the 3 components that make up all automatic control systems?
- A.
  
  Effectors
- B.
  
  Receptors
- C.
  
  Reflectors
- D.
  
  Coordination centres
- E.
  
  Effectives
Correct Answer(s)
A. Effectors
B. Receptors
D. Coordination centres

Explanation
The three components that make up all automatic control systems are effectors, receptors, and coordination centers. Effectors are responsible for carrying out the desired action or response, receptors detect and measure the current state or condition, and coordination centers receive information from receptors and send instructions to effectors to achieve the desired outcome. These components work together to create a closed-loop system that continuously monitors and adjusts the system's behavior based on feedback.

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20.

What triggers a receptor?
- A.
  
  A stimulation
- B.
  
  A stimuli
- C.
  
  A stigma
- D.
  
  Option 4
Correct Answer
B. A stimuli

Explanation
A receptor is triggered by a stimuli, which refers to any kind of external or internal change or signal that can activate a receptor. The term "stimuli" is the plural form of "stimulus," indicating that multiple stimuli can trigger a receptor. This explanation is supported by the fact that receptors are specialized structures that detect and respond to specific stimuli, such as light, pressure, or chemicals, allowing organisms to perceive and react to their environment.

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21.

What are muscles and glands ?
- A.
  
  Receptors
- B.
  
  Effectors
- C.
  
  Coordination centre
- D.
  
  Receptives
Correct Answer
B. Effectors

Explanation
Muscles and glands are effectors in the human body. Effectors are organs or structures that respond to signals from the nervous system or other stimuli. Muscles are effectors because they contract and relax to produce movement, while glands are effectors because they secrete hormones or other substances. Both muscles and glands play important roles in coordination and regulation of bodily functions.

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22.

What order does a impulse flow from receptor to an effector?
- A.
  
  Stimulus, receptor, co-ordinator, response, effector
- B.
  
  Receptor, effector, stimulus, co-ordinator, response
- C.
  
  Stimulus, Receptor, co-ordinator, effector, response
- D.
  
  Stimulus, effector, co-ordinator, receptor, response
Correct Answer
C. Stimulus, Receptor, co-ordinator, effector, response

Explanation
In this question, the correct order of the impulse flow from receptor to effector is given as "Stimulus, Receptor, co-ordinator, effector, response." This order follows the sequence of events in a reflex arc. The stimulus is the external factor that triggers a response. The receptor detects the stimulus and sends signals to the coordinator (usually the central nervous system) to process the information. The coordinator then sends signals to the effector, which is the muscle or gland that carries out the response. Finally, the effector produces a response.

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23.

Which order does a reflex action follow?
- A.
  
  Stimulus, receptor, sensory neuron, relay neuron, effector
- B.
  
  Stimulus, receptor, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron, effector
- C.
  
  Stimulus, receptor, motor neuron, sensory neuron, relay neuron, effector
- D.
  
  Receptor, stimulus, motor neuron, relay neuron, sensory neuron, effector
Correct Answer
B. Stimulus, receptor, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron, effector

Explanation
The correct order for a reflex action is stimulus, receptor, sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron, effector. This sequence begins with the stimulus, which triggers a response in the receptor. The receptor then sends signals through the sensory neuron to the relay neuron, which processes the information. The relay neuron then sends signals through the motor neuron to the effector, which carries out the response. This order ensures that the reflex action is carried out quickly and efficiently.

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24.

What is the main type of control that organisms use to maintain a stable internal environment?
- A.
  
  Hormonal feedback
- B.
  
  Negative feedback
- C.
  
  Positive feedback
- D.
  
  Nervous feedback
Correct Answer
B. Negative feedback

Explanation
Negative feedback is the main type of control that organisms use to maintain a stable internal environment. Negative feedback occurs when a change in a variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change, bringing the variable back to its set point. This helps maintain homeostasis, the state of internal balance within an organism. In negative feedback, the response opposes the change, ensuring that the variable stays within a narrow range. This is different from positive feedback, where the response amplifies the initial change, and hormonal and nervous feedback are mechanisms that work within the negative feedback system.

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25.

A definition of a negative feedback is
- A.
  
  Stimulating a change away from homeostasis.
- B.
  
  Stimulating a change towards homeostasis.
- C.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Stimulating a change towards homeostasis.

Explanation
A negative feedback is a regulatory mechanism in which a change in a physiological variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change, bringing the variable back towards its set point or homeostasis. This helps maintain stability and balance in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is "stimulating a change towards homeostasis."

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26.

A definition of a positive feedback is
- A.
  
  Stimulating a change away from homeostasis.
- B.
  
  Stimulating a change towards homeostasis
- C.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Stimulating a change away from homeostasis.

Explanation
A positive feedback is a process in which the initial stimulus or change is amplified, leading to a further deviation from the normal state of homeostasis. This means that the correct answer, "stimulating a change away from homeostasis," accurately describes the nature of positive feedback. In this type of feedback, the response reinforces and intensifies the original change, rather than working to restore balance or return to homeostasis.

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27.

Select two examples of a positive feedback loop?
- A.
  
  Glucose levels
- B.
  
  Blood clotting
- C.
  
  Child birth
- D.
  
  Ovulation
Correct Answer(s)
B. Blood clotting
C. Child birth

Explanation
Blood clotting and child birth are examples of positive feedback loops. In a positive feedback loop, the output or response of a system amplifies or reinforces the initial stimulus, leading to a greater response. In blood clotting, when a blood vessel is injured, platelets adhere to the site and release chemicals that attract more platelets, leading to the formation of a blood clot. This clotting process continues until the bleeding stops. Similarly, during childbirth, contractions of the uterus stimulate the release of oxytocin, which causes more contractions, leading to the progression of labor and ultimately the birth of the baby.

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28.

Select two organs that help maintain glucose levels?
- A.
  
  Appendix
- B.
  
  Liver
- C.
  
  Pancreas
- D.
  
  Kidneys
Correct Answer(s)
B. Liver
C. Pancreas

Explanation
The liver and pancreas are the two organs that help maintain glucose levels in the body. The liver plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by storing glucose as glycogen and releasing it when needed. It also helps in converting other substances into glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis. The pancreas produces insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. Together, these two organs work to ensure that the body maintains a stable glucose level for proper functioning.

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29.

Which two hormones does the pancreas release?
- A.
  
  Glucagon
- B.
  
  Glucogon
- C.
  
  Insulin
- D.
  
  Glucose
Correct Answer(s)
A. Glucagon
C. Insulin

Explanation
The pancreas releases two hormones, glucagon and insulin. Glucagon helps to increase blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. On the other hand, insulin helps to lower blood sugar levels by allowing cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream. These two hormones work together to maintain the balance of blood sugar in the body.

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30.

When does the pancreas secrete insulin?
- A.
  
  When blood glucose levels rise
- B.
  
  When blood glucose levels fall
- C.
  
  When blood glucose levels stop
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
A. When blood glucose levels rise

Explanation
The pancreas secretes insulin when blood glucose levels rise. Insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter cells, where it is used for energy or stored for later use. When blood glucose levels rise, the pancreas detects this increase and releases insulin to help lower the glucose levels back to normal. This process is essential for maintaining stable blood sugar levels and preventing hyperglycemia.

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31.

What hormone does the pancreas release if blood glucose levels fall?
- A.
  
  Glucagon
- B.
  
  Glucogon
- C.
  
  Insulin
- D.
  
  Glucose
Correct Answer
A. Glucagon

Explanation
The pancreas releases glucagon when blood glucose levels fall. Glucagon is a hormone that helps to increase blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose and release it into the bloodstream. This hormone acts in opposition to insulin, which is released when blood glucose levels are high and helps to lower them by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells.

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32.

What happens to excess glucose?
- A.
  
  Converted into glycogen
- B.
  
  Converted into glycagen
- C.
  
  Converted into insulin
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Converted into glycogen

Explanation
Excess glucose is converted into glycogen. Glycogen is a storage form of glucose that is stored in the liver and muscles. When blood glucose levels are high, the body converts the excess glucose into glycogen for later use. This process helps to regulate blood sugar levels and ensures that there is a steady supply of glucose available when needed.

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33.

Once the excess glucose has been converted, where is it stored?
- A.
  
  Liver and kidney
- B.
  
  Liver and muscles
- C.
  
  Kidney and muscles
- D.
  
  Kidney
Correct Answer
B. Liver and muscles

Explanation
Excess glucose is stored in the liver and muscles. The liver acts as a storage site for glucose in the form of glycogen, which can be broken down and released into the bloodstream when needed. The muscles also store glucose as glycogen, but this glycogen is primarily used to provide energy for muscle contractions during exercise. Both the liver and muscles play important roles in regulating blood glucose levels and providing energy to the body.

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34.

What does glucagon do?
- A.
  
  Stimulates liver to breakdown stored glycogen into glucose
- B.
  
  Stimulates liver to breakdown stored glycagen into glycogen
- C.
  
  Stimulates kidneys to breakdown stored glycogen into glucose
- D.
  
  Stops liver the breaking down stored glycogen into glucose
Correct Answer
B. Stimulates liver to breakdown stored glycagen into glycogen

Explanation
The correct answer is that glucagon stimulates the liver to breakdown stored glycogen into glucose, not into glycogen. Glycogen is a storage form of glucose, and when the body needs glucose for energy, glucagon signals the liver to release glucose by breaking down glycogen.

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35.

Which organ is both part of the control centre, is a receptor and an effector?
- A.
  
  Kidney
- B.
  
  Pancreas
- C.
  
  Liver
- D.
  
  Lungs
Correct Answer
B. Pancreas

Explanation
The pancreas is both part of the control center, as it produces and secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels, and it also acts as a receptor and effector. As a receptor, it detects changes in blood sugar levels and releases the appropriate hormones to maintain balance. As an effector, it responds to the hormones it produces by releasing them into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels.

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36.

When might you need additional glucose in the body?
- A.
  
  Sleeping
- B.
  
  Strenuous exercise
- C.
  
  Eating
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Strenuous exercise

Explanation
During strenuous exercise, the body requires additional glucose to provide energy to the muscles. Glucose is the primary source of fuel for the body, and during intense physical activity, the muscles need more energy to perform effectively. The body breaks down glycogen stores in the liver and muscles to release glucose into the bloodstream, ensuring a steady supply of energy. This helps to sustain the physical activity and prevent fatigue. Therefore, the need for additional glucose arises during strenuous exercise to meet the increased energy demands of the body.

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37.

People who have Type 1 diabetes...
- A.
  
  Can manage the disease through exercise and diet only
- B.
  
  Can make the hormone insulin
- C.
  
  Cannot make the hormone insulin
- D.
  
  Do not have to take medication
Correct Answer
C. Cannot make the hormone insulin

Explanation
Type 1 diabetes is a condition in which the body's immune system destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Therefore, people with Type 1 diabetes cannot make the hormone insulin on their own. As a result, they need to take insulin injections or use an insulin pump to manage their blood sugar levels. Exercise and diet are important for managing diabetes, but they alone cannot compensate for the lack of insulin production in Type 1 diabetes.

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38.

Select two ways a reflex action is different to an action controlled by hormones
- A.
  
  Response is quicker
- B.
  
  Response is slower
- C.
  
  Involves neurons
- D.
  
  Transmitted through blood
Correct Answer(s)
A. Response is quicker
C. Involves neurons

Explanation
A reflex action is an involuntary and rapid response to a stimulus, which involves the activation of neurons in the spinal cord or brainstem. This allows for a quick response to potential danger or harm. On the other hand, an action controlled by hormones is a slower process that involves the release of chemical messengers into the bloodstream. Hormones take time to travel through the bloodstream and reach their target cells, resulting in a slower response compared to reflex actions. Additionally, hormone-controlled actions may involve multiple organs and systems, while reflex actions mainly involve the nervous system.

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39.

Select two ways a hormone reaction is different to a reflex action.
- A.
  
  Response is quicker
- B.
  
  Response is slower
- C.
  
  Affect many areas of the body
- D.
  
  Affects only one part of the body
Correct Answer(s)
B. Response is slower
C. Affect many areas of the body

Explanation
A hormone reaction is different from a reflex action in two ways. Firstly, the response of a hormone reaction is slower compared to a reflex action. Hormones are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream to reach their target cells, which takes time. On the other hand, reflex actions are rapid and immediate. Secondly, a hormone reaction can affect many areas of the body as hormones are released into the bloodstream and can have widespread effects. In contrast, a reflex action typically affects only one specific part of the body, as it is a localized response to a specific stimulus.

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40.

What neuron is shown here?
- A.
  
  Relay neuron
- B.
  
  Motor neuron
- C.
  
  Process neuron
- D.
  
  Sensory neuron
Correct Answer
B. Motor neuron

Explanation
The neuron shown in the question is a motor neuron. Motor neurons are responsible for transmitting signals from the central nervous system to the muscles, allowing for voluntary movement. This type of neuron controls the contraction and relaxation of muscles, enabling us to perform various physical actions.

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41.

What neuron is shown here?
- A.
  
  Relay neuron
- B.
  
  Sensory neuron
- C.
  
  Process neuron
- D.
  
  Motor neuron
Correct Answer
A. Relay neuron

Explanation
A relay neuron is a type of neuron that acts as a bridge between sensory and motor neurons, transmitting signals from one to the other. It receives information from sensory neurons and sends it to motor neurons, allowing for communication between different parts of the nervous system. The given answer "Relay neuron" suggests that the neuron shown in the question is responsible for relaying signals between sensory and motor neurons.

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42.

What neuron is shown here?
- A.
  
  Motor neuron
- B.
  
  Sensory neuron
- C.
  
  Relay neuron
- D.
  
  Process neuron
Correct Answer
B. Sensory neuron

Explanation
The neuron shown in the image is most likely a sensory neuron. Sensory neurons are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the sensory organs to the central nervous system. They detect stimuli from the external environment or internal body and convert it into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain. Based on the limited information provided, it can be inferred that the neuron shown is involved in the transmission of sensory information rather than motor or processing functions.

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43.

What is this a picture of?
- A.
  
  Hormones being secreted
- B.
  
  A synapse
- C.
  
  A reflex action
- D.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
B. A synapse

Explanation
This picture is most likely a synapse because it is a junction between two nerve cells where information is transmitted. The image may show the release of neurotransmitters from one neuron to another, allowing for the transmission of signals between the cells. This process is essential for communication within the nervous system.

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44.

What are the green molecules being released?
- A.
  
  Motor neurotransmitter
- B.
  
  Sensor neurotransmitter
- C.
  
  Neurotransmitter molecules
- D.
  
  Transmitters
Correct Answer
C. Neurotransmitter molecules

Explanation
The green molecules being released are neurotransmitter molecules. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons in the brain and nervous system. They play a crucial role in communication between nerve cells and are released from the presynaptic neuron into the synaptic cleft, where they bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, transmitting the signal. Therefore, the answer "neurotransmitter molecules" accurately describes the green molecules being released.

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45.

How do electrical impulses pass from one neuron to another?
- A.
  
  Primary active transport
- B.
  
  Diffusion
- C.
  
  Osmosis
- D.
  
  Active transport
Correct Answer
B. Diffusion

Explanation
Electrical impulses pass from one neuron to another through diffusion. Diffusion is the process by which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. In the context of neurons, when an electrical impulse, also known as an action potential, reaches the end of one neuron (the presynaptic neuron), it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters then diffuse across the synapse and bind to receptors on the next neuron (the postsynaptic neuron), causing an electrical impulse to be generated in the postsynaptic neuron. This allows the signal to pass from one neuron to another.

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46.

Which two sense organs have receptors sensitive to chemicals?
- A.
  
  Ears
- B.
  
  Tongue
- C.
  
  Eyes
- D.
  
  Skin
- E.
  
  Nose
Correct Answer(s)
B. Tongue
E. Nose

Explanation
The tongue and nose have receptors that are sensitive to chemicals. The taste buds on the tongue can detect different flavors and chemicals in food, while the olfactory receptors in the nose can detect various smells and chemicals in the air. Both the tongue and nose play important roles in our ability to taste and smell different substances.

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47.

Which sense organ has receptors sensitive to changes in a person position?
- A.
  
  Eyes
- B.
  
  Ears
- C.
  
  Skin
- D.
  
  Nose
Correct Answer
B. Ears

Explanation
The ears have receptors called vestibular receptors that are sensitive to changes in a person's position. These receptors are located in the inner ear and help in maintaining balance and equilibrium. They detect changes in the position of the head and provide information to the brain about the body's orientation in space. This allows us to perceive and adjust to changes in our position, such as when we are standing, walking, or moving in different directions. Therefore, the correct answer is ears.

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48.

What happens to enzymes if the body temperature is too hot or cold?
- A.
  
  They work normally
- B.
  
  They are denatured and do not work
- C.
  
  They multiply
- D.
  
  They get very small
Correct Answer
B. They are denatured and do not work

Explanation
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions in the body. However, they are highly sensitive to changes in temperature. When the body temperature is too hot or cold, the enzymes undergo a process called denaturation. This means that the shape and structure of the enzyme is altered, leading to loss of its functional activity. Denatured enzymes are unable to bind to their substrates and carry out their catalytic function, rendering them ineffective. Therefore, in extreme temperatures, enzymes are denatured and do not work properly.

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49.

Hormones are chemical messengers that are carried around the body by ...
- A.
  
  Nerves
- B.
  
  Blood
- C.
  
  Oxygen
- D.
  
  Glucse
Correct Answer
B. Blood

Explanation
Hormones are chemical messengers that are carried around the body by blood. Blood acts as a transportation system, delivering hormones from the glands where they are produced to the target cells and organs where they exert their effects. This allows hormones to have a widespread influence on various bodily functions and maintain homeostasis. Nerves, oxygen, and glucose also play important roles in the body, but they are not specifically responsible for carrying hormones.

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50.

Which two actions occur when the body needs to cool down?
- A.
  
  Shivering
- B.
  
  Sweating
- C.
  
  blood capillaries get wider
- D.
  
  Blood capillaries get narrower
Correct Answer(s)
B. Sweating
C. blood capillaries get wider

Explanation
When the body needs to cool down, sweating occurs as a response to dissipate heat through the evaporation of sweat from the skin's surface. This helps to lower body temperature. Additionally, blood capillaries get wider, a process known as vasodilation. This allows more blood to flow near the skin's surface, facilitating heat loss through radiation and convection. Both sweating and vasodilation are mechanisms employed by the body to regulate and maintain its core temperature within a normal range.

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Apr 19, 2024

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Sep 03, 2018

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Homeostasis GCSE Revision Quiz

What is a neuron?

Select the three types of neurons found in the nervous system

Which neuron carries signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the effector?

Which neuron is essential for a reflex action to occur?

Which neuron carries signals from the receptors to the central nervous system?

What are the major organs of the nervous system?

What is the name of the microscopic gap where two neurons meet and transmit impulses?

What are the names of the molecules that are released at the gap between the neurons?

Is the transmission of the electrical impulse between neutrons chemical, electrical or neither?

Select three body functions that are reflex actions?

What is the name of the pathway in the nervous system that controls a reflex action?

The blue line represents which neuron in a reflex action?

The purple line represents which neuron in a reflex action?

The green line represents which neuron in a reflex action?

What reaction is involuntary and does not need the involvement of the brain?

Homeostasis is achieved through the interaction and coordination of which systems.

Select the correct definition of Homeostasis.

What is the ideal temperature for enzymes to work in the body?

What are the 3 components that make up all automatic control systems?

What triggers a receptor?

What are muscles and glands ?

What order does a impulse flow from receptor to an effector?

Which order does a reflex action follow?

What is the main type of control that organisms use to maintain a stable internal environment?

A definition of a negative feedback is

A definition of a positive feedback is

Select two examples of a positive feedback loop?

Select two organs that help maintain glucose levels?

Which two hormones does the pancreas release?

When does the pancreas secrete insulin?

What hormone does the pancreas release if blood glucose levels fall?

What happens to excess glucose?

Once the excess glucose has been converted, where is it stored?

What does glucagon do?

Which organ is both part of the control centre, is a receptor and an effector?

When might you need additional glucose in the body?

People who have Type 1 diabetes...

Select two ways a reflex action is different to an action controlled by hormones

Select two ways a hormone reaction is different to a reflex action.

What neuron is shown here?

What neuron is shown here?

What neuron is shown here?

What is this a picture of?

What are the green molecules being released?

How do electrical impulses pass from one neuron to another?

Which two sense organs have receptors sensitive to chemicals?

Which sense organ has receptors sensitive to changes in a person position?

What happens to enzymes if the body temperature is too hot or cold?

Hormones are chemical messengers that are carried around the body by ...

Which two actions occur when the body needs to cool down?