CDC 3dx53 Set 2 Vol 1 Edit 03

Fiber optic is the correct answer because it is the only type of bound media that has a core surrounded by cladding and a second layer surrounded by glass or plastic. CAT-6, coaxial, and twisted pair do not have this specific structure.

The number of alternate information assurance officers (IAO) in an organization is determined by the mission need. The organization's mission and the level of security required for its operations will determine the number of alternate IAOs needed to ensure information assurance. The mission need may vary based on the sensitivity of the information being handled, the potential risks and threats, and the complexity of the organization's information systems. Therefore, the number of alternate IAOs will be determined by the organization's specific mission requirements.

In order to ensure that individual information system user actions can be traced back to the user, an organization must implement the Audit and Accountability (AU) control. This control involves the monitoring and recording of system activities and user actions, including logins, file accesses, and changes made to the system. By implementing this control, organizations can track and review user actions, detect any unauthorized activities or policy violations, and hold individuals accountable for their actions within the information system.

The minimum rank the AF Information Network (AFIN) connection approval can be delegated to is Colonel (O–6). This means that a Colonel is authorized to approve AFIN connections without needing higher level approval from a higher-ranking officer such as a Brigadier General or Major General.

An unbound media refers to a wireless communication medium that does not require physical connections. Fiber optic, on the other hand, is a bound media that uses cables made of glass or plastic fibers to transmit data. It is a type of guided media that requires a physical connection, making it the only option among the given choices that is not an example of unbound media.

The correct answer is the assurance that no one has changed or destroyed information without permission. This definition of integrity refers to the protection and preservation of data, ensuring that it remains unaltered and intact. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining the accuracy and reliability of information, preventing unauthorized modifications or deletions.

An internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) address consists of 32 bits. This means that there are 2^32 possible unique addresses within the IPv4 address space. Each bit in the address represents a binary digit (0 or 1), resulting in a total of 32 bits. This allows for approximately 4.3 billion unique addresses, which are used to identify devices connected to the internet.

Class E IP addresses are reserved for experimental purposes and are not meant to be used in regular networks. These addresses are not assigned to any specific organization or location and are not routable on the internet. Therefore, they are not used for normal communication and are only used for research, development, and testing purposes.

A companion file virus is a type of virus that renames the original file and writes itself with the original file's name. This means that the virus disguises itself as the original file, making it difficult for users to detect. By renaming the file and replacing it with the virus, the attacker can execute malicious actions without raising suspicion. This technique allows the virus to spread and infect other files, potentially causing harm to the system.

Human error is responsible for a significant percentage of accidents, and the given answer of 95% indicates that the majority of accidents are caused by human mistakes or negligence. This implies that only a small fraction of accidents are attributed to other factors such as mechanical failures or natural disasters. The high percentage highlights the importance of human factors in accident prevention and the need for improving safety measures, training, and awareness to reduce human errors and their consequences.

The well-known ports are the port numbers ranging from 0 to 1023. These ports are reserved for specific services and protocols that are commonly used and recognized by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). They include ports for popular services like HTTP (port 80), FTP (port 21), and SSH (port 22). The other port ranges mentioned in the options are not classified as well-known ports.

Port 23 is used for telnet. Telnet is a network protocol that allows users to remotely access and control devices or systems over a network. It provides a virtual terminal connection to the remote device, allowing users to login and execute commands as if they were directly connected to the device. Port 23 is specifically designated for telnet communication, making it the correct answer.

The correct answer is 80. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the internet. Port 80 is the default port for HTTP communication. When a user requests a webpage, their web browser sends a request to the server on port 80, and the server responds with the requested webpage.

The correct answer is SNCO (Senior Non-Commissioned Officer). In an information assurance assessment and assistance program (IAAP) team, the team chief is responsible for leading and supervising the team. This role requires a higher level of experience, expertise, and leadership skills, which are typically possessed by SNCOs. NCOs may have the necessary technical knowledge, but may not have the leadership abilities required for this position. The GS-07 and GS-09 options refer to the General Schedule (GS) pay scale used for civilian government employees and are not relevant to the grade requirement for an IAAP team chief.

When using a degaussing wand to degauss the media, it is recommended to wipe each active surface three times. This ensures that the magnetic information on the media is completely erased and cannot be recovered. Wiping the surface multiple times helps to ensure that all traces of data are effectively eliminated, providing a higher level of security.

A degausser must be recertified every 6 months during its first 2 years of operation. This is necessary to ensure that the degausser is functioning properly and effectively erasing data from magnetic media. Regular recertification helps to maintain the reliability and performance of the degausser over time.

SF 711 is used as a data descriptor label.

An installation commander can authorize keeping confidential and secret classification types on the flight line for in-transit storage. This means that any materials or documents that are classified as confidential or secret can be stored on the flight line under the authorization of the installation commander. Other classification types such as unclassified or top secret are not authorized for in-transit storage on the flight line.

The term "RED" is used to identify any equipment or area in which classified information is processed. This term is commonly used in the context of information security and refers to systems that handle sensitive or classified data. It is important to have designated areas or equipment for processing classified information to ensure its confidentiality and prevent unauthorized access.

The correct answer is the Wing information assurance office (WIAO). The WIAO is responsible for handling emission security (EMSEC) matters within the installation. They ensure that proper measures are in place to protect the communication and information systems from any potential threats or vulnerabilities. They work closely with other personnel, such as the Wing commander and the Communications and Information System Officer (CSO), to ensure the overall security of the installation.

The sequence of leading bits in an internet protocol (IP) that are used to identify the network portion of an IP address is called a routing prefix. A routing prefix is a numerical value that is used to determine the network address and subnet mask of an IP address. It helps in routing packets across different networks by providing information about the network portion of the IP address.

Logon and password management screens must be encrypted with at least a 128-bit secure socket layer. This level of encryption ensures a high level of security for sensitive information such as login credentials. Higher bit encryption provides stronger protection against unauthorized access and data breaches.

In a bus topology, a device wanting to communicate with another device on the network sends a broadcast message onto the wire that all other devices see. However, only the intended recipient actually accepts and processes the message. This is because in a bus topology, all devices are connected to a single shared communication line, and the message travels along the wire to reach the intended recipient. Other devices on the network receive the message, but they ignore it as it is not intended for them.

The identification certificate would be used to sign an enlisted performance report (EPR) using a common access card (CAC). This certificate verifies the identity of the individual signing the report, ensuring that it is authentic and reliable. The identification certificate is commonly used for various purposes, including digital signatures and secure access to systems and information. It helps to establish trust and integrity in the signing process, making it an appropriate choice for signing important documents like an EPR.

The contract manager must use the Local Registration Authority/Trusted Agent (LRA/TA) to validate a contractor employee's need to obtain a government public key infrastructure (PKI) certificate. The LRA/TA is responsible for verifying the identity and need of individuals requesting PKI certificates, ensuring that only authorized personnel have access to sensitive information and resources. Using the LRA/TA helps to maintain the security and integrity of the PKI system and prevent unauthorized access or misuse of certificates.

Users who perform troubleshooting, configuration changes, or system reviews are given administrative access. This type of access allows them to have higher privileges and control over the system. Administrative users have the authority to make changes, install or uninstall software, modify settings, and manage user accounts, among other tasks. This level of access is necessary for performing advanced tasks and maintaining the system effectively.

Weaknesses or holes in a security system refer to vulnerabilities, which are potential points of exploitation that can be targeted by attackers. These vulnerabilities can be present in software, hardware, or even human processes, making the system susceptible to unauthorized access or compromise. By identifying and addressing these vulnerabilities, organizations can strengthen their security posture and reduce the risk of breaches or exploits.

When securing a UNIX system, various measures are taken to protect it from unauthorized access. Shutting down ports helps in closing any potential entry points for attackers. Using strong passwords ensures that only authorized users can access the system. Disabling unused/unneeded services reduces the attack surface by eliminating unnecessary points of vulnerability. However, ensuring remote access is not directly related to securing the system as it involves allowing authorized users to access the system remotely. Remote access can be secured separately through measures like VPNs, firewalls, and authentication protocols.

Microsoft releases bulletins when vulnerabilities are discovered within the Windows operating system and other products. Bulletins are official notifications or announcements from Microsoft that provide information about the vulnerabilities, their severity, and any available patches or fixes. These bulletins are important for users and administrators to stay informed about potential security risks and take necessary actions to protect their systems.

A logical connection point for the transmission of information packets is known as a port. A port is a virtual or physical endpoint on a device where data can be sent or received. It acts as a communication channel through which information can flow between different devices or services. Ports are commonly used in networking to establish connections and facilitate the exchange of data packets.

Tunneling is the correct answer because it is a type of transition technology that is used to establish secure point-to-point communication. Tunneling encapsulates the original data packets within another packet, creating a "tunnel" through which the data can travel securely. This technique is commonly used in VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of data transmitted between two endpoints.

The newest WiFi networking standard that is widely available is 802.11n. This standard offers faster speeds and better range compared to previous standards such as 802.11a, 802.11b, and 802.11g. It operates on both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency bands, allowing for better performance in crowded areas. It also supports multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology, which improves signal quality and reduces interference. Overall, 802.11n provides a more reliable and efficient wireless connection, making it the newest standard widely adopted in various devices and networks.

The correct answer is 5. The risk management process typically consists of five steps: identification, assessment, mitigation, monitoring, and review. In the identification step, potential risks are identified and documented. The assessment step involves evaluating the likelihood and impact of each identified risk. Mitigation involves developing and implementing strategies to reduce or eliminate the identified risks. Monitoring involves continuously monitoring the effectiveness of the mitigation strategies. Finally, the review step involves periodically reviewing and updating the risk management process to ensure its effectiveness.

When classified information is sent through unclassified e-mail, it is considered a classified message incident. This means that sensitive and confidential information has been transmitted through a channel that is not authorized or secure enough to handle such information. It highlights a breach in security protocols and the potential risk of unauthorized access to classified information.

Thermal transfer and dye sublimation cartridges are sent to the National Security Agency (NSA) for sanitization. The NSA is responsible for ensuring the security and confidentiality of sensitive information, and sanitizing these cartridges helps to prevent any potential data breaches or leaks. By sending the cartridges to the NSA, any residual data or information on them can be safely removed, ensuring that they can be reused or disposed of without any risk to national security.

The correct answer is AF Form 4170. The AF Form 4170 is the appropriate form for documenting an EMSEC assessment. It is specifically designed for this purpose and contains the necessary fields and sections to record all relevant information related to the assessment. The other forms mentioned, AF Form 6170, Standard Form 700, and Standard Form 701, are not intended for EMSEC assessments and may not include the required fields or sections to accurately document the assessment.

The correct answer is confidential. This is because an AF Form 4170, Emission Security Assessments/Emission Security Countermeasures, is considered confidential.

When the loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) could be expected to have a serious adverse effect on organizational operations, assets, or people, it indicates a moderate impact. This means that the impact would be significant but not severe enough to cause extreme damage or disruption. It suggests that there would be some negative consequences, but they can be managed and mitigated to a certain extent.

The question asks for the phase that is not a part of the IT Lean reengineering process. The options given are Design, Define need, Build and test, and Define need review. Out of these options, all except Define need review are phases in the IT Lean reengineering process. Therefore, Define need review is the correct answer as it is not a phase in the process.

Defense-in-depth is a strategy used by the Department of Defense (DOD) to establish an adequate information assurance (IA) posture in a shared-risk environment. This approach involves implementing multiple layers of security controls to protect against various threats and vulnerabilities. It recognizes that no single security measure is enough to fully protect an organization's information assets, so multiple layers are necessary to provide a comprehensive defense. By adopting this approach, the DOD aims to mitigate risks and ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of its information in a shared-risk environment.

The correct answer is "Users have met investigative requirements." This option suggests that initial IA awareness training does not involve meeting investigative requirements. The other options, such as users being aware of their role in IA, being trained on network security, and satisfying network access requirements, are all outcomes that can be expected from initial IA awareness training for network users.

Each octet within an Internet Protocol (IP) address has 8 positions when viewed in binary form. In binary, each position represents a power of 2, ranging from 2^0 to 2^7. Since there are 8 positions in an octet, it means that each position can hold a value of either 0 or 1, resulting in a total of 256 possible combinations (2^8). This allows for a wide range of unique IP addresses to be represented within the octet.

The correct answer is 80. HTTP uses the TCP protocol to transfer hypertext documents over the internet. By default, HTTP uses port 80 to establish a connection between the client and the server. This allows web browsers to communicate with web servers and retrieve web pages.

A sweep scan is a type of port scan where the scanner connects to the same port on multiple machines. This allows the scanner to quickly gather information about open ports on different systems. Unlike a strobe scan, which connects to a range of ports on a single machine, a sweep scan focuses on a specific port and checks it on multiple machines. A fragment packet scan involves sending fragmented packets to bypass firewall filters, while an FTP bounce scan exploits the FTP bounce feature to scan ports indirectly.

A Synchronous (SYN) scan is also known as a half open scan. This type of scan involves sending a SYN packet to the target host and waiting for a response. If the host responds with a SYN-ACK packet, it means the port is open. If the host responds with a RST packet, it means the port is closed. This scan is called a half open scan because it does not complete the full TCP handshake, making it more stealthy and harder to detect.

To ensure that replacement administrators can accomplish the same tasks as their predecessors, it is important for administrators to keep complete and accurate documentation for all configuration changes. This documentation serves as a reference guide for the new administrators, allowing them to understand the network setup, configurations, and any changes that have been made in the past. By having this documentation, the new administrators can easily replicate the previous configurations and continue the tasks without any disruptions or delays. It also helps in maintaining continuity throughout the network and minimizing risks by ensuring that the network is properly configured and secured.

The correct answer is 802.11b. This WiFi standard is the slowest yet least expensive because it operates on the 2.4 GHz frequency band and has a maximum data transfer rate of 11 Mbps. While it may not offer the fastest speeds compared to other WiFi standards like 802.11n or 802.11ac, it is still widely used in older devices and is compatible with most routers. Additionally, 802.11b devices are generally more affordable compared to newer standards, making it a cost-effective option for basic internet browsing and light usage.

A program that contains or installs a malicious program is called a Trojan horse. Unlike a boot sector virus, which infects the boot sector of a computer's hard drive, a Trojan horse disguises itself as a legitimate program or file to trick users into downloading or executing it. Once installed, the Trojan horse can perform various malicious activities, such as stealing personal information, damaging files, or allowing unauthorized access to the infected system. Unlike a worm program, a Trojan horse does not have the ability to self-replicate and spread to other computers. A macro virus, on the other hand, infects documents and uses macros to execute its malicious code.

Authentication and authorization are the two fundamental concepts of network security. Authentication ensures that the user or device trying to access the network is who they claim to be, by verifying their identity through credentials such as passwords or biometrics. Authorization, on the other hand, determines the level of access and permissions granted to authenticated users, ensuring that they can only access the resources and perform actions that they are authorized to do. These two concepts work together to protect the network from unauthorized access and ensure that only authenticated and authorized users can access sensitive information and resources.

Continuity of operations plans (COOP) are designed to ensure the continued functioning of an organization during emergencies or disruptions. They are typically used in situations such as accidents, man-made disasters, and health-related incidents. However, operating system failure is not directly related to these scenarios as it primarily refers to the failure of computer software or hardware. While it can cause disruptions, it is not typically addressed through COOP measures.