12a - Natural Relationships
B. 12(A) interpret relationships, including predation, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, and competition among organisms
- 1.
The diagrams show a partial food web containing the Glyptapanteles wasp and the life cycle of this wasp. Based on the two diagrams, which list correctly indentifies the relationships Glyptapanteles wasp larvae have with other organisms?
- A.
Competition: stinkbugs parasitism: geometrid moths
- B.
Competition: geometrid moths commensalism: stinkbugs
- C.
Mutualism: guava and eucalyptus trees
- D.
Competition" stinkbugs and geometrid moths commensalism: guava and eucalyptus trees
Correct Answer
A. Competition: stinkbugs parasitism: geometrid mothsExplanation
The Glyptapanteles wasp larvae compete with stinkbugs for resources, which is supported by the presence of stinkbugs in the food web. Additionally, the larvae exhibit parasitism towards geometrid moths, as shown in the life cycle diagram. This is evident from the fact that the larvae feed on the geometrid moth larvae and eventually kill them.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The ocean sunfish (mola mola) is a large, flast fish that spends most of its time in deep water feeding mainly on jellyfish. Sunfish often have manh species of copepods, small custaceams, that bury their heads into the soft tissue of the sunfish. Sunfish will swim to the surface of the water and lie sideways, allowing seabirds to eat the copepodesfrom their skin
- A.
Seabirds: mutualsim jellyfish: predation copepods: parasitism
- B.
Seabirds: parasitism jellyfish: commensalism copepods: predation
- C.
Seabirds: predation jellyfish: mutualism copepods: commensalism
- D.
Seabirds: commensalism jellyfish: parasitism copepods: mutualism
Correct Answer
A. Seabirds: mutualsim jellyfish: predation copepods: parasitismExplanation
Seabirds and sunfish have a mutualistic relationship because the seabirds benefit from eating the copepods that bury their heads into the sunfish's skin, while the sunfish benefits from having the parasites removed. The jellyfish and sunfish have a predator-prey relationship, as the sunfish feeds mainly on jellyfish. Lastly, the copepods have a parasitic relationship with the sunfish, as they bury their heads into the sunfish's soft tissue.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of these best demonstrates mutualism between certain types of bacteria and humans?
- A.
Intestinal bacteria obtain nutrients from the gut and produce vitamin K used by humans
- B.
Bacteria become resistant to antibacterial medication that humans use for treatment.
- C.
Invasive bacteria at an area of injury produce toxins that damage healthy tissues of the human body.
- D.
Bacteria in imporoperly prepared food is consumed by humans, causing food poisoning.
Correct Answer
A. Intestinal bacteria obtain nutrients from the gut and produce vitamin K used by humansExplanation
Mutualism refers to a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit. In this case, the intestinal bacteria obtain nutrients from the gut, which is their source of food, and in return, they produce vitamin K that is utilized by humans. This demonstrates mutualism as both the bacteria and humans benefit from this relationship.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In North American forests, two species of birds, nuthatches and brown creepers, forage on the same stree for insects. Brown creepers feed on insects found near the bottom of the tree trunk, while nuthatches feed on insects in the top part of the tree. The difference in foraging behavior most likely affects the nuthatches and brown creepers by -
- A.
Allowing the birds to avoid many types of predators
- B.
Reducing competition between the birds for resources
- C.
Preventing the birds from interbreeding with each other
- D.
Establishing dominance between the birds for nesting sites
Correct Answer
B. Reducing competition between the birds for resourcesExplanation
The difference in foraging behavior between nuthatches and brown creepers, with one feeding on the bottom of the tree trunk and the other on the top, would likely reduce competition between the two species for resources. Since they are targeting different areas of the tree for insects, they are not directly competing with each other for the same food source. This allows both species to coexist in the same habitat without intense competition for limited resources.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Choose all that apply. A remora is a fish that has an adhesive disk on the back of its head that it uses to attach itself to a large shark. When food floats away from the shark's mouth as it feeds, the remora collects the scraps. Drawings of a shark with a remore attached and a remora's adhesive disk are shown below. The relationship between the remora and the shark is an example of
- A.
Predation
- B.
Parasitism
- C.
Commensalism
- D.
Competition
Correct Answer
C. CommensalismExplanation
The relationship between the remora and the shark is an example of commensalism because the remora benefits by collecting scraps of food that float away from the shark's mouth while the shark is feeding, without causing harm or benefit to the shark.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jan 11, 2020Quiz Created by
Kyle Pearson
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