1.
Doni melakukan beberapa kegiatan pengukuran dan diperoleh data sebagai berikut:
1) massa beberapa telur dalam plastik 0,5 kg
2) volume sebuah telur 40 cm3
3) suhu kamar Doni 25 0C
4) tinggi meja belajar 80 cm
5) luas kantor ayah Doni 12 m2
6) denyut jantung Doni 78 denyut permenit
Hasil pengukuran Doni yang termasuk besaran pokok adalah ....
Correct Answer
B. 1), 3), dan 4)
Explanation
The correct answer is 1), 3), and 4). The measurements of mass (1), temperature (3), and height (4) are considered as fundamental quantities or base quantities in physics. These measurements are independent and cannot be derived from other measurements. The measurements of volume (2), area (5), and heart rate (6) are derived quantities and can be obtained by combining or manipulating the fundamental quantities.
2.
Perhatikan gambar berikut!
Wadah K berupa mangkok berisi 100 ml air, wadah L tabung erlenmeyer dengan volume 300 ml tertutup rapat berisi gas hidrogen. Wadah M berupa botol tertutup dengan volume 400 ml, dan wadah N berupa labu didih tertutup dengan volume 500 ml. Apabila zat pada wadah K dan L dipindahkan ke wadah N dan M, maka keadaan yang sesuai ditunjukkan pada tabel ….
Correct Answer
B. B
3.
Perhatikan gambar pengukuran benda P dan M berikut ini!
Selisih massa antara benda P dan M adalah....
Correct Answer
D. 70 gram
Explanation
The correct answer is 70 gram. This can be determined by subtracting the mass of object M from the mass of object P. The given options of 2370 gram, 1371 gram, and 929 gram are significantly larger than the correct answer, indicating that they are not plausible. Therefore, the only logical option is 70 gram.
4.
Gambar berikut menunjukkan perkiraan bentuk bimetal setelah dipanaskan .
Berdasarkan data pada tabel, gambar bimetal yang benar adalah ....
Correct Answer
B. (1) dan (4)
5.
Beberapa benda bergerak dengan waktu tempuh dan jarak tempuh seperti pada tabel berikut.
Benda yang bergerak lurus beraturan (GLB) dan bergerak lurus berubah beraturan (GLBB) berturut-turut adalah ....
Correct Answer
B. Q dan R
Explanation
Berdasarkan tabel yang diberikan, terdapat dua jenis benda yang bergerak dengan waktu tempuh dan jarak tempuh yang berbeda. Benda pertama adalah yang bergerak lurus beraturan (GLB), yang memiliki waktu tempuh dan jarak tempuh yang konstan. Benda kedua adalah yang bergerak lurus berubah beraturan (GLBB), yang memiliki waktu tempuh dan jarak tempuh yang berubah-ubah. Oleh karena itu, jawaban yang benar adalah Q dan R, karena keduanya mewakili jenis benda yang berbeda dalam hal gerakan.
6.
Perhatikan gambar berikut!
sebuah balok ditarik dengan gaya F sehingga mengalami percepatan 1,5 m/s2. Apabila atas balok ditambah dengan beban 1 kg, maka percepatan yang dialami oleh kedua balok saat ditarik dengan gaya yang sama menjadi …
Correct Answer
B. 1,0 m/s2
Explanation
Ketika beban 1 kg ditambahkan ke atas balok, massa total balok menjadi lebih besar. Oleh karena itu, gaya yang diberikan oleh gaya F akan menghasilkan percepatan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan sebelumnya. Dengan demikian, percepatan yang dialami oleh kedua balok saat ditarik dengan gaya yang sama akan menjadi 1,0 m/s2.
7.
Budi yang memiliki gaya dorong maksimal 200 N kesulitan mendorong sebuah lemari seperti ditunjukkan pada gambar berikut, karena gaya gesekan antara lantai dengan lemari 250 N.
Untuk membantu budi, ada lima orang dengan kemampuan gaya dorong maksimum masing-masing ditunjukkan dalam tabel berikut:
No
Nama
Gaya dorong maksimum
1.
Andi
250 N
2.
Edi
240 N
3.
Malik
150 N
4.
Jamal
200 N
5.
Zidan
260 N
Agar lemari dapat didorong dengan usaha sebesar 7000 Joule dan berpindah sejauh 10 meter, maka orang yang dapat menolong Budi adalah ....
Correct Answer
D. Edi, Zidan, dan Andi
Explanation
The question states that Budi has a maximum pushing force of 200 N and the friction between the floor and the cabinet is 250 N. To help Budi push the cabinet with a total work of 7000 Joules and a displacement of 10 meters, we need to find the combination of people whose combined maximum pushing force is greater than or equal to the sum of the friction force and the force needed to do the work. Among the given options, Edi, Zidan, and Andi have a combined maximum pushing force of 250 N + 260 N + 250 N = 760 N, which is greater than the required force. Therefore, Edi, Zidan, and Andi are the people who can help Budi.
8.
Perhatikan gambar tuas berikut ini
Jika beban Y diganti menjadi 20 gram, maka agar tuas tetap seimbang tiang Z harus di geser ke titik ...
Correct Answer
B. II
Explanation
To maintain balance, the torque on both sides of the lever should be equal. As the weight on one side is increased to 20 grams, the lever will become unbalanced. To restore balance, the lever needs to be adjusted by sliding pole Z to point II, where the distance between the fulcrum and the weight is equal to the distance between the fulcrum and the other side of the lever. This adjustment will ensure that the torque on both sides is equal, resulting in a balanced lever.
9.
Kapal pengangkut barang beratnya dalam keadaan kosong 16.000 N, akan mengangkut beban barang yang beratnya 14.000 N serta beberapa orang termasuk penumpang dan anak buah kapal (ABK). Kapal dapat berlayar dengan aman jika volume lambung kapal yang berada di bawah permukaan air 4,2 m3, berat rata-rata satu orang penumpang 600 N. Massa jenis air 1000 kg/m3 dan g = 10 m/s2, jumlah orang yang dapat ikut kapal paling banyak adalah ....
Correct Answer
C. 20 orang
Explanation
The weight of the empty cargo ship is 16,000 N and it will carry a load of 14,000 N. The volume of the ship's hull below the water surface is given as 4.2 m^3. The average weight of one passenger is 600 N. The density of water is 1000 kg/m^3 and the acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s^2. To determine the maximum number of people the ship can carry, we need to find the weight of the water displaced by the ship. Using the formula weight = density * volume * gravity, we can calculate the weight of the water as 4.2 m^3 * 1000 kg/m^3 * 10 m/s^2 = 42,000 N. Subtracting the weight of the empty ship and the load, we get the weight of the water displaced by the passengers, which is 42,000 N - 16,000 N - 14,000 N = 12,000 N. Dividing this by the weight of one passenger, we find that the maximum number of passengers is 12,000 N / 600 N = 20 people. Therefore, the correct answer is 20 orang.
10.
Dua perahu masing-masing ditumpangi nelayan yang sedang melaut bersama, mengalami gerakan naik turun di atas gelombang laut sebanyak 8 kali dalam waktu 10 detik. Ketika kedua perahu berjarak 4 m satu sama lain, keduanya berada di puncak-puncak gelombang yang diantaranya terdapat dua lembah dan satu bukit. Berdasarkan ilustrasi tersebut, cepat rambat gelombangnya adalah ....
Correct Answer
C. 1,6 m/s
Explanation
Based on the given information, we know that the two boats experienced 8 cycles of rising and falling waves in 10 seconds. This means that in 10 seconds, there are 8 complete cycles of waves. Since the distance between the two boats is 4 meters, and there are 2 troughs and 1 peak between them, we can calculate the wavelength. The wavelength is equal to the distance between two troughs or two peaks, which is 4 meters.
The formula to calculate the speed of a wave is speed = wavelength / time. Plugging in the values, we get speed = 4 meters / 10 seconds = 0.4 meters per second. However, this is only the speed of one complete wave. Since there are 8 complete waves in 10 seconds, we need to multiply the speed by 8.
0.4 meters per second * 8 = 3.2 meters per second. Therefore, the correct answer is 3.2 m/s.
11.
Dua cermin datar disusun membentuk sudut sehingga terbentuk sejumlah bayangan seperti ditunjukkan pada gambar berikut.
Jika sudut cermin tersebut dikurangi 150, jumlah bayangan yang terbentuk menjadi ....
Correct Answer
B. 7 buah
Explanation
When two flat mirrors are arranged to form an angle, multiple reflections occur, creating multiple images. In the given scenario, the number of images formed is initially 8. If the angle between the mirrors is reduced by 150, the number of images formed will decrease. Therefore, the correct answer is 7 images.
12.
Pengukur kedalaman laut Echo Sounder yang dipasang pada kapal menerima kembali bunyi pantul setelah 2 sekon, kemudian setelah bergerak 2 km, bunyi pantul diterima kembali setelah 4/3 sekon. Kecepatan bunyi di air laut 1500 m/s. maka selisih kedalaman tempat tersebut adalah
Correct Answer
B. 500 m
Explanation
The speed of sound in water is given as 1500 m/s. The echo sounder on the ship receives the echo after 2 seconds when it is stationary, and after 4/3 seconds when it has moved 2 km. This means that the sound has traveled a distance of 1500 m/s * 4/3 s = 2000 m. Since the ship has moved 2 km, the depth of the location can be calculated as the difference between the distance traveled by the sound (2000 m) and the distance traveled by the ship (2000 m - 2000 m = 0 m). Therefore, the depth of the location is 500 m.
13.
Gambar berikut menunjukkan gaya tolak-menolak antara dua benda titik bermuatan listrik
Besar gaya tolak menolak antara kedua benda tersebut jika muatan listrik diganti menjadi +2Q dan + Q, dan jarak kedua benda menjadi 2d adalah ....
Correct Answer
A. ½ F
Explanation
The given question is asking about the magnitude of the repulsive force between two charged objects when the charges are changed and the distance between them is doubled. The correct answer is ½ F, which means that the repulsive force is half of its original value. This can be explained by Coulomb's Law, which states that the force between two charged objects is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Therefore, when the charges are doubled and the distance is doubled, the force is reduced by a factor of 2.
14.
Jika masing-masing rangkaian dihubungkan dengan tegangan yang sama besar, maka urutan rangkaian yang mengalirkan arus listrik (I) terkecil ke terbesar ditunjukkan gambar nomor ….
Correct Answer
B. (1), (3), (2), (4)
Explanation
The correct answer is (1), (3), (2), (4). This means that the circuit with the smallest current (I) is represented by the first diagram, followed by the third diagram, then the second diagram, and finally the fourth diagram.
15.
Perhatikan gambar berikut!
Jika bagian P pada rheostat digeser mendekati L maka nyala lampu ….
Correct Answer
B. Makin redup karena hambatan lampu semakin besar
Explanation
When the part P on the rheostat is moved closer to L, the resistance in the circuit increases. As a result, the current flowing through the lamp decreases, causing it to become dimmer. Therefore, the correct answer is "makin redup karena hambatan lampu semakin besar" (becomes dimmer because the resistance of the lamp increases).
16.
Batang baja P – Q dibuat menjadi magnet dan setelah menjadi magnet, beberapa kompas diletakkan di sekitar batang baja seperti gambar
Posisi kompas yang benar ditunjukkan oleh gambar ....
Correct Answer
A. 1 dan 2
Explanation
The correct answer is 1 and 2. This can be determined by observing the direction of the magnetic field lines around the magnetized steel rod. The compass needle aligns itself with the magnetic field lines, indicating the direction of the magnetic field. In the given picture, the compass needles in positions 1 and 2 are aligned with the magnetic field lines, while the compass needles in positions 3 and 4 are not aligned properly. Therefore, the correct positions of the compass are 1 and 2.
17.
Perhatikan pernyataan-pernyataan berikut.
(1) tidak memancarkan cahaya sendiri
(2) memancarkan cahaya sendiri
(3) tidak memiliki orbit yang jelas
(4) mengorbit matahari
berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, yang merupakan ciri-ciri planet adalah ….
Correct Answer
B. (1) dan (4)
Explanation
The correct answer is (1) dan (4). This is because the statements (1) and (4) both describe characteristics of a planet. Statement (1) states that a planet does not emit its own light, which is true as planets do not produce their own light but reflect light from the sun. Statement (4) states that a planet orbits the sun, which is also true as planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits. Therefore, the correct answer is (1) dan (4).
18.
Pernyataan yang benar tentang transformator P dan Q adalah
Correct Answer
B. P adalah transformator step up karena VP < VS
Explanation
Transformator P adalah transformator step up karena VP < VS. Dalam transformator step up, tegangan output (VS) lebih besar dari tegangan input (VP).