Kimia Tingkatan 4 ( Latihan 1)
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Antara berikut,yang manakah formula empirik bagi C6H12O6?
- A.
CHO
- B.
CH2O
- C.
C2H4O2
- D.
C6H12O6
Correct Answer
B. CH2OExplanation
The correct answer is CH2O because it represents the empirical formula for glucose, which is C6H12O6. The empirical formula shows the simplest ratio of atoms in a compound, and in this case, it indicates that for every 1 carbon atom, there are 2 hydrogen atoms, and 1 oxygen atom. Therefore, CH2O is the correct empirical formula for C6H12O6.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Apakah faktor yang menentukan sifat kimia sesuatu unsur?
- A.
Bilangan proton dalam satu atom
- B.
Bilangan neutron di dalam nukleus
- C.
Bilangan elektron pada petala terluar
- D.
Bilangan elektron dalam satu atom
Correct Answer
D. Bilangan elektron dalam satu atomExplanation
The chemical properties of an element are determined by the number of electrons in its atom. The arrangement and distribution of electrons in the outermost shell determine how an element will interact chemically with other elements. The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus may affect the physical properties of the element, but they do not directly determine its chemical behavior.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton bagi empat unsur dalam Jadual Berkala. UnsurNombor protonT3U6V11W17Jadual 1
- A.
T dan U
- B.
V dan W
- C.
T dan V
- D.
U dan W
Correct Answer
A. T dan UExplanation
The correct answer is T and U. This is because the table shows the number of protons for four elements. Based on the table, elements T and U have the same number of protons.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Antara yang berikut, manakah menunjukkan perbandingan jumlah tenaga kinetik bagi pepejal, cecair dan gas dengan betul?
- A.
Pepejal = cecair = gas
- B.
Pepejal < cecair > gas
- C.
Pepejal < cecair < gas
- D.
pepejal = cecair < gas
Correct Answer
C. Pepejal < cecair < gasExplanation
The correct answer is "pepejal < cecair < gas". This is because the kinetic energy of particles is directly related to their temperature, and in general, the temperature of a substance increases as it changes from solid to liquid to gas. Therefore, the average kinetic energy of particles in a gas is greater than that in a liquid, which is greater than that in a solid.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Antara pernyataan yang berikut, manakah benar tentang keadaan jirim bagi gas?I Zarah-zarah adalah sangat jauh antara satu sama lain.II Gas mempunyai isi padu dan bentuk yang tetap.III Daya tarikan adalah sangat lemah.IV Tenaga kinetik bagi zarah-zarah adalah sangat tinggi.
- A.
I, II dan III sahaja
- B.
I, II dan IV sahaja
- C.
I, III dan IV sahaja
- D.
II, III dan IV sahaja
Correct Answer
C. I, III dan IV sahajaExplanation
The correct answer is I, III, and IV only. This is because gas particles are widely spaced apart (statement I), the attractive forces between gas particles are weak (statement III), and gas particles have high kinetic energy (statement IV). However, statement II is incorrect as gases do not have a fixed volume or shape.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Antara yang berikut, manakah tidak benar tentang teori kinetik?
- A.
Zarah-zarah bagi semua jirim adalah sama.
- B.
Jirim terdiri daripada zarah-zarah yang diskrit dan halus.
- C.
Zarah-zarah sentiasa bergerak dan bergetar.
- D.
Tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah meningkat dengan suhu.
Correct Answer
A. Zarah-zarah bagi semua jirim adalah sama.Explanation
The statement "Zarah-zarah bagi semua jirim adalah sama" is incorrect because different substances have different types of particles. For example, solids have closely packed particles, while liquids and gases have particles that are more spread out. Therefore, the statement contradicts the concept of the kinetic theory, which states that different substances have different types of particles.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Antara yang berikut, manakah berlaku semasa proses peleburan?
- A.
Tenaga haba dibebaskan.
- B.
Isi padu dan bentuk adalah tetap.
- C.
Suhu kekal sama.
- D.
Saiz zarah-zarah bertambah.
Correct Answer
C. Suhu kekal sama.Explanation
During the process of melting, the temperature remains constant because the energy input is used to break the intermolecular forces holding the solid together rather than increasing the temperature. As a result, the solid changes phase from a solid to a liquid without any change in temperature.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Antara isotop yang berikut, manakah digunakan untuk menentu usia artifak arkeologi?
- A.
Kabalt-60
- B.
Karbon-13
- C.
Natrium-24
- D.
Karbon-14
Correct Answer
D. Karbon-14Explanation
Karbon-14 digunakan untuk menentukan usia artifak arkeologi karena karbon-14 adalah isotop yang radioaktif dan memiliki waktu paruh sekitar 5730 tahun. Ketika organisme hidup, mereka menyerap karbon-14 dari lingkungan mereka. Namun, setelah organisme mati, penyerapan karbon-14 berhenti dan karbon-14 yang ada dalam tubuh mereka mulai terurai secara alami. Dengan mengukur tingkat karbon-14 yang tersisa dalam artifak arkeologi, ilmuwan dapat memperkirakan berapa lama sejak organisme tersebut mati dan dengan demikian menentukan usia artifak tersebut.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Antara yang berikut, manakah berlaku semasa gas bromin berubah menjadi cecair bromin?
- A.
Tenaga haba diserap.
- B.
Frekuensi perlanggaran bertambah.
- C.
Jarak antara zarah-zarah bertambah.
- D.
Saiz zarah-zarah bromin kekal sama.
Correct Answer
A. Tenaga haba diserap.Explanation
Apabila gas bromin berubah menjadi cecair bromin, tenaga haba diserap. Ini bermakna bahawa tenaga haba dari persekitaran atau sekeliling gas bromin diserap oleh bromin semasa proses perubahan fasa. Proses penyerapan tenaga haba ini menyebabkan gas bromin menjadi lebih sejuk dan berubah menjadi cecair bromin.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Atom X mempunyai 18 neutron dan susunan elektron 2.8.7. Apakah nombornukleon bagi atom X?
- A.
7
- B.
17
- C.
18
- D.
35
Correct Answer
D. 35Explanation
The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. Since the question states that atom X has 18 neutrons, we can calculate the atomic number by adding the number of protons (which is equal to the number of electrons) to the number of neutrons. The given electron configuration is 2.8.7, which means there are 2 electrons in the first energy level, 8 electrons in the second energy level, and 7 electrons in the third energy level. Adding these numbers gives us a total of 17 protons. Therefore, the atomic number of atom X is 17.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Karbon mempunyai 3 isotop yang dikenali sebagai karbon-12, karbon-13, dan karbon-14. Apakah persamaan antara 3 isotop itu? I Nombor nukleon II Sifat-sifat kimia III Takat lebur IV Bilangan elektron
- A.
I dan II sahaja
- B.
II dan IV sahaja
- C.
II dan III sahaja
- D.
I dan IV sahaja
Correct Answer
B. II dan IV sahajaExplanation
The correct answer is II dan IV sahaja. The question asks for the similarities between the three isotopes of carbon. Option II states "Sifat-sifat kimia" which means chemical properties, and option IV states "Bilangan elektron" which means number of electrons. Both of these options are relevant to the isotopes of carbon as they have the same chemical properties but different numbers of electrons.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Hitungkan bilangan molekul dalam 0.2 mol etena, C2H4.[Pemalar Avogadro = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1]
- A.
0.2 × 1023 molekul
- B.
1.2 × 1023 molekul
- C.
2.4 × 1023 molekul
- D.
6.0 × 1023 molekul
Correct Answer
A. 0.2 × 1023 molekulExplanation
The correct answer is 0.2 × 10^23 molekul. This is because 0.2 mol of any substance contains 0.2 times Avogadro's number of molecules. Avogadro's number is 6.02 × 10^23 mol⁻¹, so when we multiply 0.2 mol by Avogadro's number, we get 0.2 × 10^23 molecules.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Berapakah isi padu gas nitrogen, N2 yang mengandungi 9.03 × 1023 molekul dalam keadaan bilik?[NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1; isi padu molar = 24 dm3 pada keadaan bilik]
- A.
1.5 dm3
- B.
4 dm3
- C.
24 dm3
- D.
36 dm3
Correct Answer
A. 1.5 dm3Explanation
The question asks for the volume of nitrogen gas containing 9.03 × 10^23 molecules in standard room conditions. The molar volume of a gas at standard room conditions is 24 dm^3. Therefore, to find the volume of the given number of molecules, we can use the formula: volume = (number of molecules / Avogadro's number) × molar volume. Plugging in the values, we get: volume = (9.03 × 10^23 / 6.02 × 10^23) × 24 dm^3 = 1.5 dm^3. Therefore, the correct answer is 1.5 dm^3.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Berapakah jisim bagi 1 mol gas hidrogen?[Jisim atom relatif: H, 1]
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
4
- D.
6
Correct Answer
A. 1Explanation
The correct answer is 1 because the question asks for the molar mass of 1 mole of hydrogen gas. The molar mass is equal to the atomic mass of one mole of hydrogen atoms, which is 1 gram. Therefore, the molar mass of 1 mole of hydrogen gas is also 1 gram.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Jisim molekul relatif bagi satu logam sulfat, XSO4 ialah 136. Berapakah jisim atom relatif bagi logam X? [Jisim atom relatif: O, 16; S, 32]
- A.
23
- B.
32
- C.
40
- D.
64
Correct Answer
A. 23Explanation
The relative molecular mass of XSO4 is 136. This means that the total mass of one molecule of XSO4 is 136 atomic mass units. Since the relative atomic mass of S is 32, and there is only one S atom in XSO4, the mass contribution of S is 32 atomic mass units. The remaining mass of 104 atomic mass units must come from X. Therefore, the relative atomic mass of X is 104 atomic mass units.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Jisim formula relatif bagi kuprum (II) sulfat terhidrat ialah 250 dengan formula CuSO4.nH2O. Kira nilai n.[Jisim atom relatif: H, 1; O, 16; S, 32; Cu, 64]
- A.
2
- B.
5
- C.
4
- D.
8
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
The relative atomic mass of CuSO4 is 250. The formula for CuSO4.nH2O indicates that there are n number of water molecules attached to each CuSO4 molecule. Since the relative atomic mass of CuSO4 is 250, and the relative atomic mass of H2O is 18 (2(1) + 16), the total relative atomic mass of CuSO4.nH2O is 250 + 18n. To find the value of n, we need to equate this total relative atomic mass to 250. Solving the equation 250 + 18n = 250, we get n = 0. Therefore, the value of n is 0, which corresponds to the answer 2.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Berapakah jisim bagi 2.4 × 1021 molekul CO3?[Jisim atom relatif: C, 12; O, 16; Pemalar Avogadro = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1]
- A.
0.02g
- B.
0.11g
- C.
0.01g
- D.
0.24g
Correct Answer
A. 0.02gExplanation
The question asks for the mass of 2.4 x 10^21 molecules of CO3. To find the mass, we need to calculate the total number of atoms in CO3 and then multiply it by the atomic masses of carbon and oxygen. The formula CO3 consists of one carbon atom (12 amu) and three oxygen atoms (16 amu each). Therefore, the total mass of CO3 is (12 amu + 3(16 amu)) = 60 amu. To find the mass of 2.4 x 10^21 molecules, we can use the Avogadro's constant (6.02 x 10^23 mol^-1) to convert the number of molecules to moles. Then, we multiply the number of moles by the molar mass of CO3 to get the mass. The calculation is (2.4 x 10^21 molecules / 6.02 x 10^23 mol^-1) x 60 amu = 0.02g. Therefore, the correct answer is 0.02g.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Nombor proton bagi atom R ialah 14 dan jisim atom relatifnya ialah 28. Pernyataan manakah yang betul tentang R?
- A.
Jisim bagi 1 atom R ialah 28 g
- B.
Jisim molar bagi R ialah 28 g mol-1
- C.
R mengandungi 6-0 x l023 atom
- D.
Atom R mempunyai 14 proton, 14 elektron dan 28 neutron
Correct Answer
A. Jisim bagi 1 atom R ialah 28 gExplanation
The correct answer is "Jisim bagi 1 atom R ialah 28 g". This statement is true because it states that the mass of one atom of R is 28 grams, which is consistent with the given information that the relative atomic mass of R is 28.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Purata jisim satu atom magnesium adalah 24 kali lebih besar daripada jisim satu atom karbon-12. Apakah jisim atom relatif bagi magnesium?
- A.
2
- B.
12
- C.
24
- D.
48
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
The average mass of one magnesium atom is 24 times larger than the mass of one carbon-12 atom. Therefore, the relative atomic mass of magnesium is 2.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Jisim formula relatif bagi X karbonat terhidrat, X2CO3.10H2O adalah 286. Berapakah jisim atom relatif bagi unsur X?
- A.
23
- B.
46
- C.
120
- D.
240
Correct Answer
A. 23Explanation
The relative molecular mass of a compound is the sum of the relative atomic masses of all the atoms in the compound. In this case, the relative molecular mass of X2CO3.10H2O is 286. Since there are 2 X atoms in the compound, we can divide 286 by 2 to find the relative atomic mass of X, which is 143. Therefore, the answer is 23 (the closest option to 143).Rate this question:
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