Physiology Review Test For Students! Trivia Quiz
Exams can be a little nerve, especially when you doubt your preparedness. If you feel like that you are not alone, below is a Physiology Review Test for Students do give it a try and be a step closer to being prepared for your exam. All the best, and be sure to check out more quizzes like it.
- 1.
Ependymle cells can do all of the following except :
- A.
The immune defense of the CNS
- B.
Contribute to formation of BBB
- C.
Line surface of ventricles
Correct Answer
A. The immune defense of the CNSExplanation
Ependymal cells are specialized cells that line the ventricles of the brain and spinal cord. They contribute to the formation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which helps regulate the exchange of substances between the bloodstream and the brain. Additionally, ependymal cells help circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricles. However, they do not play a direct role in the immune defense of the central nervous system (CNS). This function is primarily carried out by other specialized cells, such as microglia and astrocytes.Rate this question:
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- 2.
One of the following is responsible for increasing muscle tone:
- A.
Thalamus
- B.
Hypothalamus
- C.
Basal ganglia
- D.
Cerebellum
Correct Answer
D. CerebellumExplanation
The cerebellum is responsible for increasing muscle tone. It plays a crucial role in coordinating voluntary movements and maintaining muscle tone and posture. It receives information from various sensory systems and integrates it to fine-tune motor movements. Damage to the cerebellum can result in decreased muscle tone, causing difficulties in movement coordination. Therefore, the cerebellum is the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 3.
One of these don’t match :
- A.
Neurotransmitters synaptic
- B.
Optioendocrine hormone circulating bloodn 2
- C.
NEUROENDOCRINE HORMONES synaptic signals
- D.
Autocrine hormones ECF
Correct Answer
C. NEUROENDOCRINE HORMONES synaptic signals -
- 4.
Hydrophilic hormones affect (action):
- A.
Activation of specific enzymes
- B.
Deactivation specific enzymes
- C.
Gene transcription
- D.
A+b
Correct Answer
D. A+bExplanation
Hydrophilic hormones can affect the activation of specific enzymes and also the deactivation of specific enzymes. These hormones bind to receptors on the cell surface, which then triggers a signaling cascade that ultimately leads to the activation or deactivation of certain enzymes. This can have various effects on cellular processes and functions. However, the given options do not include the possibility of gene transcription being affected by hydrophilic hormones.Rate this question:
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- 5.
When target cells increase the number of receptors to certain hormone its called :
- A.
Primary effect
- B.
Desensitization
- C.
Vp regulation
- D.
A+c
Correct Answer
D. A+cExplanation
When target cells increase the number of receptors to a certain hormone, it is called the primary effect. Additionally, if there is an increase in the number of receptors due to the regulation of vasopressin (vp), it can also be considered a primary effect. Therefore, the correct answer is a+c.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Norepinephrine is considered as :
- A.
Hydrophilic
- B.
Lipophilic
- C.
No one of both
Correct Answer
A. HydropHilicExplanation
Norepinephrine is considered hydrophilic because it is a neurotransmitter that is primarily released into the synaptic cleft, where it acts on target cells by binding to specific receptors on their surface. Being hydrophilic means that it has an affinity for water and can easily dissolve in the aqueous environment of the synaptic cleft. This allows it to travel through the watery extracellular fluid to reach its target cells and exert its effects.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Facial nerve has a :
- A.
Motor function
- B.
Sensory function
- C.
Mixed motor and sensory functions
Correct Answer
C. Mixed motor and sensory functionsExplanation
The facial nerve has mixed motor and sensory functions. It controls the muscles of facial expression, which are responsible for various facial movements. Additionally, it carries sensory information from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Therefore, the facial nerve serves both motor and sensory functions, making it a mixed nerve.Rate this question:
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- 8.
All of these are the functions of CSF except :
- A.
Allow the brain to float
- B.
Removing potentially harmful brain metabolites removing potentially harmful brain metabolites
- C.
Separates the blood and the brain fluid at capillaries
Correct Answer
C. Separates the blood and the brain fluid at capillariesExplanation
The CSF (Cerebrospinal fluid) has several functions, including allowing the brain to float and separating the blood and brain fluid at capillaries. However, removing potentially harmful brain metabolites is not a function of CSF.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The neurotransmitter that released at effectors organs in the somatic nervous system:
- A.
Acetylcholine onlyx
- B.
Norepinephrine
- C.
Norepinephrine or acetylcholine
Correct Answer
A. Acetylcholine onlyxExplanation
The correct answer is acetylcholine only. Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter that is released at effectors organs in the somatic nervous system. This neurotransmitter is responsible for transmitting signals from the motor neurons to the skeletal muscles, allowing for voluntary muscle movement. Norepinephrine is not involved in the somatic nervous system, but rather in the sympathetic nervous system, where it helps to prepare the body for fight or flight responses.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The waves that normally seen when the person is awake (open his eyes) are:
- A.
Beta waves
- B.
Alpha waves
- C.
Theta waves
- D.
Delta waves
Correct Answer
A. Beta wavesExplanation
Beta waves are the brain waves that are typically observed when a person is awake and engaged in active mental activity. These waves have a high frequency and low amplitude, indicating alertness and focused attention. They are associated with tasks that require concentration, problem-solving, and decision-making. Therefore, beta waves are the most suitable option as they align with the given scenario of a person being awake and with their eyes open.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The mechanism that changes hormone levels during 24 hours is :
- A.
Negative feedback control
- B.
Neuroendocrine reflexes
- C.
Circadian rhythms
Correct Answer
C. Circadian rhythmsExplanation
Circadian rhythms refer to the natural biological processes that occur in a 24-hour cycle, including hormone regulation. These rhythms are controlled by an internal biological clock located in the brain, which responds to environmental cues such as light and darkness. Hormone levels fluctuate throughout the day and night due to circadian rhythms, helping to regulate various physiological functions. This mechanism ensures that hormone levels are appropriately timed and synchronized with the body's needs and external factors.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The hormone that is important for regulation of ions ( Na,K) IS:
- A.
Aldosteron
- B.
Thyroxin
- C.
Insulin
Correct Answer
A. AldosteronExplanation
Aldosterone is the correct answer because it is a hormone that plays a crucial role in the regulation of ions, specifically sodium (Na) and potassium (K). It is produced by the adrenal glands and acts on the kidneys to increase the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium, which helps maintain the balance of these ions in the body. This hormone also helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.Rate this question:
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- 13.
All of the following are correct about the thalamus except?
- A.
All incoming sensations should pass the thalamus before passing to the cortex .
- B.
It screens out unnecessary sensations .
- C.
Anatomically it's a group of nuclei .
- D.
It routes the important sensory impulses to appropriate areas of somatosensory cortex
Correct Answer
A. All incoming sensations should pass the thalamus before passing to the cortex .Explanation
The thalamus is responsible for routing important sensory impulses to appropriate areas of the somatosensory cortex, screening out unnecessary sensations, and anatomically it is a group of nuclei. However, it is not true that all incoming sensations should pass through the thalamus before reaching the cortex. Some sensory information, such as olfactory information, can bypass the thalamus and directly reach the cortex.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The function of the basal nuclei is to ?
- A.
A- Fine tune muscle tone
- B.
B- Send final motor commands to spinal cord
- C.
C- Stimulate muscle tone throughout the body
- D.
D- Select useless or unwanted patterns of movement
Correct Answer
A. A- Fine tune muscle toneExplanation
The basal nuclei, also known as the basal ganglia, play a crucial role in fine-tuning muscle tone. They are involved in regulating voluntary movements and ensuring smooth coordination between different muscle groups. By adjusting the level of muscle tone, the basal nuclei help to refine and optimize motor control, allowing for precise and coordinated movements. This function is essential for activities such as walking, reaching, and grasping objects. The basal nuclei do not send final motor commands to the spinal cord or stimulate muscle tone throughout the body, nor do they select useless or unwanted patterns of movement.Rate this question:
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- 15.
if there is a disease effecting the cerebellum , one of the symptoms will be ?
- A.
A- Resting tremors
- B.
B- increase muscle tone or rigidity
- C.
A- Slowness in initiating and carrying out different motor behaviours
- D.
D- Intention tremors
Correct Answer
D. D- Intention tremorsExplanation
If there is a disease affecting the cerebellum, one of the symptoms will be intention tremors. Intention tremors are involuntary shaking or trembling movements that occur when a person is trying to perform a voluntary movement, such as reaching for an object or touching their nose. This is different from resting tremors, which occur when the muscles are at rest, and increase muscle tone or rigidity, which refers to stiffness and resistance to movement. Slowness in initiating and carrying out different motor behaviors is a symptom commonly associated with Parkinson's disease, not cerebellar disease.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which type of cells release calcitonin?
- A.
Follicular cells
- B.
Mast cells
- C.
C cells
- D.
Goblet cells
Correct Answer
C. C cellsExplanation
C cells release calcitonin. Calcitonin is a hormone that helps regulate calcium levels in the body. It is produced by the C cells, also known as parafollicular cells, which are found in the thyroid gland. These cells play a crucial role in maintaining calcium balance by inhibiting the breakdown of bone and promoting calcium excretion by the kidneys. Calcitonin also helps to reduce calcium levels in the blood by inhibiting the absorption of calcium from the intestines.Rate this question:
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- 17.
If we have a patient with excess thyroid hormone secretion so he will suffer from:
- A.
Hyper ventilation
- B.
Heat intolerance
- C.
Hypoventilation
- D.
A+b
Correct Answer
D. A+bExplanation
Excess thyroid hormone secretion leads to hyperthyroidism, which is characterized by symptoms such as hyper ventilation (increased respiratory rate) and heat intolerance. These symptoms occur due to the increased metabolic rate caused by excess thyroid hormone. Hypoventilation, on the other hand, is not associated with excess thyroid hormone secretion. Therefore, the correct answer is a+b, as both hyper ventilation and heat intolerance are symptoms of excess thyroid hormone secretion.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Abnormalities in hypothalamus and pituitary glands will affect:
- A.
Thyroid
- B.
Aldosterone
- C.
Sex hormones
- D.
Cortisol
Correct Answer
D. CortisolExplanation
Abnormalities in the hypothalamus and pituitary glands can affect the production and regulation of cortisol. The hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), which stimulates the pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). ACTH then stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. If there are abnormalities in the hypothalamus or pituitary glands, this can disrupt the normal production and regulation of cortisol, leading to imbalances in cortisol levels in the body.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Concentration of calcium ions in plasma is under regulation of:
- A.
PTH
- B.
Vitamin D
- C.
Calcitonin
- D.
A+B+C
Correct Answer
D. A+B+CExplanation
The concentration of calcium ions in plasma is regulated by multiple factors, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and calcitonin. PTH increases calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bones and enhancing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys. Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption from the intestines and also aids in calcium reabsorption in the kidneys. Calcitonin, on the other hand, lowers calcium levels by inhibiting calcium release from bones and increasing calcium excretion in the kidneys. Therefore, the correct answer is A+B+C, as all three factors play a role in regulating calcium ion concentration in plasma.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What type of nutrients brain chooses to produce energy:
- A.
Carbohydrate
- B.
Fat
- C.
A+b
- D.
Amino acids
Correct Answer
A. CarbohydrateExplanation
The brain primarily chooses carbohydrates to produce energy. Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is the brain's preferred fuel source. Glucose provides a quick and efficient source of energy for brain cells to function optimally. While fats can also be used for energy, they are not the brain's preferred choice as they take longer to break down and metabolize. Amino acids are primarily used for building proteins, not for energy production. Therefore, the correct answer is carbohydrate.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following hormones increase blood glucose:
- A.
GH
- B.
Insulin
- C.
Cortisol
- D.
A+C
Correct Answer
D. A+CExplanation
GH (growth hormone) and cortisol both increase blood glucose levels. GH stimulates the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream, while cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis, the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. Insulin, on the other hand, decreases blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake and storage of glucose in cells. Therefore, the correct answer is A+C, as both GH and cortisol increase blood glucose levels.Rate this question:
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- 22.
One of the following glands are matched with the type of nerve fibers they receive:
- A.
Sweat glands … parasympathetic nerve fibers
- B.
Salivary glands … parasympathetic nerve fibers
- C.
Salivary glands … sympathetic nerve fibers
- D.
B+C
Correct Answer
D. B+CExplanation
The correct answer is B+C because both the sweat glands and salivary glands receive parasympathetic nerve fibers. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary functions such as sweating and salivation. The sympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is responsible for the fight or flight response and does not directly control these glandular functions. Therefore, the correct answer is B+C, which indicates that both sweat glands and salivary glands receive parasympathetic nerve fibers.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Only one of the following is part of both (Endocrine system and Digestive system):
- A.
Esophagus
- B.
Liver
- C.
Gallbladder
- D.
Pancreas
Correct Answer
D. PancreasExplanation
The pancreas is the correct answer because it is the only organ listed that is part of both the endocrine system and the digestive system. The pancreas plays a vital role in both systems. It produces and releases hormones such as insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream, which are important for regulating blood sugar levels and metabolism. Additionally, the pancreas also produces digestive enzymes that are released into the small intestine to help break down food and aid in the digestion process.Rate this question:
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- 24.
In digestive tract wall, the layer that contains Nerves, Blood vessels and Lymphatic vessels is:
- A.
Mucosa
- B.
Submucosa
- C.
Muscularis
- D.
Serosa
Correct Answer
B. SubmucosaExplanation
The submucosa is the layer of the digestive tract wall that contains nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. It lies beneath the mucosa and is responsible for supplying the mucosa with nutrients and removing waste products. The submucosa also plays a role in regulating the movement of the digestive tract and is involved in the absorption of nutrients.Rate this question:
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- 25.
One of the following is false about functions of the saliva:
- A.
facilitates swallowing and provides lubrication through mucus
- B.
Antibacterial action via lysozyme and Rinsing effect
- C.
Starts digestion of carbohydrates ( polysaccharide to glucose by amylase)
- D.
Aids speech
Correct Answer
C. Starts digestion of carbohydrates ( polysaccharide to glucose by amylase)Explanation
Saliva does not start the digestion of carbohydrates by converting polysaccharides to glucose. The process of carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth with the enzyme amylase breaking down complex carbohydrates into smaller molecules called maltose. The breakdown of polysaccharides into glucose occurs primarily in the small intestine through the action of pancreatic amylase. Saliva's main role in digestion is to moisten food and facilitate swallowing, while also providing lubrication through mucus. It also has antibacterial properties due to the presence of lysozyme and helps rinse the mouth.Rate this question:
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Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Apr 03, 2017Quiz Created by
Mahmoud Altheeb
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